diff --git a/assets/webui/index.html b/assets/webui/index.html
index 92aa235..0d8a7fa 100644
--- a/assets/webui/index.html
+++ b/assets/webui/index.html
@@ -353,8 +353,59 @@
 				</div>
 			</form>
 		</dialog>
+		<dialog id="signPanel" class="form-dialog security-dialog" aria-label="签章">
+			<form id="signForm" autocomplete="off">
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="signCertificate">证书</label><input id="signCertificate" type="file" accept=".pem,.cer,.crt,.der" required></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="signKey">私钥</label><input id="signKey" type="file" accept=".pem,.key,.der" required></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="signKeyPassword">私钥口令</label><input id="signKeyPassword" type="password" autocomplete="off"></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="signRoots">信任根</label><input id="signRoots" type="file" accept=".pem,.cer,.crt,.der" multiple required></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="signIntermediates">中间证书</label><input id="signIntermediates" type="file" accept=".pem,.cer,.crt,.der" multiple></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="signSeal">电子印章</label><input id="signSeal" type="file" accept=".esl,.ses,.der" aria-label="SES电子印章"></div>
+				<div id="signPlacementFields" hidden>
+					<div class="form-row"><label for="signPlacement">位置</label><select id="signPlacement"><option value="normal">页面</option><option value="seam">骑缝</option></select></div>
+					<div class="form-row"><label for="signPages">页码</label><input id="signPages" type="text" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false"></div>
+					<div class="form-row"><label for="signX">横坐标</label><div class="form-unit"><input id="signX" type="number" min="0" step="any" value="10" aria-label="横坐标（毫米）"><span>mm</span></div></div>
+					<div class="form-row"><label for="signY">纵坐标</label><div class="form-unit"><input id="signY" type="number" min="0" step="any" value="10" aria-label="纵坐标（毫米）"><span>mm</span></div></div>
+					<div class="form-row"><label for="signWidth">宽度</label><div class="form-unit"><input id="signWidth" type="number" min="0.01" step="any" value="40" aria-label="宽度（毫米）"><span>mm</span></div></div>
+					<div class="form-row"><label for="signHeight">高度</label><div class="form-unit"><input id="signHeight" type="number" min="0.01" step="any" value="40" aria-label="高度（毫米）"><span>mm</span></div></div>
+				</div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="signMode">方式</label><select id="signMode"><option value="append">追加</option><option value="replace">替换</option></select></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="signLock">禁止追加</label><input id="signLock" type="checkbox" aria-label="禁止追加签名"></div>
+				<div class="form-actions"><div id="signStatus" class="form-status" role="status" aria-live="polite"></div><button id="signCancel" class="button" type="button">取消</button><button class="button" type="submit" title="签署另存">签署</button></div>
+			</form>
+		</dialog>
+		<dialog id="verifyPanel" class="form-dialog security-dialog" aria-label="验签">
+			<form id="verifyForm">
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="verifyRoots">信任根</label><input id="verifyRoots" type="file" accept=".pem,.cer,.crt,.der" multiple></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="verifyCerts">证书</label><input id="verifyCerts" type="file" accept=".pem,.cer,.crt,.der" multiple></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="verifyTimeRoots">时间戳根</label><input id="verifyTimeRoots" type="file" accept=".pem,.cer,.crt,.der" multiple></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="verifyTokens">时间戳</label><input id="verifyTokens" type="file" accept=".tsr,.tst,.der" multiple></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="verifyCRLs">撤销表</label><input id="verifyCRLs" type="file" accept=".crl,.der" multiple></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="verifyOCSP">OCSP响应</label><input id="verifyOCSP" type="file" accept=".ocsp,.der" multiple></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><span>要求</span><div class="form-options"><label><input id="verifyRequireTime" type="checkbox"><span>时间戳</span></label><label><input id="verifyRequireRevocation" type="checkbox"><span>撤销检查</span></label></div></div>
+				<div class="form-actions"><div id="verifyStatus" class="form-status" role="status" aria-live="polite"></div><button id="verifyCancel" class="button" type="button">取消</button><button class="button" type="submit">验签</button></div>
+			</form>
+		</dialog>
+		<dialog id="credentialsPanel" class="form-dialog security-dialog" aria-label="解锁文档">
+			<form id="credentialsForm" autocomplete="off">
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="credentialsType">方式</label><select id="credentialsType"><option value="password">口令</option><option value="certificate">证书</option></select></div>
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="credentialsUser">用户</label><input id="credentialsUser" type="text" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false"></div>
+				<div id="credentialsPasswordRow" class="form-row"><label for="credentialsPassword">口令</label><input id="credentialsPassword" type="password" autocomplete="off" required autofocus></div>
+				<div id="credentialsCertificateRow" class="form-row" hidden><label for="credentialsCertificate">证书</label><input id="credentialsCertificate" type="file" accept=".pem,.cer,.crt,.der"></div>
+				<div id="credentialsKeyRow" class="form-row" hidden><label for="credentialsKey">私钥</label><input id="credentialsKey" type="file" accept=".pem,.key,.der"></div>
+				<div id="credentialsKeyPasswordRow" class="form-row" hidden><label for="credentialsKeyPassword">私钥口令</label><input id="credentialsKeyPassword" type="password" autocomplete="off"></div>
+				<div class="form-actions"><div id="credentialsStatus" class="form-status" role="status" aria-live="polite"></div><button id="credentialsCancel" class="button" type="button">取消</button><button class="button" type="submit">解锁</button></div>
+			</form>
+		</dialog>
 		<dialog id="exportPanel" class="form-dialog" aria-label="导出文档">
 			<form id="exportForm">
+				<div id="encryptionFields" hidden>
+					<div class="form-row"><label for="encryptionType">方式</label><select id="encryptionType"><option value="password">口令</option><option value="certificate">证书</option></select></div>
+					<div id="encryptionUserRow" class="form-row"><label for="encryptionUser">用户</label><input id="encryptionUser" type="text" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false"></div>
+					<div id="encryptionPasswordRow" class="form-row"><label for="encryptionPassword">口令</label><input id="encryptionPassword" type="password" autocomplete="new-password"></div>
+					<div id="encryptionConfirmRow" class="form-row"><label for="encryptionConfirm">确认</label><input id="encryptionConfirm" type="password" autocomplete="new-password"></div>
+					<div id="encryptionCertificatesRow" class="form-row" hidden><label for="encryptionCertificates">证书</label><input id="encryptionCertificates" type="file" accept=".pem,.cer,.crt,.der" multiple></div>
+				</div>
 				<div class="form-row">
 					<span id="exportScopeLabel">范围</span>
 					<div class="form-options" role="radiogroup" aria-labelledby="exportScopeLabel">
@@ -500,6 +551,10 @@
 						<dd id="metaFonts">0</dd>
 					</div>
 				</dl>
+				<section id="securityPanel" class="security-panel" aria-labelledby="securityPanelTitle" hidden>
+					<div class="panel-row"><div id="securityPanelTitle" class="panel-title compact">安全</div><div class="panel-actions"><button id="encryptSaveButton" class="small-button" type="button" title="加密另存" aria-label="加密另存" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-controls="exportPanel" disabled>加密</button><button id="signButton" class="small-button" type="button" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-controls="signPanel" disabled>签章</button><button id="verifyButton" class="small-button" type="button" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-controls="verifyPanel" disabled>验签</button></div></div>
+					<dl class="meta-list"><div><dt>加密</dt><dd id="securityEncryption">未加密</dd></div><div id="securityMethodRow" hidden><dt>算法</dt><dd id="securityMethod"></dd></div></dl>
+				</section>
 				<section id="attachmentPanel" class="attachment-panel" aria-labelledby="attachmentPanelTitle" hidden>
 					<div id="attachmentPanelTitle" class="panel-title">附件</div>
 					<div id="attachmentList" class="attachment-list"></div>
diff --git a/assets/webui/ofdgo.css b/assets/webui/ofdgo.css
index c70ab0d..bacb25c 100644
--- a/assets/webui/ofdgo.css
+++ b/assets/webui/ofdgo.css
@@ -645,6 +645,23 @@ button:not(:disabled):hover {
 	padding: 12px;
 }
 
+.security-dialog {
+	width: 360px;
+}
+
+.security-dialog .form-row {
+	grid-template-columns: 4em minmax(0, 1fr);
+}
+
+#verifyForm .form-row {
+	grid-template-columns: 5em minmax(0, 1fr);
+}
+
+.security-dialog .form-row > label,
+.security-dialog .form-row > span {
+	text-align-last: justify;
+}
+
 .form-row {
 	display: grid;
 	grid-template-columns: 2em minmax(0, 1fr);
@@ -711,6 +728,7 @@ button:not(:disabled):hover {
 }
 
 .form-row input[type="text"],
+.form-row input[type="password"],
 .form-row input[type="number"],
 .form-row input[type="file"],
 .form-row select,
@@ -895,6 +913,8 @@ body[data-hide-meta] .meta-panel {
 	border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
 	background: var(--panel);
 	overflow: auto;
+	font-size: 13px;
+	line-height: 1.5;
 }
 
 .page-list-panel {
@@ -1168,7 +1188,7 @@ body[data-hide-meta] .meta-panel {
 	gap: 6px;
 	margin: 8px 0;
 	color: var(--text-muted);
-	font-size: 11px;
+	font-size: 12px;
 	font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
 }
 
@@ -1205,7 +1225,7 @@ body[data-hide-meta] .meta-panel {
 	display: block;
 	margin-bottom: 3px;
 	color: var(--text-muted);
-	font-size: 11px;
+	font-size: 12px;
 }
 
 .search-result mark {
@@ -1284,7 +1304,13 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 	transition: border-color 0.16s ease, background-color 0.16s ease;
 }
 
-.page-list-item[aria-current] {
+.page-list-item:not(:disabled):hover {
+	border-color: var(--line-strong);
+	background: #f0f5f4;
+}
+
+.page-list-item[aria-current],
+.page-list-item[aria-current]:hover {
 	border-color: var(--accent);
 	color: var(--accent-strong);
 	font-weight: 700;
@@ -1297,7 +1323,8 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 }
 
 .page-list-item[aria-current]:not([aria-pressed="false"]),
-.page-list-item[aria-pressed="true"] {
+.page-list-item[aria-pressed="true"],
+.page-list-item[aria-pressed="true"]:hover {
 	border-color: var(--accent);
 	background: #e4f3ef;
 	color: var(--accent-strong);
@@ -1351,7 +1378,7 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 }
 
 .thumb-size {
-	font-size: 11px;
+	font-size: 12px;
 	color: var(--text-muted);
 	font-weight: 400;
 }
@@ -2037,7 +2064,8 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 .font-panel,
 .doc-font-panel,
 .attachment-panel,
-.signature-panel {
+.signature-panel,
+.security-panel {
 	margin-top: 18px;
 	padding-top: 12px;
 	border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
@@ -2070,7 +2098,7 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 
 .attachment-detail {
 	color: var(--text-muted);
-	font-size: 11px;
+	font-size: 12px;
 }
 
 .count-pill {
@@ -2083,7 +2111,7 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 	border: 1px solid var(--line);
 	background: #ffffff;
 	color: var(--text-muted);
-	font-size: 11px;
+	font-size: 12px;
 	text-align: center;
 	white-space: nowrap;
 }
@@ -2104,7 +2132,6 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 	transition: border-color 0.16s ease, background-color 0.16s ease;
 }
 
-.page-list-item:not(:disabled):hover,
 .doc-font-row:hover,
 .signature-row:hover,
 .font-row:hover {
@@ -2194,10 +2221,6 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 	flex-wrap: wrap;
 	justify-content: flex-end;
 	gap: 4px;
-}
-
-.doc-font-badges,
-.signature-badges {
 	float: right;
 	margin-left: 8px;
 }
@@ -2210,7 +2233,7 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 	padding: 3px 6px;
 	background: #eef1f4;
 	color: var(--text-muted);
-	font-size: 11px;
+	font-size: 12px;
 	line-height: 1.35;
 	white-space: nowrap;
 }
@@ -2235,19 +2258,40 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 
 .info-line {
 	display: grid;
-	grid-template-columns: 30px minmax(0, 1fr);
+	grid-template-columns: 2em minmax(0, 1fr);
 	align-items: start;
 	gap: 7px;
 	color: var(--text-muted);
-	font-size: 11px;
-	line-height: 1.35;
+	font-size: 12px;
+	line-height: 1.5;
 }
 
 .info-label {
-	color: #7b8791;
+	color: var(--text-muted);
 	white-space: nowrap;
 }
 
+.meta-panel .info-line {
+	grid-template-columns: 4em minmax(0, 1fr);
+}
+
+.meta-panel .info-label {
+	text-align-last: justify;
+}
+
+.signature-row details {
+	font-size: 12px;
+}
+
+.signature-row summary {
+	cursor: pointer;
+	color: var(--accent-strong);
+}
+
+.signature-row details[open] > .info-line {
+	margin-top: 6px;
+}
+
 .info-value {
 	min-width: 0;
 	overflow-wrap: anywhere;
@@ -2263,8 +2307,8 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 
 .doc-font-detail {
 	color: var(--text-muted);
-	font-size: 11px;
-	line-height: 1.35;
+	font-size: 12px;
+	line-height: 1.5;
 	overflow-wrap: anywhere;
 }
 
@@ -2337,7 +2381,7 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 	border: 1px solid var(--line);
 	background: #f8fafb;
 	color: var(--text-muted);
-	font-size: 11px;
+	font-size: 12px;
 	text-align: center;
 	white-space: nowrap;
 }
@@ -2348,7 +2392,7 @@ button.outline-link:hover {
 	gap: 3px;
 	height: 26px;
 	color: var(--text-muted);
-	font-size: 11px;
+	font-size: 12px;
 	white-space: nowrap;
 }
 
diff --git a/assets/webui/ofdgo.js b/assets/webui/ofdgo.js
index 670d931..b06b433 100644
--- a/assets/webui/ofdgo.js
+++ b/assets/webui/ofdgo.js
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ let wasmWorker = null;
 let wasmRequestID = 0;
 let wasmRecoveryTimer = 0;
 let textMeasure = null;
+let credentialRequest = null;
 
 const state = {
 	composite: null,
@@ -35,6 +36,8 @@ const state = {
 	wasmRecovering: false,
 	wasmRecoveries: 0,
 	exporting: false,
+	signing: false,
+	signCanceled: false,
 	exportRequestID: 0,
 	editing: false,
 	selectObjects: true,
@@ -44,6 +47,7 @@ const state = {
 	savedRevision: null,
 	insertObject: null,
 	importPageCount: 0,
+	importEncrypted: false,
 	importing: false,
 	pageSelection: new Set(),
 	pageSelectionAnchor: null,
@@ -102,11 +106,74 @@ const state = {
 	exportFormats: [],
 	exportPages: null,
 	exportBackdrop: false,
+	exportEncrypted: false,
 	showPages: !COMPACT_LAYOUT.matches,
 	showMeta: !COMPACT_LAYOUT.matches,
 };
 
 const el = {
+	signButton: document.querySelector("#signButton"),
+	signPanel: document.querySelector("#signPanel"),
+	signForm: document.querySelector("#signForm"),
+	signCertificate: document.querySelector("#signCertificate"),
+	signKey: document.querySelector("#signKey"),
+	signKeyPassword: document.querySelector("#signKeyPassword"),
+	signRoots: document.querySelector("#signRoots"),
+	signIntermediates: document.querySelector("#signIntermediates"),
+	signSeal: document.querySelector("#signSeal"),
+	signPlacementFields: document.querySelector("#signPlacementFields"),
+	signPlacement: document.querySelector("#signPlacement"),
+	signPages: document.querySelector("#signPages"),
+	signX: document.querySelector("#signX"),
+	signY: document.querySelector("#signY"),
+	signWidth: document.querySelector("#signWidth"),
+	signHeight: document.querySelector("#signHeight"),
+	signMode: document.querySelector("#signMode"),
+	signLock: document.querySelector("#signLock"),
+	signStatus: document.querySelector("#signStatus"),
+	signCancel: document.querySelector("#signCancel"),
+	verifyButton: document.querySelector("#verifyButton"),
+	verifyPanel: document.querySelector("#verifyPanel"),
+	verifyForm: document.querySelector("#verifyForm"),
+	verifyRoots: document.querySelector("#verifyRoots"),
+	verifyCerts: document.querySelector("#verifyCerts"),
+	verifyTimeRoots: document.querySelector("#verifyTimeRoots"),
+	verifyTokens: document.querySelector("#verifyTokens"),
+	verifyCRLs: document.querySelector("#verifyCRLs"),
+	verifyOCSP: document.querySelector("#verifyOCSP"),
+	verifyRequireTime: document.querySelector("#verifyRequireTime"),
+	verifyRequireRevocation: document.querySelector("#verifyRequireRevocation"),
+	verifyStatus: document.querySelector("#verifyStatus"),
+	verifyCancel: document.querySelector("#verifyCancel"),
+	securityPanel: document.querySelector("#securityPanel"),
+	securityEncryption: document.querySelector("#securityEncryption"),
+	securityMethod: document.querySelector("#securityMethod"),
+	securityMethodRow: document.querySelector("#securityMethodRow"),
+	encryptSaveButton: document.querySelector("#encryptSaveButton"),
+	credentialsPanel: document.querySelector("#credentialsPanel"),
+	credentialsType: document.querySelector("#credentialsType"),
+	credentialsPasswordRow: document.querySelector("#credentialsPasswordRow"),
+	credentialsCertificateRow: document.querySelector("#credentialsCertificateRow"),
+	credentialsKeyRow: document.querySelector("#credentialsKeyRow"),
+	credentialsCertificate: document.querySelector("#credentialsCertificate"),
+	credentialsKey: document.querySelector("#credentialsKey"),
+	credentialsKeyPassword: document.querySelector("#credentialsKeyPassword"),
+	credentialsKeyPasswordRow: document.querySelector("#credentialsKeyPasswordRow"),
+	credentialsForm: document.querySelector("#credentialsForm"),
+	credentialsUser: document.querySelector("#credentialsUser"),
+	credentialsPassword: document.querySelector("#credentialsPassword"),
+	credentialsStatus: document.querySelector("#credentialsStatus"),
+	credentialsCancel: document.querySelector("#credentialsCancel"),
+	encryptionFields: document.querySelector("#encryptionFields"),
+	encryptionType: document.querySelector("#encryptionType"),
+	encryptionUserRow: document.querySelector("#encryptionUserRow"),
+	encryptionPasswordRow: document.querySelector("#encryptionPasswordRow"),
+	encryptionConfirmRow: document.querySelector("#encryptionConfirmRow"),
+	encryptionCertificatesRow: document.querySelector("#encryptionCertificatesRow"),
+	encryptionCertificates: document.querySelector("#encryptionCertificates"),
+	encryptionUser: document.querySelector("#encryptionUser"),
+	encryptionPassword: document.querySelector("#encryptionPassword"),
+	encryptionConfirm: document.querySelector("#encryptionConfirm"),
 	ofdInput: document.querySelector("#ofdInput"),
 	ofdButton: document.querySelector("#ofdButton"),
 	newButton: document.querySelector("#newButton"),
@@ -755,6 +822,7 @@ el.importPanel.addEventListener("cancel", event => {
 });
 el.importPanel.addEventListener("close", () => {
 	state.importPageCount = 0;
+	state.importEncrypted = false;
 	el.importForm.reset();
 	if (state.ready) callWASM("ofdgoLoadImport", null).catch(err => showError(err, false));
 });
@@ -770,7 +838,12 @@ el.importForm.addEventListener("submit", async event => {
 	event.preventDefault();
 	if (document.body.hasAttribute("aria-busy") || !state.importPageCount || !el.importForm.reportValidity()) return;
 	const position = { before:state.pageIndex, after:state.pageIndex+1, first:0, last:state.doc.pageCount }[el.importPosition.value];
-	const saved = await changeDocument("ofdgoImportPages", null, el.importRange.value === "custom" ? el.importPages.value : "", position, el.importOutlines.checked);
+	const options = [];
+	if (state.importEncrypted) {
+		if (!window.confirm(state.doc.encryption?.encrypted ? "按目标文档的加密策略导入，是否继续？" : "目标未加密，导入内容将按明文保存，是否继续？")) return;
+		options.push(true);
+	}
+	const saved = await changeDocument("ofdgoImportPages", null, el.importRange.value === "custom" ? el.importPages.value : "", position, el.importOutlines.checked, ...options);
 	if (saved) el.importPanel.close();
 });
 editorClick(el.copyPageButton, () => changeSelectedPages("copy"));
@@ -926,6 +999,60 @@ el.insertPanel.addEventListener("close", () => { state.insertObject = null; });
 el.insertForm.addEventListener("submit", insertObject);
 el.textFontAdd.addEventListener("click", () => openFontFile(el.fontInput));
 el.saveButton.addEventListener("click", () => exportFile(true, null, "ofd"));
+el.encryptSaveButton.addEventListener("click", () => openExportPanel(true));
+el.signButton.addEventListener("click", () => {
+	if (!state.doc || document.body.hasAttribute("aria-busy")) return;
+	el.signForm.reset();
+	el.signPages.value = state.editing && state.pageSelection.size ? selectedPageRange() : String(state.pageIndex + 1);
+	el.signStatus.textContent = "";
+	updateSignPlacement();
+	el.signPanel.showModal();
+});
+el.signSeal.addEventListener("change", updateSignPlacement);
+el.signPlacement.addEventListener("change", updateSignPlacement);
+el.signCancel.addEventListener("click", () => state.signing ? cancelSigning() : el.signPanel.close());
+el.signPanel.addEventListener("cancel", event => {
+	if (state.signing) { event.preventDefault(); cancelSigning(); }
+});
+el.signPanel.addEventListener("close", () => { if (!el.signPanel.open) el.signForm.reset(); });
+el.signForm.addEventListener("submit", signDocument);
+el.verifyButton.addEventListener("click", () => {
+	if (!state.doc || document.body.hasAttribute("aria-busy")) return;
+	el.verifyForm.reset();
+	el.verifyStatus.textContent = "";
+	el.verifyPanel.showModal();
+});
+el.verifyCancel.addEventListener("click", () => el.verifyPanel.close());
+el.verifyPanel.addEventListener("close", () => { if (!el.verifyPanel.open) el.verifyForm.reset(); });
+el.verifyForm.addEventListener("submit", verifyDocument);
+el.credentialsCancel.addEventListener("click", () => finishCredentials(null));
+el.credentialsPanel.addEventListener("cancel", event => { event.preventDefault(); finishCredentials(null); });
+el.credentialsPanel.addEventListener("close", () => { if (!el.credentialsPanel.open) finishCredentials(null); });
+el.credentialsType.addEventListener("change", updateCredentialsType);
+el.credentialsForm.addEventListener("submit", async event => {
+	event.preventDefault();
+	if (!credentialRequest) return;
+	if (el.credentialsType.value === "certificate") {
+		const request = credentialRequest;
+		let key;
+		const keyPassword = new TextEncoder().encode(el.credentialsKeyPassword.value);
+		el.credentialsKeyPassword.value = "";
+		try {
+			key = (await securityFiles(el.credentialsKey))[0];
+			const certificate = (await securityFiles(el.credentialsCertificate))[0];
+			if (credentialRequest !== request) { key?.fill(0); keyPassword.fill(0); return; }
+			if (!key || !certificate) { el.credentialsStatus.textContent = "请选择证书和私钥"; key?.fill(0); keyPassword.fill(0); return; }
+			finishCredentials({password:new Uint8Array(), key, keyPassword, certificate, userName:el.credentialsUser.value.trim()});
+		} catch {
+			key?.fill(0);
+			keyPassword.fill(0);
+			if (credentialRequest === request) el.credentialsStatus.textContent = "文件读取失败";
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+	if (!el.credentialsPassword.value) return;
+	finishCredentials({ password: new TextEncoder().encode(el.credentialsPassword.value), userName: el.credentialsUser.value.trim() });
+});
 el.togglePagesButton.addEventListener("click", () => toggleSidebar("pages"));
 el.toggleMetaButton.addEventListener("click", () => toggleSidebar("meta"));
 el.pagesTab.addEventListener("click", () => showNavigation(el.pagesTab));
@@ -983,8 +1110,10 @@ el.viewerPanel.addEventListener("paste", pasteEditorContent);
 document.addEventListener("selectionchange", syncSelection);
 el.exportFormat.addEventListener("change", () => updateDPIControl());
 el.exportPageButton.addEventListener("click", () => exportFile(false));
-el.exportButton.addEventListener("click", openExportPanel);
+el.exportButton.addEventListener("click", () => openExportPanel());
 el.exportCancel.addEventListener("click", () => el.exportPanel.close());
+el.exportPanel.addEventListener("close", () => { if (!el.exportPanel.open) clearEncryptionForm(); });
+el.encryptionType.addEventListener("change", updateEncryptionType);
 el.cancelExportButton.addEventListener("click", cancelExport);
 el.exportPanel.addEventListener("pointerdown", (event) => {
 	state.exportBackdrop = event.target === el.exportPanel;
@@ -1000,9 +1129,32 @@ el.exportSpecified.addEventListener("change", () => {
 	el.exportRange.focus();
 });
 el.exportRange.addEventListener("input", updateExportRange);
-el.exportForm.addEventListener("submit", (event) => {
+el.exportForm.addEventListener("submit", async (event) => {
 	event.preventDefault();
 	if (!el.exportSubmit.disabled) {
+		if (state.exportEncrypted) {
+			const certificates = el.encryptionType.value === "certificate";
+			if (certificates && !el.encryptionCertificates.files?.length) {
+				el.exportRangeStatus.textContent = "请选择接收者证书";
+				return;
+			}
+			if (!certificates && !el.encryptionPassword.value) {
+				el.exportRangeStatus.textContent = "请输入口令";
+				el.encryptionPassword.focus();
+				return;
+			}
+			if (!certificates && el.encryptionPassword.value !== el.encryptionConfirm.value) {
+				el.exportRangeStatus.textContent = "口令不一致";
+				el.encryptionConfirm.focus();
+				return;
+			}
+			const encryption = certificates
+				? {password:new Uint8Array(), userName:"", recipientFiles:Array.from(el.encryptionCertificates.files)}
+				: { password: new TextEncoder().encode(el.encryptionPassword.value), userName: el.encryptionUser.value.trim() };
+			clearEncryptionForm();
+			try { return await exportFile(true, state.exportPages, "ofd", encryption); }
+			finally { encryption.password.fill(0); }
+		}
 		return exportFile(true, state.exportPages);
 	}
 });
@@ -1317,18 +1469,20 @@ async function loadImportFile() {
 	const file = el.importFile.files[0];
 	const openSeq = state.openSeq;
 	state.importPageCount = 0;
+	state.importEncrypted = false;
 	el.importSubmit.disabled = true;
 	el.importStatus.textContent = "";
 	setBusy(true);
 	try {
 		const data = file ? new Uint8Array(await file.arrayBuffer()) : null;
 		if (openSeq !== state.openSeq) return;
-		const info = await callWASM("ofdgoLoadImport", data);
+		const info = data ? await openWithCredentials(null, openSeq, data, true) : await callWASM("ofdgoLoadImport", null);
 		if (openSeq !== state.openSeq || !el.importPanel.open) {
 			await callWASM("ofdgoLoadImport", null);
 			return;
 		}
 		state.importPageCount = info?.pageCount || 0;
+		state.importEncrypted = Boolean(info?.encrypted);
 		el.importPages.title = state.importPageCount ? `页码 1-${state.importPageCount}` : "页码";
 		el.importStatus.textContent = info?.signed ? "保留签章外观，原签名不再有效" : "";
 		el.importSubmit.disabled = !state.importPageCount;
@@ -1494,6 +1648,7 @@ async function createDocument(event) {
 		return;
 	}
 	const title = el.createName.value.trim() || "未命名";
+	clearSecurityForms();
 	const openSeq = ++state.openSeq;
 	setBusy(true, "正在新建文档", null, "正在新建文档");
 	try {
@@ -2714,10 +2869,11 @@ async function loadWASM() {
 				if (wasmRequests.get(data.id)?.openSeq === state.openSeq && state.exporting) {
 					if (data.stage === "save") {
 						el.cancelExportButton.disabled = true;
+						if (state.signing) el.signCancel.disabled = true;
 						setProgress("正在保存", null);
 					} else if (!el.cancelExportButton.disabled) {
 						if (data.stage === "prepare") {
-							const label = { snapshot: "正在准备", ids: "正在检查", commit: "正在整理", fonts: "正在处理字体", pages: "正在处理页面", references: "正在检查引用", resources: "正在整理资源", write: "正在写入" }[data.phase];
+							const label = { snapshot: "正在准备", ids: "正在检查", commit: "正在整理", fonts: "正在处理字体", pages: "正在处理页面", references: "正在检查引用", resources: "正在整理资源", write: "正在写入", sign: "正在签署", encrypt: "正在加密" }[data.phase];
 							setProgress(label, data.total ? data.completed / data.total * 100 : null);
 						} else if (data.completed === data.total) {
 							setProgress("正在收尾", null);
@@ -2753,6 +2909,7 @@ async function loadWASM() {
 					request.resolve(data.data);
 				} else {
 					const err = new Error(missingGlyphMessage(data.missingGlyphs) || (data.reasonCode === "layoutRequired" ? "跨段或换行修改需先设置段落排版" : data.error));
+					err.code = data.code;
 					if (data.canceled) {
 						err.name = "AbortError";
 					}
@@ -2768,6 +2925,7 @@ function markWASMExited(wasmSeq = state.wasmSeq, err) {
 		return;
 	}
 	state.ready = false;
+	clearSecurityForms();
 	state.wasmExited = true;
 	wasmWorker?.terminate();
 	wasmWorker = null;
@@ -2830,6 +2988,7 @@ async function openOFD(file) {
 	if (!discardChanges()) {
 		return;
 	}
+	clearSecurityForms();
 	state.wasmRecoveries = 0;
 	const openSeq = ++state.openSeq;
 	setBusy(true, "正在读取文档", 10, STATUS.opening);
@@ -3306,6 +3465,86 @@ function updateFontPermissionHint() {
 	el.fontPermissionHint.hidden = !fontManager.canReadLocal() || fontManager.permission === "granted";
 }
 
+function clearSecurityForms() {
+	finishCredentials(null);
+	clearEncryptionForm();
+	el.signKey.value = "";
+	el.signKeyPassword.value = "";
+	if (el.signPanel.open) el.signPanel.close();
+	if (el.verifyPanel.open) el.verifyPanel.close();
+}
+
+function updateCredentialsType() {
+	const certificate = el.credentialsType.value === "certificate";
+	el.credentialsStatus.textContent = "";
+	el.credentialsPasswordRow.hidden = certificate;
+	el.credentialsCertificateRow.hidden = el.credentialsKeyRow.hidden = !certificate;
+	el.credentialsKeyPasswordRow.hidden = !certificate;
+	el.credentialsPassword.required = !certificate;
+	el.credentialsCertificate.required = el.credentialsKey.required = certificate;
+	el.credentialsPassword.value = "";
+	el.credentialsCertificate.value = el.credentialsKey.value = "";
+	el.credentialsKeyPassword.value = "";
+}
+
+function finishCredentials(credentials) {
+	const request = credentialRequest;
+	credentialRequest = null;
+	el.credentialsPassword.value = "";
+	el.credentialsUser.value = "";
+	el.credentialsCertificate.value = el.credentialsKey.value = "";
+	el.credentialsKeyPassword.value = "";
+	if (el.credentialsPanel.open) el.credentialsPanel.close();
+	if (request && request.openSeq === state.openSeq) request.resolve(credentials);
+	else {
+		credentials?.password.fill(0);
+		credentials?.key?.fill(0);
+		credentials?.keyPassword?.fill(0);
+		request?.resolve(null);
+	}
+}
+
+function requestCredentials(code, openSeq) {
+	finishCredentials(null);
+	el.credentialsStatus.textContent = code === "invalidCredentials" ? "解锁失败，请重试" : "";
+	el.progressPanel.hidden = true;
+	return new Promise(resolve => {
+		credentialRequest = { resolve, openSeq };
+		el.credentialsPanel.showModal();
+		(el.credentialsType.value === "certificate" ? el.credentialsCertificate : el.credentialsPassword).focus();
+	});
+}
+
+async function openWithCredentials(fonts, openSeq, data = state.ofdBytes, importing = false) {
+	let credentials = null;
+	try {
+		while (openSeq === state.openSeq) {
+			try {
+				return importing ? await callWASM("ofdgoLoadImport", data.slice(), credentials)
+					: await callWASM("ofdgoOpen", data, fonts, state.renderAnnotations, credentials);
+			} catch (err) {
+				if (openSeq !== state.openSeq || !["credentialsRequired", "invalidCredentials"].includes(err.code)) throw err;
+				credentials?.password.fill(0);
+				credentials?.key?.fill(0);
+				credentials?.keyPassword?.fill(0);
+				credentials = await requestCredentials(err.code, openSeq);
+				if (!credentials || openSeq !== state.openSeq) {
+					const canceled = new Error("打开已取消");
+					canceled.name = "AbortError";
+					throw canceled;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		const canceled = new Error("打开已取消");
+		canceled.name = "AbortError";
+		throw canceled;
+	} finally {
+		credentials?.password.fill(0);
+		credentials?.key?.fill(0);
+		credentials?.keyPassword?.fill(0);
+	}
+}
+
 async function openDocument(options = {}) {
 	if (!state.ofdBytes && !state.editorInfo) {
 		return;
@@ -3341,7 +3580,7 @@ async function openDocument(options = {}) {
 		}
 		const doc = options.doc || (options.reuseSession
 			? await callWASM("ofdgoConfigure", fonts, state.renderAnnotations)
-			: await callWASM("ofdgoOpen", state.ofdBytes, fonts, state.renderAnnotations));
+			: await openWithCredentials(fonts, openSeq));
 		if (openSeq !== state.openSeq) {
 			return;
 		}
@@ -3439,6 +3678,12 @@ async function openDocument(options = {}) {
 			return;
 		}
 		if (options.throwError) throw err;
+		if (!options.reuseSession && !options.doc) {
+			state.ofdBytes = null;
+			state.doc = null;
+			renderSecurity();
+			updateControls();
+		}
 		showError(err, true);
 	} finally {
 		if (openSeq === state.openSeq) {
@@ -3522,6 +3767,7 @@ async function downloadAttachment(attachment) {
 	if (!state.doc || document.body.hasAttribute("aria-busy")) {
 		return;
 	}
+	if (state.doc.encryption?.encrypted && !window.confirm("附件将按明文下载，是否继续？")) return;
 	const openSeq = state.openSeq;
 	state.exporting = true;
 	updateControls();
@@ -3558,11 +3804,165 @@ async function downloadAttachment(attachment) {
 	}
 }
 
-function openExportPanel() {
+function updateEncryptionType() {
+	const certificates = el.encryptionType.value === "certificate";
+	el.encryptionUserRow.hidden = el.encryptionPasswordRow.hidden = el.encryptionConfirmRow.hidden = certificates;
+	el.encryptionCertificatesRow.hidden = !certificates;
+	el.encryptionPassword.required = el.encryptionConfirm.required = state.exportEncrypted && !certificates;
+	el.encryptionCertificates.required = state.exportEncrypted && certificates;
+	el.encryptionPassword.value = el.encryptionConfirm.value = "";
+	el.encryptionCertificates.value = "";
+}
+
+async function encryptionRecipients(files) {
+	const names = new Set();
+	return Promise.all(files.map(async file => {
+		const base = file.name.replace(/\.[^.]+$/, "") || "用户";
+		let name = base, index = 2;
+		while (names.has(name)) name = `${base} ${index++}`;
+		names.add(name);
+		return {userName:name, certificate:new Uint8Array(await file.arrayBuffer())};
+	}));
+}
+
+function clearEncryptionForm() {
+	el.encryptionPassword.value = "";
+	el.encryptionConfirm.value = "";
+	el.encryptionUser.value = "";
+	el.encryptionCertificates.value = "";
+	state.exportEncrypted = false;
+}
+
+function renderSecurity() {
+	const encryption = state.doc?.encryption;
+	el.securityPanel.hidden = !state.doc;
+	el.securityEncryption.textContent = encryption?.encrypted ? "已加密" : "未加密";
+	el.securityMethod.textContent = encryption?.method || "";
+	el.securityMethodRow.hidden = !encryption?.method;
+	el.encryptSaveButton.disabled = !state.doc || !state.ready || state.exporting || document.body.hasAttribute("aria-busy");
+	el.verifyButton.disabled = el.encryptSaveButton.disabled;
+	el.signButton.disabled = el.encryptSaveButton.disabled;
+}
+
+function cancelSigning() {
+	if (el.signCancel.disabled) return;
+	state.signCanceled = true;
+	el.signStatus.textContent = "正在取消";
+	cancelExport();
+}
+
+function updateSignPlacement() {
+	const stamp = Boolean(el.signSeal.files?.length);
+	el.signPlacementFields.hidden = !stamp;
+	el.signPages.required = stamp;
+	el.signX.disabled = !stamp || el.signPlacement.value === "seam";
+}
+
+async function signDocument(event) {
+	event.preventDefault();
+	if (!state.doc || document.body.hasAttribute("aria-busy")) return;
+	if (!el.signCertificate.files?.length || !el.signKey.files?.length || !el.signRoots.files?.length) {
+		el.signStatus.textContent = "请选择证书、私钥和信任根";
+		return;
+	}
+	if (el.signMode.value === "replace" && !window.confirm("替换现有签名，是否继续？")) return;
+	let openSeq = state.openSeq;
+	let key;
+	const keyPassword = new TextEncoder().encode(el.signKeyPassword.value);
+	el.signKeyPassword.value = "";
+	state.exporting = true;
+	state.signing = true;
+	state.signCanceled = false;
+	el.signCancel.disabled = false;
+	setBusy(true, "正在签署", null, "正在签署");
+	el.signForm.querySelectorAll("input, select, button[type=submit]").forEach(input => { input.disabled = true; });
+	try {
+		const name = `${baseFileName()}_签章.ofd`;
+		const file = window.showSaveFilePicker ? await window.showSaveFilePicker({suggestedName:name, types:[{description:"OFD",accept:{"application/ofd":[".ofd"]}}]}) : null;
+		if (openSeq !== state.openSeq || state.signCanceled) return;
+		if (canvasEditor.input || canvasEditor.crop || canvasEditor.nudge || canvasEditor.nudgeCommit) {
+			setBusy(false);
+			if (!await canvasEditor.commitNudge() || !await canvasEditor.commitText() || !await canvasEditor.commitCrop()) return;
+			openSeq = state.openSeq;
+			setBusy(true, "正在签署", null, "正在签署");
+		}
+		key = (await securityFiles(el.signKey))[0];
+		const options = {
+			key, keyPassword, certificate:(await securityFiles(el.signCertificate))[0], roots:await securityFiles(el.signRoots),
+			intermediates:await securityFiles(el.signIntermediates), seal:(await securityFiles(el.signSeal))[0] || null,
+			pages:el.signPages.value.trim(), placement:el.signPlacement.value,
+			x:Number(el.signX.value), y:Number(el.signY.value), width:Number(el.signWidth.value), height:Number(el.signHeight.value),
+			mode:el.signMode.value, lock:el.signLock.checked,
+		};
+		el.signKey.value = "";
+		if (openSeq !== state.openSeq || state.signCanceled || !el.signPanel.open) return;
+		const result = await callWASM("ofdgoSaveSigned", null, options, file);
+		if (openSeq !== state.openSeq) return;
+		if (result.blob) downloadBytes(result.blob, result.mime, name);
+		el.signPanel.close();
+		setStatus("签署已另存");
+	} catch (err) {
+		if (openSeq === state.openSeq) el.signStatus.textContent = err.name === "AbortError" ? "签署已取消" : err.message;
+	} finally {
+		key?.fill(0);
+		keyPassword.fill(0);
+		el.signKey.value = "";
+		el.signForm.querySelectorAll("input, select, button[type=submit]").forEach(input => { input.disabled = false; });
+		el.signCancel.disabled = false;
+		if (state.signCanceled && openSeq === state.openSeq) el.signStatus.textContent = "签署已取消";
+		state.signing = false;
+		updateSignPlacement();
+		state.exporting = false;
+		state.exportRequestID = 0;
+		el.cancelExportButton.hidden = true;
+		if (openSeq === state.openSeq) { setBusy(false); updateControls(); }
+	}
+}
+
+async function securityFiles(input) {
+	return Promise.all(Array.from(input.files || [], async file => new Uint8Array(await file.arrayBuffer())));
+}
+
+async function verifyDocument(event) {
+	event.preventDefault();
+	if (!state.doc || document.body.hasAttribute("aria-busy")) return;
+	const openSeq = state.openSeq;
+	setBusy(true, "正在验签", null, "正在验签");
+	el.verifyForm.inert = true;
+	try {
+		const options = {
+			roots: await securityFiles(el.verifyRoots), certificates: await securityFiles(el.verifyCerts),
+			timestampRoots: await securityFiles(el.verifyTimeRoots), tokens: await securityFiles(el.verifyTokens),
+			crls: await securityFiles(el.verifyCRLs), ocsp: await securityFiles(el.verifyOCSP),
+			requireTimestamp: el.verifyRequireTime.checked, requireRevocation: el.verifyRequireRevocation.checked,
+		};
+		if (openSeq !== state.openSeq || !el.verifyPanel.open) return;
+		const info = await callWASM("ofdgoVerifySignatures", options);
+		if (openSeq !== state.openSeq || !el.verifyPanel.open) return;
+		Object.assign(state.doc, info);
+		renderMeta();
+		el.verifyPanel.close();
+		setStatus(info.signatureCount ? "验签完成" : "无签名");
+	} catch (err) {
+		if (openSeq === state.openSeq) el.verifyStatus.textContent = err.message;
+	} finally {
+		el.verifyForm.inert = false;
+		if (openSeq === state.openSeq) setBusy(false);
+	}
+}
+
+function openExportPanel(encrypted = false) {
 	if (!state.doc || document.body.hasAttribute("aria-busy")) {
 		return;
 	}
 	el.exportForm.reset();
+	clearEncryptionForm();
+	state.exportEncrypted = encrypted;
+	el.encryptionFields.hidden = !encrypted;
+	el.encryptionPassword.required = el.encryptionConfirm.required = encrypted;
+	updateEncryptionType();
+	el.exportPanel.setAttribute("aria-label", encrypted ? "加密另存" : "导出文档");
+	el.exportSubmit.textContent = encrypted ? "保存" : "导出";
 	if (state.editing && state.pageSelection.size) {
 		el.exportSpecified.checked = true;
 		el.exportRange.value = selectedPageRange();
@@ -3600,14 +4000,15 @@ async function updateExportRange() {
 	}
 }
 
-async function exportFile(whole, indices = null, value = el.exportFormat.value) {
+async function exportFile(whole, indices = null, value = el.exportFormat.value, encryption = null) {
 	if (!state.doc || document.body.hasAttribute("aria-busy")) {
 		return;
 	}
 	const saving = value === "ofd";
-	if (saving && !state.editorInfo) {
+	if (saving && !state.editorInfo && !encryption) {
 		return;
 	}
+	if (!saving && state.doc.encryption?.encrypted && !window.confirm("此格式将输出明文，是否继续？")) return;
 	const format = saving ? { value: "ofd", label: "OFD", extension: "ofd", mime: "application/ofd" } : exportFormatInfo(value);
 	if (!format) {
 		return;
@@ -3640,7 +4041,12 @@ async function exportFile(whole, indices = null, value = el.exportFormat.value)
 			openSeq = state.openSeq;
 			setBusy(true, `正在生成 ${label}`, null, status);
 		}
-		const result = saving ? await callWASM("ofdgoSaveDocument", indices, file) : whole
+		if (encryption?.recipientFiles) {
+			encryption.recipients = await encryptionRecipients(encryption.recipientFiles);
+			delete encryption.recipientFiles;
+			if (openSeq !== state.openSeq) return;
+		}
+		const result = encryption ? await callWASM("ofdgoSaveEncrypted", indices, encryption, file) : saving ? await callWASM("ofdgoSaveDocument", indices, file) : whole
 			? await callWASM("ofdgoExportDocument", format.value, dpi, indices, state.renderBackend, file)
 			: await callWASM("ofdgoExportPage", pageIndex, format.value, dpi, state.renderBackend, file);
 		if (openSeq !== state.openSeq) {
@@ -3649,7 +4055,7 @@ async function exportFile(whole, indices = null, value = el.exportFormat.value)
 		if (result.blob) {
 			downloadBytes(result.blob, result.mime, fileName);
 		}
-		if (saving && indices === null) {
+		if (saving && indices === null && state.editorInfo) {
 			state.savedRevision = state.editorInfo.revision;
 			setDirty(false);
 		}
@@ -5344,6 +5750,7 @@ function markThumbnailError(index) {
 }
 
 function renderMeta(keepDetails = false) {
+	renderSecurity();
 	const doc = state.doc || {};
 	el.metaPanel.setAttribute("aria-busy", String(!!doc.detailsPending));
 	document.title = `OFDGo WebUI - ${state.fileName}`;
@@ -5440,41 +5847,88 @@ function renderSignatures() {
 
 		const badges = document.createElement("div");
 		badges.className = "signature-badges";
-		badges.append(fontBadge(signature.status === "valid" ? "通过" : signature.status === "invalid" ? "异常" : "未验", signature.status));
+		badges.append(fontBadge(signature.trustedValid ? "可信" : signature.status === "valid" ? "完整" : signature.status === "invalid" ? "异常" : "未验", signature.status));
 
 		head.append(badges, name);
 		row.append(head);
-		appendInfoLine(row, "编号", signature.id);
-		appendInfoLine(row, "版本", signature.version);
-		appendInfoLine(row, "章图", signature.sealType);
-		appendInfoLine(row, "章号", signature.sealId);
 		appendInfoLine(row, "章名", signature.sealName);
-		appendInfoLine(row, "厂商", signature.sealVendor);
-		appendInfoLine(row, "签者", signature.signer);
+		appendInfoLine(row, "签署人", signature.signer);
 		appendInfoLine(row, "时间", formatDocumentTime(signature.signatureDateTime));
 		appendInfoLine(row, "机构", signatureAgency(signature));
-		appendSignatureCheck(row, "原文", signature.dataHashChecked, signature.dataHashOK);
-		appendSignatureCheck(row, "签名", signature.signedValueChecked, signature.signedValueOK);
-		if (signature.type !== "Sign") {
-			appendSignatureCheck(row, "章验", signature.sealChecked, signature.sealOK);
-			appendSignaturePolicy(row, "一致", signature.sealMatchChecked, signature.sealMatchOK);
-		}
-		appendSignatureCheck(row, "证书", signature.certChecked, signature.certOK);
-		appendSignaturePolicy(row, "签期", signature.signatureTimeChecked, signature.signatureTimeOK);
-		appendSignaturePolicy(row, "章期", signature.sealTimeChecked, signature.sealTimeOK);
-		if (signature.sealCertTimeChecked) {
-			appendInfoLine(row, "制期", signature.sealCertTimeOK ? "有效" : "失效", signature.sealCertTimeOK ? "ok" : "");
-		}
-		appendSignaturePolicy(row, "时效", signature.certTimeChecked, signature.certTimeOK);
 		appendSignatureCheck(row, "信任", signature.certTrustChecked, signature.certTrustOK);
-		appendInfoLine(row, "保护", signatureReferenceText(signature), signatureReferenceStatus(signature));
-		appendInfoLine(row, "算法", signature.signatureMethod);
-		appendInfoLine(row, "散列", signature.digestMethod);
-		appendInfoLine(row, "序号", signature.signSerial);
-		appendInfoLine(row, "主体", signature.signSubject && signature.signSubject !== signature.signer ? signature.signSubject : "");
-		appendInfoLine(row, "颁发", signature.signIssuer);
-		appendInfoLine(row, "章证", signature.sealSubject);
+		appendInfoLine(row, "保护文件", signatureReferenceText(signature), signatureReferenceStatus(signature));
 		appendInfoLine(row, "错误", signature.error, "fail");
+		const checks = document.createElement("details");
+		const checksTitle = document.createElement("summary");
+		checksTitle.textContent = "校验详情";
+		checks.append(checksTitle);
+		appendSignatureCheck(checks, "原文", signature.dataHashChecked, signature.dataHashOK);
+		appendSignatureCheck(checks, "签名", signature.signedValueChecked, signature.signedValueOK);
+		if (signature.type !== "Sign") {
+			appendSignatureCheck(checks, "印章", signature.sealChecked, signature.sealOK);
+			appendSignaturePolicy(checks, "印章匹配", signature.sealMatchChecked, signature.sealMatchOK);
+		}
+		appendSignatureCheck(checks, "证书", signature.certChecked, signature.certOK);
+		appendSignaturePolicy(checks, "签署时间", signature.signatureTimeChecked, signature.signatureTimeOK);
+		appendSignaturePolicy(checks, "印章期限", signature.sealTimeChecked, signature.sealTimeOK);
+		if (signature.sealCertTimeChecked) {
+			appendInfoLine(checks, "制章证书", signature.sealCertTimeOK ? "有效" : "失效", signature.sealCertTimeOK ? "ok" : "fail");
+		}
+		appendSignaturePolicy(checks, "证书期限", signature.certTimeChecked, signature.certTimeOK);
+		appendSignatureCheck(checks, "策略", signature.policyChecked, signature.policyOK);
+		appendSignatureCheck(checks, "覆盖", signature.coverageChecked, signature.coverageOK);
+		appendSignatureCheck(checks, "时间戳", signature.timestampChecked, signature.timestampOK);
+		appendSignatureCheck(checks, "撤销", signature.revocationChecked, signature.revocationOK);
+		appendInfoLine(checks, "策略错误", signature.policyError, "fail");
+		appendInfoLine(checks, "信任错误", signature.certTrustError, "fail");
+		appendInfoLine(checks, "覆盖错误", signature.coverageError, "fail");
+		appendInfoLine(checks, "未保护", signature.uncoveredFiles?.join("、"), "fail");
+		row.append(checks);
+		for (const timestamp of signature.timestamps || []) {
+			const details = document.createElement("details");
+			const title = document.createElement("summary");
+			title.textContent = timestamp.valid ? "可信时间戳" : "时间戳详情";
+			details.append(title);
+			appendInfoLine(details, timestamp.valid ? "时间" : "声明时间", formatDocumentTime(timestamp.time));
+			appendSignatureCheck(details, "绑定", timestamp.bindingChecked, timestamp.bindingOK);
+			appendSignatureCheck(details, "签名", timestamp.signedValueChecked, timestamp.signedValueOK);
+			appendSignatureCheck(details, "信任", timestamp.certTrustChecked, timestamp.certTrustOK);
+			appendSignatureCheck(details, "时效", timestamp.certTimeChecked, timestamp.certTimeOK);
+			appendInfoLine(details, "错误", timestamp.error, "fail");
+			row.append(details);
+		}
+		for (const revocation of signature.revocations || []) {
+			const details = document.createElement("details");
+			const title = document.createElement("summary");
+			title.textContent = "撤销详情";
+			details.append(title);
+			appendInfoLine(details, "证书", revocation.subject);
+			appendInfoLine(details, "来源", revocation.source);
+			const valid = revocation.checked && revocation.ok && revocation.status === "good";
+			appendInfoLine(details, "状态", !revocation.checked ? "未验" : valid ? "未撤销" : revocation.status === "revoked" ? "已撤销" : "未知", valid ? "ok" : revocation.checked ? "fail" : "");
+			appendInfoLine(details, "更新", formatDocumentTime(revocation.thisUpdate));
+			appendInfoLine(details, "截止", formatDocumentTime(revocation.nextUpdate));
+			appendInfoLine(details, "撤销时间", formatDocumentTime(revocation.revokedAt));
+			appendInfoLine(details, "错误", revocation.error, "fail");
+			row.append(details);
+		}
+		const details = document.createElement("details");
+		const title = document.createElement("summary");
+		title.textContent = "签章信息";
+		details.append(title);
+		appendInfoLine(details, "编号", signature.id);
+		appendInfoLine(details, "版本", signature.version);
+		appendInfoLine(details, "章图", signature.sealType);
+		appendInfoLine(details, "章号", signature.sealId);
+		appendInfoLine(details, "厂商", signature.sealVendor);
+		appendInfoLine(details, "文档", signature.docRoot);
+		appendInfoLine(details, "算法", signature.signatureMethod);
+		appendInfoLine(details, "摘要", signature.digestMethod);
+		appendInfoLine(details, "序列号", signature.signSerial);
+		appendInfoLine(details, "证书主体", signature.signSubject);
+		appendInfoLine(details, "颁发者", signature.signIssuer);
+		appendInfoLine(details, "制章证书", signature.sealSubject);
+		row.append(details);
 		fragment.append(row);
 	}
 	el.signatureList.append(fragment);
@@ -5493,11 +5947,11 @@ function signatureSummary(signatures) {
 	if (unchecked) {
 		parts.push(`未验 ${unchecked}`);
 	}
-	return parts.length > 1 ? parts.join(" · ") : `通过 ${signatures.length}`;
+	return parts.length > 1 ? parts.join(" · ") : `${signatures.every(signature => signature.trustedValid) ? "可信" : "完整"} ${signatures.length}`;
 }
 
 function signatureNameNode(signature) {
-	const stamps = signature.stamps || [];
+	const stamps = signature.docIndex ? [] : signature.stamps || [];
 	const name = document.createElement("div");
 	name.className = "signature-name";
 	if (!stamps.length) {
@@ -6060,6 +6514,7 @@ function updateFitSpace() {
 }
 
 function updateControls() {
+	renderSecurity();
 	const hasDoc = Boolean(state.doc);
 	updateRenderBackend();
 	updateEditorTools();
@@ -6221,11 +6676,11 @@ async function callWASM(name, ...args) {
 	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
 		const id = ++wasmRequestID;
 		wasmRequests.set(id, { resolve, reject, openSeq: state.openSeq });
-		if (name === "ofdgoExportPage" || name === "ofdgoExportDocument" || name === "ofdgoExportAttachment" || name === "ofdgoSaveDocument" || name === "ofdgoImportPages") {
+		if (name === "ofdgoExportPage" || name === "ofdgoExportDocument" || name === "ofdgoExportAttachment" || name === "ofdgoSaveDocument" || name === "ofdgoSaveEncrypted" || name === "ofdgoSaveSigned" || name === "ofdgoImportPages") {
 			state.exportRequestID = id;
 			el.cancelExportButton.hidden = false;
 			el.cancelExportButton.disabled = false;
-			el.cancelExportButton.title = { ofdgoSaveDocument: "取消保存", ofdgoImportPages: "取消导入", ofdgoExportAttachment: "取消下载" }[name] || "取消导出";
+			el.cancelExportButton.title = { ofdgoSaveDocument: "取消保存", ofdgoSaveEncrypted: "取消保存", ofdgoSaveSigned: "取消签署", ofdgoImportPages: "取消导入", ofdgoExportAttachment: "取消下载" }[name] || "取消导出";
 			el.cancelExportButton.setAttribute("aria-label", el.cancelExportButton.title);
 		}
 		try {
@@ -6253,6 +6708,7 @@ function showError(err, empty = !state.doc) {
 
 function setBusy(busy, text = "", percent = 0, status = "") {
 	document.body.toggleAttribute("aria-busy", busy);
+	renderSecurity();
 	updateRenderBackend();
 	el.editButton.disabled = busy || !state.doc || !state.ready || state.exporting;
 	el.createForm.inert = busy;
diff --git a/assets/webui/ofdgo_wasm.js b/assets/webui/ofdgo_wasm.js
index ec4aea0..9c0387d 100644
--- a/assets/webui/ofdgo_wasm.js
+++ b/assets/webui/ofdgo_wasm.js
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ self.onmessage = ({ data }) => {
 		operations.get(data.id)?.abort();
 		return;
 	}
-	if (data.name === "ofdgoExportPage" || data.name === "ofdgoExportDocument" || data.name === "ofdgoExportAttachment" || data.name === "ofdgoSaveDocument" || data.name === "ofdgoImportPages") {
+	if (data.name === "ofdgoExportPage" || data.name === "ofdgoExportDocument" || data.name === "ofdgoExportAttachment" || data.name === "ofdgoSaveDocument" || data.name === "ofdgoSaveEncrypted" || data.name === "ofdgoSaveSigned" || data.name === "ofdgoImportPages") {
 		operations.set(data.id, new AbortController());
 	}
 	pending = pending.then(() => handleMessage(data));
@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@ async function handleMessage({ id, name, args }) {
 	let channel;
 	const signal = operations.get(id)?.signal;
 	const importing = name === "ofdgoImportPages";
+	const saving = name === "ofdgoSaveDocument" || name === "ofdgoSaveEncrypted" || name === "ofdgoSaveSigned";
+	const key = name === "ofdgoOpen" ? args[3]?.key : name === "ofdgoSaveSigned" || name === "ofdgoLoadImport" ? args[1]?.key : null;
+	const keyPassword = name === "ofdgoOpen" ? args[3]?.keyPassword : name === "ofdgoSaveSigned" || name === "ofdgoLoadImport" ? args[1]?.keyPassword : null;
+	const password = name === "ofdgoOpen" ? args[3]?.password : name === "ofdgoSaveEncrypted" || name === "ofdgoLoadImport" ? args[1]?.password : null;
 	try {
 		signal?.throwIfAborted();
 		const chunks = [];
@@ -37,7 +41,7 @@ async function handleMessage({ id, name, args }) {
 				});
 			} else {
 				const file = args.pop();
-				const indices = name === "ofdgoSaveDocument" ? args.shift() : null;
+				const indices = saving ? args.shift() : null;
 				if (file) output = await file.createWritable();
 				signal.throwIfAborted();
 				args.push((bytes, done) => {
@@ -58,7 +62,7 @@ async function handleMessage({ id, name, args }) {
 						self.postMessage({ id, type: "export", stage: "pages", completed, total });
 						finish(done);
 					});
-				} else if (name === "ofdgoSaveDocument") {
+				} else if (saving) {
 					args.push((phase, completed, total, done) => {
 						self.postMessage({ id, type: "export", stage: "prepare", phase, completed, total });
 						finish(done);
@@ -94,6 +98,9 @@ async function handleMessage({ id, name, args }) {
 		}
 		self.postMessage(result);
 	} finally {
+		password?.fill(0);
+		key?.fill(0);
+		keyPassword?.fill(0);
 		channel?.port1.close();
 		channel?.port2.close();
 		operations.delete(id);
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index df9068f..b51b0ce 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -3,11 +3,14 @@ module github.com/xiaoqidun/ofdgo
 go 1.26.0
 
 require (
+	github.com/emmansun/gmsm v0.44.1
+	github.com/go-fonts/latin-modern v0.3.3
 	github.com/go-text/typesetting v0.3.5
 	github.com/gogpu/gg v0.52.5
 	github.com/tdewolff/canvas v0.0.0-20260913163248-dd4999d1c76a
 	github.com/tdewolff/font v0.0.0-20260913163313-54f98bb59ee6
 	github.com/xiaoqidun/jbig2 v1.1.1
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.57.0
 	golang.org/x/image v0.46.0
 	golang.org/x/text v0.42.0
 )
@@ -22,7 +25,6 @@ require (
 	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/benoitkugler/textlayout v0.3.2 // indirect
 	github.com/benoitkugler/textprocessing v0.0.6 // indirect
-	github.com/go-fonts/latin-modern v0.3.3 // indirect
 	github.com/gogpu/gpucontext v0.28.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gogpu/gputypes v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/freetype v0.0.0-20170609003504-e2365dfdc4a0 // indirect
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index bd18ee7..fdea165 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ github.com/benoitkugler/textlayout v0.3.2/go.mod h1:o+1hFV+JSHBC9qNLIuwVoLedERU7
 github.com/benoitkugler/textlayout-testdata v0.1.1/go.mod h1:i/qZl09BbUOtd7Bu/W1CAubRwTWrEXWq6JwMkw8wYxo=
 github.com/benoitkugler/textprocessing v0.0.6 h1:obkMyj62GEPg3xUVYqROlCN22z1OleuZm6ULqX9Om1g=
 github.com/benoitkugler/textprocessing v0.0.6/go.mod h1:Io0gN08/PXEzrSOWFa88xHx2Xv3VjvLMY7H76YoI23A=
+github.com/emmansun/gmsm v0.44.1 h1:zDTkdtLWFG0vCbhPV+k9pte14tix/eK71At9Iai9fP4=
+github.com/emmansun/gmsm v0.44.1/go.mod h1:p6RIUta0/KboFHrOxr1x8q+pd8RZtdaTO7XNp0RmMQM=
 github.com/go-fonts/latin-modern v0.3.3 h1:g2xNgI8yzdNzIVm+qvbMryB6yGPe0pSMss8QT3QwlJ0=
 github.com/go-fonts/latin-modern v0.3.3/go.mod h1:tHaiWDGze4EPB0Go4cLT5M3QzRY3peya09Z/8KSCrpY=
 github.com/go-text/typesetting v0.3.5 h1:XZPUooClHY0Vf/rFyUyuPRNEkawARaFzLMQcXLSEyPk=
@@ -76,6 +78,8 @@ github.com/xyproto/randomstring v1.0.5 h1:YtlWPoRdgMu3NZtP45drfy1GKoojuR7hmRcnhZ
 github.com/xyproto/randomstring v1.0.5/go.mod h1:rgmS5DeNXLivK7YprL0pY+lTuhNQW3iGxZ18UQApw/E=
 github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.8.5 h1:r6N5afV5qj/5S4UTch8agZHJ8UxNCMwX7WjkkJam2NA=
 github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.8.5/go.mod h1:ip/1k0VRfGynBgxOz0yCqHrbZXhcjxyuS66Brc7iBKg=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.57.0 h1:3ZVCjf8Ggz7zneR/EHRVx68Ctf+2pmIMP2UFhh9cC6M=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.57.0/go.mod h1:Fdz0i5U6CoizGwLda9DttjSk6qlZo25zYNtR+ycvuZA=
 golang.org/x/image v0.0.0-20210504121937-7319ad40d33e/go.mod h1:FeLwcggjj3mMvU+oOTbSwawSJRM1uh48EjtB4UJZlP0=
 golang.org/x/image v0.46.0 h1:b1+oYj0Jbp6K5MDT4i4/eZpYlk3V8SJhhDKh6LBHAyQ=
 golang.org/x/image v0.46.0/go.mod h1:3B3W05VGVQyuXucLINLjXKrqISASfi4Xj+iCVkLMwew=
diff --git a/internal/webui/wasm.go b/internal/webui/wasm.go
index f0f09d2..1780d4e 100644
--- a/internal/webui/wasm.go
+++ b/internal/webui/wasm.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
+	"crypto"
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
@@ -91,6 +92,7 @@ var copiedStyle *ofdgo.GraphicObject
 // apiResult 浏览器接口返回结果
 type apiResult struct {
 	OK            bool                     `json:"ok"`
+	Code          string                   `json:"code,omitempty"`
 	Error         string                   `json:"error,omitempty"`
 	Data          any                      `json:"data,omitempty"`
 	MissingGlyphs *ofdgo.MissingGlyphError `json:"missingGlyphs,omitempty"`
@@ -102,6 +104,7 @@ func RunWASM() {
 	registerCallback("ofdgoOpen", openDocument)
 	registerCallback("ofdgoConfigure", configureDocument)
 	registerCallback("ofdgoDocumentInfo", documentInfo)
+	registerCallback("ofdgoVerifySignatures", verifySignatures)
 	registerCallback("ofdgoRenderPage", renderPage)
 	registerCallback("ofdgoRenderBackends", renderBackends)
 	registerCallback("ofdgoSVGFontData", svgFontData)
@@ -171,6 +174,8 @@ func RunWASM() {
 	registerCallback("ofdgoUndo", func([]js.Value) (any, error) { return restoreEditor(false) })
 	registerCallback("ofdgoRedo", func([]js.Value) (any, error) { return restoreEditor(true) })
 	registerAsyncCallback("ofdgoSaveDocument", saveDocument)
+	registerAsyncCallback("ofdgoSaveEncrypted", saveEncrypted)
+	registerAsyncCallback("ofdgoSaveSigned", saveSigned)
 	select {}
 }
 
@@ -214,6 +219,16 @@ func callbackResult(fn func([]js.Value) (any, error), args []js.Value) any {
 	data, err := safeCall(fn, args)
 	if err != nil {
 		result := apiResult{Error: err.Error()}
+		switch {
+		case errors.Is(err, ofdgo.ErrCredentialsRequired):
+			result.Code, result.Error = "credentialsRequired", "文档已加密"
+		case errors.Is(err, ofdgo.ErrInvalidCredentials):
+			result.Code, result.Error = "invalidCredentials", "凭据无效或文件损坏"
+		case errors.Is(err, ofdgo.ErrUnsupportedEncryption):
+			result.Code, result.Error = "unsupportedEncryption", "不支持此加密方式"
+		case errors.Is(err, ofdgo.ErrEncryptionPolicyRequired):
+			result.Code, result.Error = "encryptionPolicyRequired", "请设置加密方式"
+		}
 		var failure *ofdgo.EditError
 		if errors.As(err, &failure) {
 			result.ReasonCode = failure.Code
@@ -257,6 +272,19 @@ func openDocument(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	renderAnnotations := args[2].Bool()
+	options := OpenOptions{Fonts: fonts, RenderAnnotations: renderAnnotations}
+	if len(args) > 3 && !args[3].IsNull() && !args[3].IsUndefined() {
+		credentials, err := credentialsFromJS(args[3])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		defer clear(credentials.Password)
+		options.ReaderOptions = append(options.ReaderOptions, ofdgo.WithCredentials(credentials))
+	}
+	session, err := Open(data, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
 	clearImport()
 	currentEditor = nil
 	copiedObjects = nil
@@ -265,14 +293,49 @@ func openDocument(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
 		_ = currentSession.Close()
 		currentSession = nil
 	}
-	session, err := Open(data, OpenOptions{Fonts: fonts, RenderAnnotations: renderAnnotations})
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
 	currentSession = session
 	return currentSession.Summary(), nil
 }
 
+// credentialsFromJS 解析本次打开的口令或本机证书私钥
+// 入参: value 解锁表单数据
+// 返回: ofdgo.Credentials 会话凭据, error 错误信息
+func credentialsFromJS(value js.Value) (ofdgo.Credentials, error) {
+	credentials := ofdgo.Credentials{UserName: value.Get("userName").String()}
+	if keyValue := value.Get("key"); !keyValue.IsNull() && !keyValue.IsUndefined() {
+		key, err := bytesFromJS(keyValue)
+		if err != nil {
+			return credentials, err
+		}
+		defer clear(key)
+		certificate, err := bytesFromJS(value.Get("certificate"))
+		if err != nil {
+			return credentials, err
+		}
+		var password []byte
+		if field := value.Get("keyPassword"); !field.IsUndefined() && !field.IsNull() {
+			password, err = bytesFromJS(field)
+			if err != nil {
+				return credentials, err
+			}
+			defer clear(password)
+		}
+		signer, certificate, err := ofdgo.ParseSignatureIdentity(certificate, key, password)
+		if err != nil {
+			return credentials, ofdgo.ErrInvalidCredentials
+		}
+		decrypter, ok := signer.(crypto.Decrypter)
+		if !ok {
+			return credentials, ofdgo.ErrInvalidCredentials
+		}
+		credentials.Certificate, credentials.Decrypter = certificate, decrypter
+		return credentials, nil
+	}
+	var err error
+	credentials.Password, err = bytesFromJS(value.Get("password"))
+	return credentials, err
+}
+
 // configureDocument 更新当前会话的字体和注解设置
 // 入参: args 浏览器参数
 // 返回: any 文档信息, error 错误信息
@@ -315,6 +378,70 @@ func documentInfo(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
 	return currentSession.Info(), nil
 }
 
+// securityFilesFromJS 读取会话内的本机证据文件
+// 入参: value 二进制数组列表
+// 返回: [][]byte 文件内容, error 错误信息
+func securityFilesFromJS(value js.Value) ([][]byte, error) {
+	if value.IsUndefined() || value.IsNull() {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	files := make([][]byte, value.Length())
+	for i := range files {
+		var err error
+		files[i], err = bytesFromJS(value.Index(i))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return files, nil
+}
+
+// verifySignatures 按本机信任锚和离线证据重新验签，不设置联网回调
+// 入参: args 信任根、辅助证书、时间戳及撤销证据
+// 返回: any 分项报告, error 错误信息
+func verifySignatures(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
+	if currentSession == nil || len(args) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing signature verification arguments")
+	}
+	input := args[0]
+	files := make(map[string][][]byte)
+	for _, name := range []string{"roots", "certificates", "timestampRoots", "tokens", "crls", "ocsp"} {
+		data, err := securityFilesFromJS(input.Get(name))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		files[name] = data
+	}
+	now := time.Now()
+	policy := ofdgo.SignaturePolicy{RejectWeakAlgorithms: true, RequireDocumentCoverage: true,
+		RequireTimestamp: input.Get("requireTimestamp").Bool(), RequireRevocation: input.Get("requireRevocation").Bool()}
+	options := []ofdgo.SignatureVerifyOption{
+		ofdgo.WithSignatureVerifyTime(now), ofdgo.WithSignaturePolicy(policy),
+		ofdgo.WithSignatureTrustCerts(files["roots"]...), ofdgo.WithSignatureCerts(files["certificates"]...),
+	}
+	if policy.RequireTimestamp || len(files["timestampRoots"])+len(files["tokens"]) > 0 {
+		options = append(options, ofdgo.WithSignatureTimestamp(ofdgo.SignatureTimestampOptions{
+			TrustCerts: files["timestampRoots"], Certificates: files["certificates"], Tokens: files["tokens"], Required: policy.RequireTimestamp, VerifyTime: &now,
+		}))
+	}
+	if policy.RequireRevocation || len(files["crls"])+len(files["ocsp"]) > 0 {
+		options = append(options, ofdgo.WithSignatureRevocation(ofdgo.SignatureRevocationOptions{
+			SignatureRevocationEvidence: ofdgo.SignatureRevocationEvidence{CRLs: files["crls"], OCSPResponses: files["ocsp"]},
+			Certificates:                append(files["certificates"], files["roots"]...), Required: policy.RequireRevocation, VerifyTime: &now,
+		}))
+	}
+	reports, err := currentSession.Reader.VerifySignatures(options...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	infos := make([]SignatureInfo, len(reports))
+	for i, report := range reports {
+		infos[i] = signatureInfo(report)
+	}
+	currentSession.signatures, currentSession.signatureError, currentSession.signaturesRead = infos, nil, true
+	return map[string]any{"signatures": infos, "signatureCount": len(infos), "signatureError": ""}, nil
+}
+
 // exportAttachment 分块导出附件
 // 入参: args 浏览器参数
 // 返回: any 附件数据, error 错误信息
@@ -2686,7 +2813,16 @@ func loadImport(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	reader, err := ofdgo.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(data), int64(len(data)))
+	var options []ofdgo.ReaderOption
+	if len(args) > 1 && !args[1].IsNull() && !args[1].IsUndefined() {
+		credentials, err := credentialsFromJS(args[1])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		defer clear(credentials.Password)
+		options = append(options, ofdgo.WithCredentials(credentials))
+	}
+	reader, err := ofdgo.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(data), int64(len(data)), options...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -2700,7 +2836,7 @@ func loadImport(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("document has no pages")
 	}
 	pendingImport = reader
-	return map[string]any{"pageCount": len(doc.Pages.Page), "signed": doc.Signatures != ""}, nil
+	return map[string]any{"pageCount": len(doc.Pages.Page), "signed": doc.Signatures != "", "encrypted": reader.Encryption().Encrypted}, nil
 }
 
 // importPages 插入指定来源页面并保持目标文档元数据
@@ -2727,8 +2863,13 @@ func importPages(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
 	}
 	at := args[1].Int()
 	options := ofdgo.PageImportOptions{Outlines: len(args) > 2 && args[2].Bool()}
-	if len(args) > 3 {
-		options.OnProgress = editorOperationProgress(args[3])
+	progressIndex := 3
+	if len(args) > 3 && args[3].Type() == js.TypeBoolean {
+		options.AllowDecrypted = args[3].Bool()
+		progressIndex = 4
+	}
+	if len(args) > progressIndex {
+		options.OnProgress = editorOperationProgress(args[progressIndex])
 	}
 	if _, err := currentEditor.ImportPagesWithOptions(pendingImport, indexes, at, options); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -3454,16 +3595,172 @@ func saveDocument(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
 	if currentEditor == nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no document is being edited")
 	}
-	if len(args) > 1 {
-		currentEditor.OnWriteProgress = editorOperationProgress(args[1])
+	return saveEditor(currentEditor, args)
+}
+
+// saveEncrypted 以独立快照加密另存，不修改当前文档的输出策略
+// 入参: args 加密选项、写出回调、进度回调和可选页面索引
+// 返回: any 保存结果, error 错误信息
+func saveEncrypted(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
+	if currentSession == nil || len(args) < 3 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing encrypted save arguments")
+	}
+	password, err := bytesFromJS(args[0].Get("password"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer clear(password)
+	options := &ofdgo.EncryptionOptions{Password: password, UserName: args[0].Get("userName").String()}
+	if recipients := args[0].Get("recipients"); !recipients.IsUndefined() && !recipients.IsNull() {
+		for i := 0; i < recipients.Length(); i++ {
+			item := recipients.Index(i)
+			data, err := bytesFromJS(item.Get("certificate"))
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			certificate, err := ofdgo.ParseEncryptionCertificate(data)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("接收者证书无效或不支持SM2加密")
+			}
+			options.Recipients = append(options.Recipients, ofdgo.EncryptionRecipient{UserName: item.Get("userName").String(), Certificate: certificate})
+		}
+	}
+	if len(password) == 0 && len(options.Recipients) == 0 {
+		return nil, ofdgo.ErrEncryptionPolicyRequired
+	}
+	reader := currentSession.Reader
+	if currentEditor != nil {
+		reader, err = currentEditor.Reader()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		defer reader.Close()
+	}
+	editor, err := reader.Editor()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := editor.SetEncryption(options); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return saveEditor(editor, args[1:])
+}
+
+// saveSigned 调用库层最终包签署并在回验成功后交付浏览器
+// 入参: args 本机证书私钥、信任根、印章位置、写出回调及进度回调
+// 返回: any 保存结果, error 错误信息
+func saveSigned(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
+	if currentSession == nil || len(args) < 3 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing signature arguments")
+	}
+	input := args[0]
+	key, err := bytesFromJS(input.Get("key"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer clear(key)
+	certificate, err := bytesFromJS(input.Get("certificate"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var password []byte
+	if field := input.Get("keyPassword"); !field.IsUndefined() && !field.IsNull() {
+		password, err = bytesFromJS(field)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		defer clear(password)
+	}
+	signer, certificate, err := ofdgo.ParseSignatureIdentity(certificate, key, password)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("证书、私钥或口令无效")
+	}
+	roots, err := securityFilesFromJS(input.Get("roots"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	intermediates, err := securityFilesFromJS(input.Get("intermediates"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	options := ofdgo.SignatureWriteOptions{Signer: signer, Certificate: certificate, TrustRoots: roots,
+		Intermediates: intermediates, Lock: input.Get("lock").Bool()}
+	switch input.Get("mode").String() {
+	case "append":
+		options.Mode = ofdgo.SignatureAppend
+	case "replace":
+		options.Mode = ofdgo.SignatureReplace
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid signature mode")
+	}
+	if seal := input.Get("seal"); !seal.IsNull() && !seal.IsUndefined() {
+		options.Seal, err = bytesFromJS(seal)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		count, err := currentSession.Reader.PageCount()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		indices, err := ofdgo.ParsePageRange(input.Get("pages").String(), count)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		box := ofdgo.Box{X: input.Get("x").Float(), Y: input.Get("y").Float(), W: input.Get("width").Float(), H: input.Get("height").Float()}
+		if input.Get("placement").String() == "seam" {
+			pages := make([]int, len(indices))
+			for i, index := range indices {
+				pages[i] = index + 1
+			}
+			options.Stamps, err = currentSession.Reader.SignatureSeamStamps(pages, box)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+		} else {
+			for _, index := range indices {
+				options.Stamps = append(options.Stamps, ofdgo.SignatureStamp{PageRef: currentSession.doc.Pages.Page[index].ID,
+					Boundary: fmt.Sprintf("%g %g %g %g", box.X, box.Y, box.W, box.H)})
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	progress := editorOperationProgress(args[2])
+	if err := progress("sign", 0, 1); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var output bytes.Buffer
+	if currentEditor != nil {
+		currentEditor.OnWriteProgress = progress
 		defer func() { currentEditor.OnWriteProgress = nil }()
+		_, err = ofdgo.SignEditorTo(&output, currentEditor, options)
+	} else {
+		_, err = currentSession.Reader.SignTo(&output, options)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := progress("sign", 1, 1); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if _, err := (exportWriter{write: args[1]}).Write(output.Bytes()); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return successResult(map[string]any{"mime": "application/ofd", "label": "OFD"}), nil
+}
+
+// saveEditor 统一分块写出及进度取消，加密策略由库层执行
+// 入参: editor 待写出文档, args 写出回调、进度回调和可选页面索引
+// 返回: any 保存结果, error 错误信息
+func saveEditor(editor *ofdgo.Editor, args []js.Value) (any, error) {
+	if len(args) > 1 {
+		editor.OnWriteProgress = editorOperationProgress(args[1])
+		defer func() { editor.OnWriteProgress = nil }()
 	}
 	writer := bufio.NewWriterSize(exportWriter{write: args[0]}, 1<<20)
 	var err error
 	if len(args) > 2 {
-		_, err = currentEditor.WritePagesTo(writer, indexesFromJS(args[2]))
+		_, err = editor.WritePagesTo(writer, indexesFromJS(args[2]))
 	} else {
-		_, err = currentEditor.WriteTo(writer)
+		_, err = editor.WriteTo(writer)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
diff --git a/internal/webui/webui.go b/internal/webui/webui.go
index 3410982..ed06739 100644
--- a/internal/webui/webui.go
+++ b/internal/webui/webui.go
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import (
 type OpenOptions struct {
 	Fonts             []FontFile
 	RenderAnnotations bool
+	ReaderOptions     []ofdgo.ReaderOption
 }
 
 // FontFile 字体文件
@@ -40,6 +41,23 @@ type FontInfo = ofdgo.FontInfo
 
 // SignatureInfo 签名验证信息
 type SignatureInfo struct {
+	DocIndex             int                  `json:"docIndex"`
+	DocRoot              string               `json:"docRoot,omitempty"`
+	IntegrityValid       bool                 `json:"integrityValid"`
+	TrustedValid         bool                 `json:"trustedValid"`
+	PolicyChecked        bool                 `json:"policyChecked"`
+	PolicyOK             bool                 `json:"policyOK"`
+	PolicyError          string               `json:"policyError,omitempty"`
+	CoverageChecked      bool                 `json:"coverageChecked"`
+	CoverageOK           bool                 `json:"coverageOK"`
+	CoverageError        string               `json:"coverageError,omitempty"`
+	UncoveredFiles       []string             `json:"uncoveredFiles,omitempty"`
+	TimestampChecked     bool                 `json:"timestampChecked"`
+	TimestampOK          bool                 `json:"timestampOK"`
+	Timestamps           []TimestampInfo      `json:"timestamps,omitempty"`
+	RevocationChecked    bool                 `json:"revocationChecked"`
+	RevocationOK         bool                 `json:"revocationOK"`
+	Revocations          []RevocationInfo     `json:"revocations,omitempty"`
 	ID                   string               `json:"id"`
 	Type                 string               `json:"type"`
 	Status               string               `json:"status"`
@@ -72,6 +90,7 @@ type SignatureInfo struct {
 	CertTimeOK           bool                 `json:"certTimeOK,omitempty"`
 	CertTrustChecked     bool                 `json:"certTrustChecked,omitempty"`
 	CertTrustOK          bool                 `json:"certTrustOK,omitempty"`
+	CertTrustError       string               `json:"certTrustError,omitempty"`
 	ReferenceCount       int                  `json:"referenceCount"`
 	ReferenceChecked     int                  `json:"referenceChecked"`
 	ReferencePassed      int                  `json:"referencePassed"`
@@ -85,6 +104,34 @@ type SignatureInfo struct {
 	Error                string               `json:"error,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// TimestampInfo 独立展示时间戳绑定、签名、信任和证书时效
+type TimestampInfo struct {
+	Time               string `json:"time,omitempty"`
+	Valid              bool   `json:"valid"`
+	BindingChecked     bool   `json:"bindingChecked"`
+	BindingOK          bool   `json:"bindingOK"`
+	SignedValueChecked bool   `json:"signedValueChecked"`
+	SignedValueOK      bool   `json:"signedValueOK"`
+	CertTrustChecked   bool   `json:"certTrustChecked"`
+	CertTrustOK        bool   `json:"certTrustOK"`
+	CertTimeChecked    bool   `json:"certTimeChecked"`
+	CertTimeOK         bool   `json:"certTimeOK"`
+	Error              string `json:"error,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// RevocationInfo 仅表示签者或制章证书的离线撤销状态
+type RevocationInfo struct {
+	Subject    string `json:"subject,omitempty"`
+	Source     string `json:"source,omitempty"`
+	Status     string `json:"status"`
+	Checked    bool   `json:"checked"`
+	OK         bool   `json:"ok"`
+	ThisUpdate string `json:"thisUpdate,omitempty"`
+	NextUpdate string `json:"nextUpdate,omitempty"`
+	RevokedAt  string `json:"revokedAt,omitempty"`
+	Error      string `json:"error,omitempty"`
+}
+
 // SignatureStampInfo 签名外观信息
 type SignatureStampInfo struct {
 	ID       string  `json:"id,omitempty"`
@@ -119,6 +166,7 @@ type Session struct {
 
 // DocumentInfo 文档信息
 type DocumentInfo struct {
+	Encryption      EncryptionInfo   `json:"encryption"`
 	Version         string           `json:"version"`
 	DocType         string           `json:"docType"`
 	Title           string           `json:"title"`
@@ -139,6 +187,21 @@ type DocumentInfo struct {
 	DetailsPending  bool             `json:"detailsPending,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// EncryptionInfo 仅向界面传递非敏感加密状态
+type EncryptionInfo struct {
+	Encrypted bool     `json:"encrypted"`
+	Method    string   `json:"method,omitempty"`
+	Users     []string `json:"users,omitempty"`
+	Layers    int      `json:"layers,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// encryptionInfo 获取当前文档的加密来源，不包含凭据
+// 返回: EncryptionInfo 加密状态
+func (s *Session) encryptionInfo() EncryptionInfo {
+	info := s.Reader.Encryption()
+	return EncryptionInfo{Encrypted: info.Encrypted, Method: info.Method, Users: info.Users, Layers: info.Layers}
+}
+
 // OutlineInfo 目录节点信息
 type OutlineInfo = ofdgo.OutlineInfo
 
@@ -222,7 +285,7 @@ func Open(data []byte, opts OpenOptions) (*Session, error) {
 	if len(data) == 0 {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("empty ofd data")
 	}
-	reader, err := ofdgo.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(data), int64(len(data)))
+	reader, err := ofdgo.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(data), int64(len(data)), opts.ReaderOptions...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -381,6 +444,7 @@ func (s *Session) SearchPage(index int, query string) ([]ofdgo.TextMatch, error)
 // 返回: DocumentInfo 文档信息
 func (s *Session) Summary() DocumentInfo {
 	info := DocumentInfo{
+		Encryption:     s.encryptionInfo(),
 		Version:        s.Reader.Version(),
 		DocType:        s.Reader.DocType(),
 		PageCount:      len(s.doc.Pages.Page),
@@ -425,11 +489,12 @@ func (s *Session) Summary() DocumentInfo {
 // 返回: DocumentInfo 文档信息
 func (s *Session) Info() DocumentInfo {
 	info := DocumentInfo{
-		Version:   s.Reader.Version(),
-		DocType:   s.Reader.DocType(),
-		PageCount: len(s.doc.Pages.Page),
-		Pages:     make([]PageInfo, 0, len(s.doc.Pages.Page)),
-		Outlines:  s.doc.OutlineInfos(),
+		Encryption: s.encryptionInfo(),
+		Version:    s.Reader.Version(),
+		DocType:    s.Reader.DocType(),
+		PageCount:  len(s.doc.Pages.Page),
+		Pages:      make([]PageInfo, 0, len(s.doc.Pages.Page)),
+		Outlines:   s.doc.OutlineInfos(),
 	}
 	if attachments, err := s.Reader.Attachments(); err == nil {
 		for _, attachment := range attachments {
@@ -613,7 +678,22 @@ func signatureInfo(report ofdgo.SignatureVerifyReport) SignatureInfo {
 		dateTime = report.SignatureTime.Format(time.RFC3339Nano)
 	}
 	checked, passed := signatureReferenceCounts(report.References)
-	return SignatureInfo{
+	info := SignatureInfo{
+		DocIndex:             report.DocIndex,
+		DocRoot:              report.DocRoot,
+		IntegrityValid:       report.IntegrityValid(),
+		TrustedValid:         report.TrustedValid(),
+		PolicyChecked:        report.PolicyChecked,
+		PolicyOK:             report.PolicyOK,
+		PolicyError:          report.PolicyError,
+		CoverageChecked:      report.CoverageChecked,
+		CoverageOK:           report.CoverageOK,
+		CoverageError:        report.CoverageError,
+		UncoveredFiles:       report.UncoveredFiles,
+		TimestampChecked:     report.TimestampChecked,
+		TimestampOK:          report.TimestampOK,
+		RevocationChecked:    report.RevocationChecked,
+		RevocationOK:         report.RevocationOK,
 		ID:                   report.ID,
 		Type:                 string(report.Type),
 		Status:               status,
@@ -646,6 +726,7 @@ func signatureInfo(report ofdgo.SignatureVerifyReport) SignatureInfo {
 		CertTimeOK:           report.CertTimeOK,
 		CertTrustChecked:     report.CertTrustChecked,
 		CertTrustOK:          report.CertTrustOK,
+		CertTrustError:       report.CertTrustError,
 		ReferenceCount:       len(report.References),
 		ReferenceChecked:     checked,
 		ReferencePassed:      passed,
@@ -658,6 +739,33 @@ func signatureInfo(report ofdgo.SignatureVerifyReport) SignatureInfo {
 		Stamps:               signatureStampInfos(report.StampPositions),
 		Error:                signatureReportError(report),
 	}
+	for _, stamp := range report.Timestamps {
+		info.Timestamps = append(info.Timestamps, TimestampInfo{
+			Time: securityTime(stamp.Time), Valid: stamp.Valid,
+			BindingChecked: stamp.BindingChecked, BindingOK: stamp.BindingOK,
+			SignedValueChecked: stamp.SignedValueChecked, SignedValueOK: stamp.SignedValueOK,
+			CertTrustChecked: stamp.CertTrustChecked, CertTrustOK: stamp.CertTrustOK,
+			CertTimeChecked: stamp.CertTimeChecked, CertTimeOK: stamp.CertTimeOK, Error: stamp.Error,
+		})
+	}
+	for _, revocation := range report.Revocations {
+		info.Revocations = append(info.Revocations, RevocationInfo{
+			Subject: revocation.Certificate.Subject, Source: revocation.Source, Status: revocation.Status,
+			Checked: revocation.Checked, OK: revocation.OK, ThisUpdate: securityTime(revocation.ThisUpdate),
+			NextUpdate: securityTime(revocation.NextUpdate), RevokedAt: securityTime(revocation.RevokedAt), Error: revocation.Error,
+		})
+	}
+	return info
+}
+
+// securityTime 格式化已提供的安全证据时间，零值不展示
+// 入参: value 时间
+// 返回: string 标准时间文本
+func securityTime(value time.Time) string {
+	if value.IsZero() {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return value.Format(time.RFC3339Nano)
 }
 
 // signatureSigner 获取签名人名称
diff --git a/ofdgo.go b/ofdgo.go
index 051eb60..f751ac1 100644
--- a/ofdgo.go
+++ b/ofdgo.go
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ import (
 
 // Open 打开OFD文件
 // 返回的阅读器持有文件，使用完毕后需调用Close
-// 入参: path 文件路径
+// 入参: path 文件路径, options 阅读选项
 // 返回: *Reader 阅读器实例, error 错误信息
-func Open(path string) (*Reader, error) {
+func Open(path string, options ...ReaderOption) (*Reader, error) {
 	r, err := zip.OpenReader(path)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func Open(path string) (*Reader, error) {
 		Zip:    &r.Reader,
 		Closer: r,
 	}
-	if err := reader.initRoot(); err != nil {
+	if err := reader.open(options); err != nil {
 		reader.Close()
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ func Open(path string) (*Reader, error) {
 
 // NewReader 从IO读取器创建OFD阅读器
 // 读取器的生命周期由调用方管理，Reader.Close不会关闭它
-// 入参: r IO读取器, size 数据大小
+// 入参: r IO读取器, size 数据大小, options 阅读选项
 // 返回: *Reader 阅读器实例, error 错误信息
-func NewReader(r io.ReaderAt, size int64) (*Reader, error) {
+func NewReader(r io.ReaderAt, size int64, options ...ReaderOption) (*Reader, error) {
 	zr, err := zip.NewReader(r, size)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func NewReader(r io.ReaderAt, size int64) (*Reader, error) {
 	reader := &Reader{
 		Zip: zr,
 	}
-	if err := reader.initRoot(); err != nil {
+	if err := reader.open(options); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	return reader, nil
diff --git a/ofdgo_crypto.go b/ofdgo_crypto.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e2d32e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_crypto.go
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto"
+	"errors"
+)
+
+// 加密错误可通过errors.Is识别，不包含口令或私钥
+var (
+	ErrCredentialsRequired      = errors.New("document credentials required")
+	ErrInvalidCredentials       = errors.New("invalid credentials or damaged encrypted document")
+	ErrUnsupportedEncryption    = errors.New("unsupported document encryption")
+	ErrEncryptionPolicyRequired = errors.New("explicit encryption policy required")
+)
+
+// Credentials 解密凭据，UserName为空时尝试匹配用户；证书采用DER编码
+// Password与Decrypter分别用于口令和证书方案，私钥可由外部密码设备持有
+type Credentials struct {
+	UserName    string
+	Password    []byte
+	Certificate []byte
+	Decrypter   crypto.Decrypter
+}
+
+// CryptoProvider 提供GM/T0099的密码运算，不依赖渲染后端
+// SM4采用CBC模式及PKCS#7填充，PasswordKey采用GB/T32918的SM3密钥派生
+// EncryptKey返回SM2密文的ASN.1编码；签名和私钥解密使用crypto.Signer与crypto.Decrypter
+// 提供者不得修改输入字节，返回结果由调用方持有
+type CryptoProvider interface {
+	EncryptSM4(key, iv, plaintext []byte) ([]byte, error)
+	DecryptSM4(key, iv, ciphertext []byte) ([]byte, error)
+	PasswordKey(password []byte) ([]byte, error)
+	EncryptKey(certificate, key []byte) ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+// ReaderOption 阅读器的凭据与密码提供者选项
+type ReaderOption func(*readerOptions)
+
+// readerOptions 保存打开文档时的会话参数
+type readerOptions struct {
+	credentials []Credentials
+	provider    CryptoProvider
+}
+
+// WithCredentials 添加解密凭据，多次调用可解开多层加密
+// 入参: credentials 解密凭据
+// 返回: ReaderOption 阅读选项
+func WithCredentials(credentials Credentials) ReaderOption {
+	credentials.Password = bytes.Clone(credentials.Password)
+	credentials.Certificate = bytes.Clone(credentials.Certificate)
+	return func(options *readerOptions) {
+		copy := credentials
+		copy.Password = bytes.Clone(credentials.Password)
+		copy.Certificate = bytes.Clone(credentials.Certificate)
+		options.credentials = append(options.credentials, copy)
+	}
+}
+
+// WithCryptoProvider 设置文档解密的密码提供者
+// 入参: provider 密码提供者，nil使用内置实现
+// 返回: ReaderOption 阅读选项
+func WithCryptoProvider(provider CryptoProvider) ReaderOption {
+	return func(options *readerOptions) { options.provider = provider }
+}
+
+// EncryptionRecipient 证书加密接收者，Certificate为SM2公钥证书的DER编码
+type EncryptionRecipient struct {
+	UserName    string
+	UserType    string
+	Certificate []byte
+}
+
+// EncryptionOptions 设置GM/T0099加密，口令与证书方案二选一
+// 口令方案应使用足够长的随机口令；标准密钥派生不提供慢速口令哈希
+type EncryptionOptions struct {
+	Password   []byte
+	UserName   string
+	UserType   string
+	Recipients []EncryptionRecipient
+	Provider   CryptoProvider
+}
+
+// EncryptionInfo 不含敏感凭据的文档加密信息
+type EncryptionInfo struct {
+	Encrypted bool
+	Method    string
+	Users     []string
+	Layers    int
+}
+
+// encryptionState 保存解密来源与可继承的输出策略
+type encryptionState struct {
+	info    EncryptionInfo
+	options *EncryptionOptions
+}
+
+// Encryption 获取文档加密状态，不暴露口令或私钥
+// 返回: EncryptionInfo 加密状态
+func (r *Reader) Encryption() EncryptionInfo {
+	if r.encryption == nil {
+		return EncryptionInfo{}
+	}
+	info := r.encryption.info
+	info.Users = append([]string(nil), info.Users...)
+	return info
+}
+
+// cloneEncryptionOptions 复制可继承的加密策略，密码提供者保持共享
+// 入参: options 加密策略
+// 返回: *EncryptionOptions 独立策略副本
+func cloneEncryptionOptions(options *EncryptionOptions) *EncryptionOptions {
+	if options == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	copy := *options
+	copy.Password = bytes.Clone(options.Password)
+	copy.Recipients = append([]EncryptionRecipient(nil), options.Recipients...)
+	for i := range copy.Recipients {
+		copy.Recipients[i].Certificate = bytes.Clone(copy.Recipients[i].Certificate)
+	}
+	return &copy
+}
diff --git a/ofdgo_crypto_editor.go b/ofdgo_crypto_editor.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc22e60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_crypto_editor.go
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"io"
+)
+
+// SetEncryption 设置后续保存的加密策略，nil显式选择明文保存
+// 打开单用户口令或证书加密文档时默认继承原策略；多人口令和多层加密需显式选择输出策略
+// 新的加密密钥与初始向量在每次保存时独立生成，设置不改变文档内容或撤销历史
+// 入参: options 加密策略
+// 返回: error 错误信息
+func (e *Editor) SetEncryption(options *EncryptionOptions) error {
+	if options == nil {
+		e.encryption = nil
+		return nil
+	}
+	if err := validateEncryptionOptions(*options); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	info := EncryptionInfo{Encrypted: true, Method: "1.1.1", Layers: 1}
+	if len(options.Password) != 0 {
+		name := options.UserName
+		if name == "" {
+			name = "User"
+		}
+		info.Users = []string{name}
+	} else {
+		info.Method = "1.1.2"
+		for _, recipient := range options.Recipients {
+			info.Users = append(info.Users, recipient.UserName)
+		}
+	}
+	e.encryption = &encryptionState{info: info, options: cloneEncryptionOptions(options)}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// writeEncrypted 在全部准备及加密成功后写出结果，取消不产生输出
+// 输出流自身写入失败时调用方仍需丢弃本次输出
+// 入参: writer 输出流
+// 返回: int64 写入字节数, error 错误信息
+func (e *Editor) writeEncrypted(writer io.Writer) (int64, error) {
+	if e.encryption.options == nil {
+		return 0, ErrEncryptionPolicyRequired
+	}
+	var plaintext bytes.Buffer
+	if _, err := e.writePlaintext(&plaintext); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	defer clear(plaintext.Bytes())
+	r, err := NewReader(bytes.NewReader(plaintext.Bytes()), int64(plaintext.Len()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	defer r.Close()
+	parts, err := r.packageData()
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		for _, data := range parts {
+			clear(data)
+		}
+	}()
+	data, err := encryptPackageParts(parts, *e.encryption.options, editorProgress(e.OnWriteProgress))
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return io.Copy(writer, bytes.NewReader(data))
+}
diff --git a/ofdgo_crypto_gm.go b/ofdgo_crypto_gm.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..99d3245
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_crypto_gm.go
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto/cipher"
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/padding"
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/sm2"
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/sm3"
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/sm4"
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/smx509"
+)
+
+// GMCryptoProvider 使用纯Go国密实现，可在原生环境和WASM使用
+type GMCryptoProvider struct{}
+
+// EncryptSM4 使用SM4-CBC及PKCS#7填充加密
+// 入参: key 密钥, iv 初始向量, plaintext 明文
+// 返回: []byte 密文, error 错误信息
+func (GMCryptoProvider) EncryptSM4(key, iv, plaintext []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	block, err := sm4.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if len(iv) != block.BlockSize() {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid SM4 IV length")
+	}
+	out := padding.NewPKCS7Padding(sm4.BlockSize).Pad(bytes.Clone(plaintext))
+	cipher.NewCBCEncrypter(block, iv).CryptBlocks(out, out)
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+// DecryptSM4 解密SM4-CBC并校验PKCS#7填充
+// 入参: key 密钥, iv 初始向量, ciphertext 密文
+// 返回: []byte 明文, error 错误信息
+func (GMCryptoProvider) DecryptSM4(key, iv, ciphertext []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	block, err := sm4.NewCipher(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if len(iv) != block.BlockSize() || len(ciphertext) == 0 || len(ciphertext)%block.BlockSize() != 0 {
+		return nil, ErrInvalidCredentials
+	}
+	out := make([]byte, len(ciphertext))
+	cipher.NewCBCDecrypter(block, iv).CryptBlocks(out, ciphertext)
+	plain, err := padding.NewPKCS7Padding(sm4.BlockSize).ConstantTimeUnpad(out)
+	if err != nil {
+		clear(out)
+		return nil, ErrInvalidCredentials
+	}
+	return plain, nil
+}
+
+// PasswordKey 按GB/T32918派生16字节口令密钥
+// 入参: password UTF-8口令
+// 返回: []byte 密钥, error 错误信息
+func (GMCryptoProvider) PasswordKey(password []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	if len(password) == 0 {
+		return nil, ErrCredentialsRequired
+	}
+	return sm3.Kdf(password, sm4.BlockSize), nil
+}
+
+// EncryptKey 使用SM2公钥证书封装文件密钥
+// 入参: certificate DER证书, key 文件密钥
+// 返回: []byte ASN.1密文, error 错误信息
+func (GMCryptoProvider) EncryptKey(certificate, key []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	cert, err := parseEncryptionCertificate(certificate)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return sm2.EncryptASN1(rand.Reader, cert.PublicKey.(*ecdsa.PublicKey), key)
+}
+
+// ParseEncryptionCertificate 解析单张SM2加密证书并返回DER副本
+// 仅检查格式、算法和密钥用途，接收者身份及信任应由调用方确认
+// 入参: certificate PEM或DER证书
+// 返回: []byte DER证书, error 错误信息
+func ParseEncryptionCertificate(certificate []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	cert, err := parseEncryptionCertificate(certificate)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return bytes.Clone(cert.Raw), nil
+}
+
+// parseEncryptionCertificate 解析并检查加密证书
+// 入参: certificate PEM或DER证书
+// 返回: *smx509.Certificate 证书, error 错误信息
+func parseEncryptionCertificate(certificate []byte) (*smx509.Certificate, error) {
+	cert, err := parseSignatureCertificate(certificate)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	public, ok := cert.PublicKey.(*ecdsa.PublicKey)
+	if !ok || !sm2.IsSM2PublicKey(public) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("SM2 encryption certificate required")
+	}
+	if cert.KeyUsage != 0 && cert.KeyUsage&(smx509.KeyUsageKeyEncipherment|smx509.KeyUsageDataEncipherment|smx509.KeyUsageKeyAgreement) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("certificate does not permit encryption")
+	}
+	return cert, nil
+}
diff --git a/ofdgo_crypto_package.go b/ofdgo_crypto_package.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2d630f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_crypto_package.go
@@ -0,0 +1,550 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+import (
+	"archive/zip"
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"encoding/xml"
+	"fmt"
+	"maps"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// encryptionList 对应GM/T0099的加密入口
+type encryptionList struct {
+	XMLName xml.Name           `xml:"http://www.ofdspec.org/2016 Encryptions"`
+	Records []encryptionRecord `xml:"EncryptInfo"`
+}
+
+// encryptionRecord 关联密钥描述和明密文映射
+type encryptionRecord struct {
+	ID       string             `xml:"ID,attr"`
+	Relative string             `xml:"Relative,attr,omitempty"`
+	Provider encryptionProvider `xml:"Provider"`
+	Scope    string             `xml:"EncryptScope"`
+	Date     string             `xml:"EncryptDate,omitempty"`
+	Seed     string             `xml:"DecryptSeedLoc"`
+	Entries  string             `xml:"EntriesMapLoc"`
+}
+
+// encryptionProvider 标识生成加密包的组件
+type encryptionProvider struct {
+	Name    string `xml:"Name,attr"`
+	Version string `xml:"Version,attr"`
+}
+
+// encryptionSeed 保存标准的文件密钥包装信息
+type encryptionSeed struct {
+	XMLName xml.Name         `xml:"http://www.ofdspec.org/2016 DecyptSeed"`
+	ID      string           `xml:"ID,attr"`
+	Method  string           `xml:"EncryptCaseId,attr"`
+	Users   []encryptionUser `xml:"UserInfo"`
+	Params  encryptionParams `xml:"ExtendParams"`
+}
+
+// encryptionParams 保留未知扩展，避免默认另存时静默丢失其语义
+type encryptionParams struct {
+	Raw string `xml:",innerxml"`
+}
+
+// encryptionUser 保存单个接收者的公开信息及包装密钥
+type encryptionUser struct {
+	Name        string `xml:"UserName,attr"`
+	Role        string `xml:"UserType,attr,omitempty"`
+	Certificate string `xml:"UserCert,omitempty"`
+	Key         string `xml:"EncryptedWK"`
+	IV          string `xml:"IVValue"`
+}
+
+// encryptionEntries 保存明密文映射
+type encryptionEntries struct {
+	XMLName xml.Name
+	ID      string            `xml:"ID,attr"`
+	Entries []encryptionEntry `xml:"EncryptEntry"`
+}
+
+// encryptionEntry 对应一项包内文件加密映射
+type encryptionEntry struct {
+	Path          string `xml:"Path,attr"`
+	EncryptedPath string `xml:"EPath,attr"`
+	Seed          string `xml:"DecryptSeedLoc,attr,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// open 初始化包索引并在解析OFD根节点前解密
+// 入参: options 阅读选项
+// 返回: error 错误信息
+func (r *Reader) open(options []ReaderOption) error {
+	settings := readerOptions{provider: GMCryptoProvider{}}
+	for _, option := range options {
+		option(&settings)
+	}
+	if settings.provider == nil {
+		settings.provider = GMCryptoProvider{}
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		for i := range settings.credentials {
+			clear(settings.credentials[i].Password)
+		}
+	}()
+	if err := r.indexPackage(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, ok := r.fileNamesFold["encryptions.xml"]; ok {
+		if err := r.decryptPackage(settings); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return r.initRoot()
+}
+
+// packageData 获取包内所有条目的实际字节，保留未识别文件
+// 返回: map[string][]byte 包内条目, error 错误信息
+func (r *Reader) packageData() (map[string][]byte, error) {
+	parts := make(map[string][]byte, len(r.fileNamesFold))
+	for _, name := range r.fileNamesFold {
+		data, err := r.readFile(name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		parts[name] = data
+	}
+	return parts, nil
+}
+
+// decryptPackage 在独立内存包内解密，不修改输入文件
+// 入参: settings 会话凭据和密码实现
+// 返回: error 错误信息
+func (r *Reader) decryptPackage(settings readerOptions) error {
+	data, err := r.readFile("Encryptions.xml")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	var list encryptionList
+	if err := xml.Unmarshal(data, &list); err != nil || len(list.Records) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: invalid Encryptions.xml", ErrUnsupportedEncryption)
+	}
+	if len(settings.credentials) == 0 {
+		return ErrCredentialsRequired
+	}
+	parts, err := r.packageData()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	state := &encryptionState{info: EncryptionInfo{Encrypted: true, Layers: len(list.Records)}}
+	list.Records, err = orderEncryptionRecords(list.Records)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for i := len(list.Records) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		record := list.Records[i]
+		seedData, seedName, err := encryptionPart(parts, record.Seed)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		var seed encryptionSeed
+		if err := xml.Unmarshal(seedData, &seed); err != nil || seed.ID != record.ID || len(seed.Users) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w: invalid encryption seed", ErrUnsupportedEncryption)
+		}
+		key, iv, credential, err := unwrapEncryptionKey(seed, settings)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		mapData, mapName, err := encryptionPart(parts, record.Entries)
+		var entries encryptionEntries
+		if err == nil {
+			entries, err = decodeEncryptionEntries(mapData, key, iv, settings.provider)
+		}
+		if err != nil || entries.ID != record.ID || len(entries.Entries) == 0 {
+			clear(key)
+			return ErrInvalidCredentials
+		}
+		decrypted := make(map[string][]byte, len(entries.Entries))
+		used := make(map[string]bool)
+		extraSeeds := make(map[string]bool)
+		for _, entry := range entries.Entries {
+			name := cleanPackagePath(entry.Path)
+			fold := strings.ToLower(name)
+			if !validPackagePath(name) || used[fold] {
+				clear(key)
+				return fmt.Errorf("ambiguous encrypted package path: %q", entry.Path)
+			}
+			entryKey, entryIV := key, iv
+			if entry.Seed != "" && cleanPackagePath(entry.Seed) != seedName {
+				seedData, extraSeed, seedErr := encryptionPart(parts, entry.Seed)
+				var entrySeed encryptionSeed
+				if seedErr == nil {
+					seedErr = xml.Unmarshal(seedData, &entrySeed)
+				}
+				if seedErr == nil {
+					entryKey, entryIV, _, seedErr = unwrapEncryptionKey(entrySeed, settings)
+				}
+				if seedErr != nil {
+					clear(key)
+					return seedErr
+				}
+				extraSeeds[extraSeed] = true
+			}
+			ciphertext, actual, err := encryptionPart(parts, entry.EncryptedPath)
+			if err == nil {
+				decrypted[name], err = settings.provider.DecryptSM4(entryKey, entryIV, ciphertext)
+			}
+			if entry.Seed != "" && cleanPackagePath(entry.Seed) != seedName {
+				clear(entryKey)
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				clear(key)
+				return ErrInvalidCredentials
+			}
+			delete(parts, actual)
+			used[fold] = true
+		}
+		clear(key)
+		delete(parts, seedName)
+		delete(parts, mapName)
+		for name := range extraSeeds {
+			delete(parts, name)
+		}
+		remaining := make(map[string]string, len(parts))
+		for name := range parts {
+			remaining[strings.ToLower(name)] = name
+		}
+		for name, plain := range decrypted {
+			if existing, ok := remaining[strings.ToLower(name)]; ok {
+				delete(parts, existing)
+			}
+			parts[name] = plain
+		}
+		state.info.Method = seed.Method
+		for _, user := range seed.Users {
+			state.info.Users = append(state.info.Users, user.Name)
+		}
+		if len(list.Records) == 1 && len(extraSeeds) == 0 {
+			state.options = inheritedEncryptionOptions(seed, credential, settings.provider)
+		}
+	}
+	for name := range parts {
+		if strings.ToLower(name) == "encryptions.xml" {
+			delete(parts, name)
+		}
+	}
+	r.Zip, r.files, r.encryption = nil, parts, state
+	return nil
+}
+
+// decodeEncryptionEntries 读取标准允许的明文或密文明密文映射表
+// 入参: data 映射文件, key 文件密钥, iv 初始向量, provider 密码实现
+// 返回: encryptionEntries 映射表, error 错误信息
+func decodeEncryptionEntries(data, key, iv []byte, provider CryptoProvider) (encryptionEntries, error) {
+	var entries encryptionEntries
+	valid := func() bool {
+		return entries.XMLName.Space == ofdNamespace && (entries.XMLName.Local == "EncryptEntries" || entries.XMLName.Local == "EncryptedEntries")
+	}
+	if err := xml.Unmarshal(data, &entries); err == nil && valid() {
+		return entries, nil
+	}
+	plain, err := provider.DecryptSM4(key, iv, data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return encryptionEntries{}, err
+	}
+	defer clear(plain)
+	entries = encryptionEntries{}
+	if err := xml.Unmarshal(plain, &entries); err != nil || !valid() {
+		return encryptionEntries{}, ErrInvalidCredentials
+	}
+	return entries, nil
+}
+
+// encryptionPart 按统一大小写规则读取加密元数据引用
+// 入参: parts 包内条目, name 引用路径
+// 返回: []byte 条目内容, string 实际路径, error 错误信息
+func encryptionPart(parts map[string][]byte, name string) ([]byte, string, error) {
+	name = cleanPackagePath(name)
+	if !validPackagePath(name) {
+		return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("invalid encryption path: %q", name)
+	}
+	if data, ok := parts[name]; ok {
+		return data, name, nil
+	}
+	for actual, data := range parts {
+		if strings.ToLower(actual) == strings.ToLower(name) {
+			return data, actual, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("missing encrypted entry: %s", name)
+}
+
+// orderEncryptionRecords 按前驱关系排序加密层，拒绝环和缺失的前驱
+// 入参: records 加密记录
+// 返回: []encryptionRecord 从内到外的顺序, error 错误信息
+func orderEncryptionRecords(records []encryptionRecord) ([]encryptionRecord, error) {
+	index := make(map[string]encryptionRecord, len(records))
+	for _, record := range records {
+		if _, exists := index[record.ID]; exists || record.ID == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: duplicate encryption operation", ErrUnsupportedEncryption)
+		}
+		index[record.ID] = record
+	}
+	states := make(map[string]uint8, len(records))
+	ordered := make([]encryptionRecord, 0, len(records))
+	for _, record := range records {
+		chain := []encryptionRecord{}
+		for record.ID != "" && states[record.ID] != 2 {
+			if states[record.ID] == 1 {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: cyclic encryption operations", ErrUnsupportedEncryption)
+			}
+			states[record.ID] = 1
+			chain = append(chain, record)
+			if record.Relative == "" {
+				break
+			}
+			previous, ok := index[record.Relative]
+			if !ok {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: missing encryption predecessor", ErrUnsupportedEncryption)
+			}
+			record = previous
+		}
+		for i := len(chain) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+			states[chain[i].ID] = 2
+			ordered = append(ordered, chain[i])
+		}
+	}
+	return ordered, nil
+}
+
+// unwrapEncryptionKey 按方案尝试会话凭据，不向错误信息写入口令
+// 入参: seed 密钥描述, settings 会话凭据
+// 返回: []byte 文件密钥, []byte 初始向量, Credentials 命中凭据, error 错误信息
+func unwrapEncryptionKey(seed encryptionSeed, settings readerOptions) ([]byte, []byte, Credentials, error) {
+	if seed.Method != "1.1.1" && seed.Method != "1.1.2" {
+		return nil, nil, Credentials{}, ErrUnsupportedEncryption
+	}
+	for _, credential := range settings.credentials {
+		for _, user := range seed.Users {
+			if credential.UserName != "" && credential.UserName != user.Name {
+				continue
+			}
+			wrapped, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(user.Key)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, nil, Credentials{}, ErrInvalidCredentials
+			}
+			iv, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(user.IV)
+			if user.IV == "" {
+				iv = make([]byte, 16)
+			}
+			if err != nil || len(iv) != 16 {
+				return nil, nil, Credentials{}, ErrInvalidCredentials
+			}
+			var key []byte
+			if seed.Method == "1.1.1" && len(credential.Password) != 0 {
+				kek, keyErr := settings.provider.PasswordKey(credential.Password)
+				if keyErr != nil {
+					return nil, nil, Credentials{}, keyErr
+				}
+				key, err = settings.provider.DecryptSM4(kek, iv, wrapped)
+				clear(kek)
+			} else if seed.Method == "1.1.2" && credential.Decrypter != nil {
+				certificate, decodeErr := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(user.Certificate)
+				if decodeErr != nil || len(certificate) == 0 {
+					return nil, nil, Credentials{}, ErrInvalidCredentials
+				}
+				if len(credential.Certificate) != 0 && !bytes.Equal(credential.Certificate, certificate) {
+					continue
+				}
+				key, err = credential.Decrypter.Decrypt(rand.Reader, wrapped, nil)
+			} else {
+				continue
+			}
+			if err == nil && len(key) == 16 {
+				return key, iv, credential, nil
+			}
+			clear(key)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, nil, Credentials{}, ErrInvalidCredentials
+}
+
+// inheritedEncryptionOptions 保留能够完整恢复的原接收者策略
+// 入参: seed 原密钥描述, credential 命中凭据, provider 密码实现
+// 返回: *EncryptionOptions 可继承策略，nil表示需调用方显式选择
+func inheritedEncryptionOptions(seed encryptionSeed, credential Credentials, provider CryptoProvider) *EncryptionOptions {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(seed.Params.Raw) != "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	options := &EncryptionOptions{Provider: provider}
+	if seed.Method == "1.1.1" {
+		if len(seed.Users) != 1 {
+			return nil
+		}
+		options.UserName, options.UserType, options.Password = seed.Users[0].Name, seed.Users[0].Role, bytes.Clone(credential.Password)
+		return options
+	}
+	for _, user := range seed.Users {
+		certificate, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(user.Certificate)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		options.Recipients = append(options.Recipients, EncryptionRecipient{UserName: user.Name, UserType: user.Role, Certificate: certificate})
+	}
+	return options
+}
+
+// EncryptPackage 对完整OFD包进行GM/T0099加密，保留全部条目的原始内容
+// 先签后加密可保留对明文的验签能力；出错不返回部分密文，已有加密包须先解密
+// 入参: data 明文OFD包, options 加密策略
+// 返回: []byte 加密OFD包, error 错误信息
+func EncryptPackage(data []byte, options EncryptionOptions) ([]byte, error) {
+	r, err := NewReader(bytes.NewReader(data), int64(len(data)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer r.Close()
+	parts, err := r.packageData()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return encryptPackageParts(parts, options, nil)
+}
+
+// encryptPackageParts 加密所有原条目，再生成标准入口、密钥描述与映射
+// 入参: parts 明文条目, options 加密策略, progress 取消与进度检查
+// 返回: []byte 加密包, error 错误信息
+func encryptPackageParts(parts map[string][]byte, options EncryptionOptions, progress editorProgress) ([]byte, error) {
+	if err := validateEncryptionOptions(options); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	provider := options.Provider
+	if provider == nil {
+		provider = GMCryptoProvider{}
+	}
+	key, iv, identifier := make([]byte, 16), make([]byte, 16), make([]byte, 16)
+	for _, buffer := range [][]byte{key, iv, identifier} {
+		if _, err := rand.Read(buffer); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	defer clear(key)
+	id := "E" + hex.EncodeToString(identifier)
+	seed := encryptionSeed{ID: id, Method: "1.1.1"}
+	if len(options.Password) != 0 {
+		kek, err := provider.PasswordKey(options.Password)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		wrapped, err := provider.EncryptSM4(kek, iv, key)
+		clear(kek)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		name := options.UserName
+		if name == "" {
+			name = "User"
+		}
+		seed.Users = []encryptionUser{{Name: name, Role: options.UserType, Key: base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(wrapped), IV: base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(iv)}}
+	} else {
+		seed.Method = "1.1.2"
+		for _, recipient := range options.Recipients {
+			certificate, err := ParseEncryptionCertificate(recipient.Certificate)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			wrapped, err := provider.EncryptKey(certificate, key)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			seed.Users = append(seed.Users, encryptionUser{Name: recipient.UserName, Role: recipient.UserType, Certificate: base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(certificate), Key: base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(wrapped), IV: base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(iv)})
+		}
+	}
+	entries := encryptionEntries{XMLName: xml.Name{Space: ofdNamespace, Local: "EncryptEntries"}, ID: id}
+	cipherParts := make(map[string][]byte, len(parts)+3)
+	for i, name := range slices.Sorted(maps.Keys(parts)) {
+		if err := progress.report("encrypt", i, len(parts)); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		encryptedName := fmt.Sprintf("Encrypt/Files/%d.dat", i)
+		data, err := provider.EncryptSM4(key, iv, parts[name])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		cipherParts[encryptedName] = data
+		entries.Entries = append(entries.Entries, encryptionEntry{Path: "/" + name, EncryptedPath: "/" + encryptedName})
+	}
+	mapData, err := xml.Marshal(entries)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	mapData, err = provider.EncryptSM4(key, iv, mapData)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	cipherParts["Encrypt/Entries.dat"] = mapData
+	seedData, err := xml.Marshal(seed)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	cipherParts["Encrypt/DecryptSeed.dat"] = seedData
+	list := encryptionList{Records: []encryptionRecord{{ID: id, Provider: encryptionProvider{Name: "OFDGo", Version: "1.0"}, Scope: "All", Date: time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339), Seed: "/Encrypt/DecryptSeed.dat", Entries: "/Encrypt/Entries.dat"}}}
+	listData, err := xml.Marshal(list)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	cipherParts["Encryptions.xml"] = listData
+	var output bytes.Buffer
+	archive := zip.NewWriter(&output)
+	for _, name := range slices.Sorted(maps.Keys(cipherParts)) {
+		entry, err := archive.CreateHeader(&zip.FileHeader{Name: name, Method: zip.Store})
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if _, err := entry.Write(cipherParts[name]); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	if err := archive.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := progress.report("encrypt", len(parts), len(parts)); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return output.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
+// validateEncryptionOptions 校验输出方案，禁止空口令或混用口令与证书方案
+// 入参: options 加密策略
+// 返回: error 错误信息
+func validateEncryptionOptions(options EncryptionOptions) error {
+	if (len(options.Password) != 0) == (len(options.Recipients) != 0) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("choose password or certificate encryption")
+	}
+	if options.UserType != "" && options.UserType != "User" && options.UserType != "Owner" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid encryption user type")
+	}
+	seen := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, recipient := range options.Recipients {
+		if recipient.UserName == "" || seen[recipient.UserName] || len(recipient.Certificate) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid encryption recipient")
+		}
+		if recipient.UserType != "" && recipient.UserType != "User" && recipient.UserType != "Owner" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid encryption recipient type")
+		}
+		seen[recipient.UserName] = true
+	}
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/ofdgo_editor.go b/ofdgo_editor.go
index 056cbe9..103864d 100644
--- a/ofdgo_editor.go
+++ b/ofdgo_editor.go
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ type Editor struct {
 	source          *editorSource
 	origins         map[string]*editorObjectOrigin
 	outlines        []byte
+	encryption      *encryptionState
 }
 
 // SetFontFS 设置编辑与几何度量使用的外部字体来源，不嵌入或替换文档字体
diff --git a/ofdgo_editor_import.go b/ofdgo_editor_import.go
index ff0014e..98035ba 100644
--- a/ofdgo_editor_import.go
+++ b/ofdgo_editor_import.go
@@ -62,9 +62,11 @@ type editorPageImport struct {
 // PageImportOptions 页面导入选项，零值仅导入页面及其关联资源
 // OnProgress按ids、pages、resources、commit阶段回报进度，total为0表示总量未知
 // 回调返回错误则取消导入，commit检查点之后统一提交；回调不可重入修改编辑器
+// AllowDecrypted显式允许将加密来源导入未加密目标，不影响原文件
 type PageImportOptions struct {
-	Outlines   bool
-	OnProgress func(stage string, completed, total int) error
+	Outlines       bool
+	AllowDecrypted bool
+	OnProgress     func(stage string, completed, total int) error
 }
 
 // ImportPages 将来源主文档中的指定页面插入目标位置，保持输入顺序并作为一次撤销操作
@@ -83,6 +85,9 @@ func (e *Editor) ImportPages(source *Reader, indexes []int, at int) ([]string, e
 // 入参: source 来源阅读器, indexes 来源页面索引, at 目标插入位置, options 导入选项
 // 返回: []string 新页面标识, error 错误信息
 func (e *Editor) ImportPagesWithOptions(source *Reader, indexes []int, at int, options PageImportOptions) ([]string, error) {
+	if source.encryption != nil && e.encryption == nil && !options.AllowDecrypted {
+		return nil, ErrEncryptionPolicyRequired
+	}
 	return e.importPages(source, indexes, at, false, options)
 }
 
diff --git a/ofdgo_editor_open.go b/ofdgo_editor_open.go
index af4d06f..01cc277 100644
--- a/ofdgo_editor_open.go
+++ b/ofdgo_editor_open.go
@@ -116,17 +116,7 @@ type PageCapabilities struct {
 // 页面按需解析，未修改条目直接保留；编辑器及其Reader快照使用期间不得关闭输入Reader
 // 返回: *Editor 编辑器, error 错误信息
 func (r *Reader) Editor() (*Editor, error) {
-	if r.Zip != nil {
-		seen := make(map[string]bool)
-		for _, file := range r.Zip.File {
-			name := cleanPackagePath(file.Name)
-			if seen[name] {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("ambiguous package entry %q", file.Name)
-			}
-			seen[name] = true
-		}
-	}
-	reader := &Reader{Zip: r.Zip, files: r.files}
+	reader := &Reader{Zip: r.Zip, files: r.files, encryption: r.encryption}
 	if err := reader.initRoot(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -143,6 +133,7 @@ func (r *Reader) Editor() (*Editor, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	e := NewEditor()
+	e.encryption = r.encryption
 	e.Info, e.maxID = cloneEditorData(*info), maximum
 	directory := cleanPackagePath(reader.RootDir)
 	e.source = &editorSource{reader: reader, document: doc, info: cloneEditorData(*info), directory: directory, pages: make(map[string]*editorSourcePage), origins: make(map[string]*editorObjectOrigin)}
diff --git a/ofdgo_editor_package.go b/ofdgo_editor_package.go
index ef284cf..726b496 100644
--- a/ofdgo_editor_package.go
+++ b/ofdgo_editor_package.go
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ func (e *Editor) sourceReader(progress editorProgress) (*Reader, error) {
 		files = make(map[string][]byte)
 	}
 	maps.Copy(files, parts)
-	reader := &Reader{Zip: e.source.reader.Zip, files: files}
+	reader := &Reader{Zip: e.source.reader.Zip, files: files, encryption: e.encryption}
 	if err := reader.initRoot(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
diff --git a/ofdgo_reader.go b/ofdgo_reader.go
index 4ec69c2..054531e 100644
--- a/ofdgo_reader.go
+++ b/ofdgo_reader.go
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ type Reader struct {
 	fileIndex                 map[string]*zip.File
 	fileIndexFold             map[string]*zip.File
 	files                     map[string][]byte
+	fileNamesFold             map[string]string
+	encryption                *encryptionState
 }
 
 // Close 关闭阅读器
@@ -63,17 +65,8 @@ func (r *Reader) Close() error {
 // initRoot 读取根节点信息
 // 返回: error 错误信息
 func (r *Reader) initRoot() error {
-	r.fileIndex = make(map[string]*zip.File)
-	r.fileIndexFold = make(map[string]*zip.File)
-	if r.Zip != nil {
-		for _, f := range r.Zip.File {
-			name := cleanPackagePath(f.Name)
-			r.fileIndex[name] = f
-			fold := strings.ToLower(name)
-			if _, ok := r.fileIndexFold[fold]; !ok {
-				r.fileIndexFold[fold] = f
-			}
-		}
+	if err := r.indexPackage(); err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 	data, err := r.readFile("OFD.xml")
 	if err != nil {
@@ -96,11 +89,58 @@ func (r *Reader) initRoot() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// indexPackage 建立包路径索引，拒绝会使显示与验签产生歧义的同名条目
+// 返回: error 错误信息
+func (r *Reader) indexPackage() error {
+	r.fileIndex = make(map[string]*zip.File)
+	r.fileIndexFold = make(map[string]*zip.File)
+	r.fileNamesFold = make(map[string]string)
+	if r.Zip != nil {
+		for _, f := range r.Zip.File {
+			if f.FileInfo().IsDir() {
+				continue
+			}
+			name := cleanPackagePath(f.Name)
+			if !validPackagePath(name) {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid package path: %q", f.Name)
+			}
+			fold := strings.ToLower(name)
+			if previous, ok := r.fileIndexFold[fold]; ok {
+				return fmt.Errorf("ambiguous package paths: %q and %q", previous.Name, f.Name)
+			}
+			r.fileIndex[name] = f
+			r.fileIndexFold[fold] = f
+			r.fileNamesFold[fold] = name
+		}
+	}
+	for name := range r.files {
+		if name != cleanPackagePath(name) || !validPackagePath(name) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid package path: %q", name)
+		}
+		fold := strings.ToLower(name)
+		if previous, ok := r.fileNamesFold[fold]; ok && previous != name {
+			return fmt.Errorf("ambiguous package paths: %q and %q", previous, name)
+		}
+		r.fileNamesFold[fold] = name
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// validPackagePath 判断规范化路径是否位于包内
+// 入参: name 规范化路径
+// 返回: bool 是否有效
+func validPackagePath(name string) bool {
+	return name != "." && name != ".." && !strings.HasPrefix(name, "../") && !strings.HasPrefix(name, "/") && !strings.ContainsAny(name, ":\x00")
+}
+
 // readFile 读取文档内的文件
 // 入参: name 文件名
 // 返回: []byte 文件内容, error 错误信息
 func (r *Reader) readFile(name string) ([]byte, error) {
 	name = cleanPackagePath(name)
+	if actual, ok := r.fileNamesFold[strings.ToLower(name)]; ok {
+		name = actual
+	}
 	if data, ok := r.files[name]; ok {
 		return bytes.Clone(data), nil
 	}
@@ -118,6 +158,9 @@ func (r *Reader) readFile(name string) ([]byte, error) {
 // 返回: io.ReadCloser 文件流, error 错误信息
 func (r *Reader) openFile(name string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
 	name = cleanPackagePath(name)
+	if actual, ok := r.fileNamesFold[strings.ToLower(name)]; ok {
+		name = actual
+	}
 	if data, ok := r.files[name]; ok {
 		return io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(data)), nil
 	}
diff --git a/ofdgo_sign_gbt.go b/ofdgo_sign_gbt.go
index 53fcf0c..ae9ed64 100644
--- a/ofdgo_sign_gbt.go
+++ b/ofdgo_sign_gbt.go
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ const (
 
 // digitalVerifyResult 数字签名验证结果
 type digitalVerifyResult struct {
+	Timestamps      []signatureTimestampEvidence
 	DataHashChecked bool
 	DataHashOK      bool
 	SignedChecked   bool
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ type digitalVerifyResult struct {
 
 // gbtSignedData GB/T 35275 SignedData结构
 type gbtSignedData struct {
+	Version       int
 	ContentDigest []byte
 	Certs         []gbtCertificate
 	Signers       []gbtSignerInfo
@@ -56,6 +58,8 @@ type gbtCertificate struct {
 
 // gbtSignerInfo SignedData签名者信息
 type gbtSignerInfo struct {
+	Version      int
+	UnauthAttrs  asn1.RawValue
 	Issuer       []byte
 	Serial       *big.Int
 	DigestAlg    string
@@ -70,6 +74,15 @@ type gbtSignerInfo struct {
 // 返回: *digitalVerifyResult 验证结果, error 错误信息
 func verifyDigitalSignature(method, digestMethod string, signedValue, signedData []byte, options *signatureVerifyOptions) (*digitalVerifyResult, error) {
 	if value, ok := normalizeGBT35275SignedValue(signedValue); ok {
+		sd, err := parseGBT35275SignedData(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		for _, signer := range sd.Signers {
+			if method != "" && !signatureAlgorithmEquivalent(method, signer.SignatureAlg, signer.DigestAlg) {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("signature method does not match SignedData")
+			}
+		}
 		return verifyGBT35275SignedData(value, signedData, options)
 	}
 	if isSM2SignatureMethod(method) {
@@ -99,7 +112,7 @@ func verifyRawDigitalSignature(signedValue, signedData []byte, options *signatur
 		result.SignerCerts = [][]byte{cert}
 		result.CertInfo = signatureCertInfo(cert)
 		result.SignedChecked = true
-		if sm2VerifySignature(pub, nil, signedData, signedValue) {
+		if verifySM2Signature(pub, nil, signedData, signedValue) {
 			result.SignedOK = true
 			return result, nil
 		}
@@ -144,6 +157,15 @@ func verifyGBT35275SignedData(signedValue, signedData []byte, options *signature
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	if options.Policy != nil && len(options.Policy.SignedDataVersions) != 0 {
+		allowed := false
+		for _, v := range options.Policy.SignedDataVersions {
+			allowed = allowed || v == sd.Version
+		}
+		if !allowed {
+			return nil, rejectSignaturePolicy("SignedData version rejected: %d", sd.Version)
+		}
+	}
 	for _, cert := range options.SignCerts {
 		c, err := parseGBTCertificate(cert)
 		if err == nil {
@@ -155,6 +177,12 @@ func verifyGBT35275SignedData(signedValue, signedData []byte, options *signature
 	}
 	result := &digitalVerifyResult{Certs: sd.rawCerts()}
 	for index, signer := range sd.Signers {
+		if err := signatureSignerDigest(signer.SignatureAlg, signer.DigestAlg); err != nil {
+			return result, err
+		}
+		if err := signatureAlgorithmPolicy(options.Policy, signer.SignatureAlg, signer.DigestAlg); err != nil {
+			return result, err
+		}
 		digest, err := signatureDigest(signer.DigestAlg, signedData)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
@@ -184,6 +212,13 @@ func verifyGBT35275SignedData(signedValue, signedData []byte, options *signature
 			return result, nil
 		}
 		result.SignerCerts = append(result.SignerCerts, cert.Raw)
+		tokens, err := signatureTimestampAttributes(signer.UnauthAttrs)
+		if err != nil {
+			return result, err
+		}
+		for _, token := range tokens {
+			result.Timestamps = append(result.Timestamps, signatureTimestampEvidence{Token: token, Data: signer.Signature})
+		}
 		result.CertInfo = signatureCertInfo(cert.Raw)
 		if isSM2SignatureMethod(signer.SignatureAlg) {
 			pub, err := parseSM2PublicKeyFromCert(cert.Raw)
@@ -191,7 +226,7 @@ func verifyGBT35275SignedData(signedValue, signedData []byte, options *signature
 				result.CertOK = false
 				return result, err
 			}
-			if !sm2VerifySignature(pub, nil, plain, signer.Signature) {
+			if !verifySM2Signature(pub, nil, plain, signer.Signature) {
 				result.SignedChecked = true
 				result.CertChecked = index == len(sd.Signers)-1
 				result.CertOK = true
@@ -376,7 +411,11 @@ func parseGBT35275SignedData(data []byte) (*gbtSignedData, error) {
 	if !ok || len(items) < 4 {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid signed data")
 	}
-	sd := &gbtSignedData{}
+	version, err := asn1Integer(items[0])
+	if err != nil || version != 1 && version != 3 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported GB/T signed data version: %d", version)
+	}
+	sd := &gbtSignedData{Version: version}
 	contentOID, content, hasContent, err := parseGBTContentInfo(items[2])
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -431,7 +470,7 @@ func parseGBTContentInfoBytes(data []byte) (string, asn1.RawValue, bool, error)
 // 返回: string 内容类型, asn1.RawValue 内容, bool 是否存在内容, error 错误信息
 func parseGBTContentInfo(raw asn1.RawValue) (string, asn1.RawValue, bool, error) {
 	items, ok := asn1Children(raw.Bytes)
-	if !ok || len(items) == 0 {
+	if !ok || len(items) == 0 || len(items) > 2 || raw.Class != asn1.ClassUniversal || raw.Tag != asn1.TagSequence || !raw.IsCompound {
 		return "", asn1.RawValue{}, false, fmt.Errorf("invalid content info")
 	}
 	oid, err := asn1OIDString(items[0])
@@ -477,8 +516,8 @@ func parseGBTCertificate(data []byte) (gbtCertificate, error) {
 	}
 	return gbtCertificate{
 		Raw:    cert.Raw,
-		Issuer: cert.Issuer,
-		Serial: cert.Serial,
+		Issuer: cert.RawIssuer,
+		Serial: cert.SerialNumber,
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -509,6 +548,10 @@ func parseGBTSignerInfo(raw asn1.RawValue) (gbtSignerInfo, error) {
 	if !ok || len(items) < 5 {
 		return gbtSignerInfo{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid signer info")
 	}
+	version, err := asn1Integer(items[0])
+	if err != nil || version != 1 {
+		return gbtSignerInfo{}, fmt.Errorf("unsupported signer info version")
+	}
 	issuer, serial, err := parseGBTIssuerAndSerial(items[1])
 	if err != nil {
 		return gbtSignerInfo{}, err
@@ -539,7 +582,16 @@ func parseGBTSignerInfo(raw asn1.RawValue) (gbtSignerInfo, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return gbtSignerInfo{}, err
 	}
+	var unauth asn1.RawValue
+	if len(items) > idx+2 {
+		unauth = items[idx+2]
+		if len(items) != idx+3 || unauth.Class != asn1.ClassContextSpecific || unauth.Tag != 1 || !unauth.IsCompound {
+			return gbtSignerInfo{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid unauthenticated attributes")
+		}
+	}
 	return gbtSignerInfo{
+		Version:      version,
+		UnauthAttrs:  unauth,
 		Issuer:       issuer,
 		Serial:       serial,
 		DigestAlg:    digestAlg,
@@ -587,20 +639,29 @@ func parseGBTMessageDigestAttr(raw asn1.RawValue) ([]byte, error) {
 	if !ok {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid authenticated attributes")
 	}
+	var digest []byte
+	found := false
 	for _, attr := range attrs {
 		items, ok := asn1Children(attr.Bytes)
-		if !ok || len(items) < 2 {
-			continue
+		if !ok || len(items) != 2 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid authenticated attribute")
 		}
 		oid, err := asn1OIDString(items[0])
 		if err != nil || oid != signAttrMessageDigest {
 			continue
 		}
 		values, ok := asn1Children(items[1].Bytes)
-		if !ok || len(values) == 0 {
+		if !ok || len(values) != 1 || found {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid message digest attribute")
 		}
-		return asn1OctetString(values[0])
+		digest, err = asn1OctetString(values[0])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		found = true
+	}
+	if found {
+		return digest, nil
 	}
 	return nil, fmt.Errorf("message digest attribute not found")
 }
diff --git a/ofdgo_sign_policy.go b/ofdgo_sign_policy.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3112f73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_sign_policy.go
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto"
+	"encoding/xml"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"path"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// SignaturePolicy 签名验签策略
+// 空列表不限制已支持的算法或版本, RequiredFiles使用包内绝对路径
+// RequireDocumentCoverage检查OFD.xml、文档目录及已知OFD引用可达的跨目录文件
+// 仅排除当前Signature.xml和SignedValue及签名列表, 外置印章也须有引用摘要
+// 此范围不表示历史修订范围或整个多文档包, 自定义扩展隐含引用应使用RequiredFiles补充
+type SignaturePolicy struct {
+	OFDVersions             []string
+	SESVersions             []int
+	SignedDataVersions      []int
+	DigestMethods           []string
+	SignatureMethods        []string
+	RejectWeakAlgorithms    bool
+	RequiredFiles           []string
+	RequireDocumentCoverage bool
+	RequireTimestamp        bool
+	RequireRevocation       bool
+}
+
+// signaturePolicyRejection 区分策略拒绝与解析失败
+type signaturePolicyRejection struct{ message string }
+
+// Error 返回策略拒绝原因
+// 返回: string 错误信息
+func (e signaturePolicyRejection) Error() string { return e.message }
+
+// rejectSignaturePolicy 构造可识别的策略拒绝错误
+// 入参: format 消息模板, values 模板参数
+// 返回: error 策略错误
+func rejectSignaturePolicy(format string, values ...any) error {
+	return signaturePolicyRejection{message: fmt.Sprintf(format, values...)}
+}
+
+// applySignaturePolicyError 将实际算法策略拒绝记入报告
+// 入参: err 验签错误
+func (report *SignatureVerifyReport) applySignaturePolicyError(err error) {
+	var rejection signaturePolicyRejection
+	if errors.As(err, &rejection) {
+		report.PolicyChecked, report.PolicyOK, report.PolicyError = true, false, rejection.Error()
+	}
+}
+
+// WithSignaturePolicy 设置签名策略
+// 入参: policy 签名策略
+// 返回: SignatureVerifyOption 验签选项
+func WithSignaturePolicy(policy SignaturePolicy) SignatureVerifyOption {
+	policy.OFDVersions = append([]string(nil), policy.OFDVersions...)
+	policy.SESVersions = append([]int(nil), policy.SESVersions...)
+	policy.SignedDataVersions = append([]int(nil), policy.SignedDataVersions...)
+	policy.DigestMethods = append([]string(nil), policy.DigestMethods...)
+	policy.SignatureMethods = append([]string(nil), policy.SignatureMethods...)
+	policy.RequiredFiles = append([]string(nil), policy.RequiredFiles...)
+	return func(o *signatureVerifyOptions) { o.Policy = &policy }
+}
+
+// applySignaturePolicy 应用版本和算法限制
+// 入参: o 验签选项, ofdVersion OFD版本, sesVersion SES版本, method 签名算法, digest 摘要算法
+func (report *SignatureVerifyReport) applySignaturePolicy(o *signatureVerifyOptions, ofdVersion string, sesVersion int, method, digest string) {
+	if o.Policy == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if !report.PolicyChecked {
+		report.PolicyChecked, report.PolicyOK = true, true
+	}
+	p := o.Policy
+	var err error
+	if len(p.OFDVersions) != 0 && !signatureStringAllowed(ofdVersion, p.OFDVersions) {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("OFD version rejected: %s", ofdVersion)
+	}
+	if sesVersion != 0 && len(p.SESVersions) != 0 {
+		allowed := false
+		for _, v := range p.SESVersions {
+			allowed = allowed || v == sesVersion
+		}
+		if !allowed {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("SES version rejected: %d", sesVersion)
+		}
+	}
+	if e := signatureAlgorithmPolicy(p, method, digest); e != nil {
+		err = e
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		report.PolicyOK, report.PolicyError = false, err.Error()
+	}
+}
+
+// signatureAlgorithmPolicy 检查实际签名和摘要算法
+// 入参: p 策略, method 签名算法, digest 摘要算法
+// 返回: error 策略拒绝原因
+func signatureAlgorithmPolicy(p *SignaturePolicy, method, digest string) error {
+	if p == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if len(p.DigestMethods) != 0 {
+		allowed := false
+		for _, v := range p.DigestMethods {
+			allowed = allowed || signatureDigestEquivalent(v, digest)
+		}
+		if !allowed {
+			return rejectSignaturePolicy("digest algorithm rejected: %s", digest)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(p.SignatureMethods) != 0 {
+		allowed := false
+		for _, v := range p.SignatureMethods {
+			allowed = allowed || signatureAlgorithmEquivalent(v, method, digest)
+		}
+		if !allowed {
+			return rejectSignaturePolicy("signature algorithm rejected: %s", method)
+		}
+	}
+	if p.RejectWeakAlgorithms {
+		h, ok := signatureDigestHash(digest)
+		if ok && (h == crypto.MD5 || h == crypto.SHA1) {
+			return rejectSignaturePolicy("weak digest algorithm: %s", digest)
+		}
+		h, err := signatureMethodHash(method, digest)
+		if !isSM2SignatureMethod(method) && err == nil && (h == crypto.MD5 || h == crypto.SHA1) {
+			return rejectSignaturePolicy("weak signature algorithm: %s", method)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// signatureStringAllowed 检查值是否在允许列表中
+// 入参: value 待检查值, values 允许列表
+// 返回: bool 是否允许
+func signatureStringAllowed(value string, values []string) bool {
+	for _, v := range values {
+		if v == value {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// signatureDigestEquivalent 比较摘要算法别名与OID
+// 入参: a 第一算法, b 第二算法
+// 返回: bool 是否为相同算法
+func signatureDigestEquivalent(a, b string) bool {
+	if isSM3DigestMethod(a) && isSM3DigestMethod(b) {
+		return true
+	}
+	x, ok := signatureDigestHash(a)
+	y, ok2 := signatureDigestHash(b)
+	return ok && ok2 && x == y
+}
+
+// signatureAlgorithmEquivalent 比较签名算法别名与OID
+// 入参: a 第一算法, b 第二算法, digest 摘要算法
+// 返回: bool 是否为相同算法
+func signatureAlgorithmEquivalent(a, b, digest string) bool {
+	if isSM2SignatureMethod(a) && isSM2SignatureMethod(b) {
+		return true
+	}
+	if !(isRSASignatureMethod(a) && isRSASignatureMethod(b) || isECDSASignatureMethod(a) && isECDSASignatureMethod(b)) {
+		return false
+	}
+	x, err := signatureMethodHash(a, digest)
+	y, err2 := signatureMethodHash(b, digest)
+	return err == nil && err2 == nil && x == y
+}
+
+// signatureSignerDigest 验证SignerInfo中的摘要与签名算法一致
+// 入参: method 签名算法, digest 摘要算法
+// 返回: error 不一致时的错误
+func signatureSignerDigest(method, digest string) error {
+	if isSM2SignatureMethod(method) {
+		if !isSM3DigestMethod(digest) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("SM2 requires SM3 signer digest")
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	h, err := signatureMethodHash(method, digest)
+	d, ok := signatureDigestHash(digest)
+	if err != nil || !ok || h != d {
+		return fmt.Errorf("signer digest and signature algorithm mismatch")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// applySignatureCoverage 区分引用摘要通过和文档覆盖完整
+// 入参: report 验签报告, listPath 签名列表路径, o 验签选项
+func (r *Reader) applySignatureCoverage(report *SignatureVerifyReport, listPath string, o *signatureVerifyOptions) {
+	covered := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, ref := range report.References {
+		if ref.Checked && ref.OK {
+			covered[r.signatureCoveragePath(ref.Path)] = true
+		}
+	}
+	for name := range covered {
+		report.CoveredFiles = append(report.CoveredFiles, name)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(report.CoveredFiles)
+	if o.Policy == nil || !o.Policy.RequireDocumentCoverage && len(o.Policy.RequiredFiles) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	report.CoverageChecked, report.CoverageOK = true, true
+	required := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, name := range o.Policy.RequiredFiles {
+		required[r.signatureCoveragePath(name)] = true
+	}
+	if o.Policy.RequireDocumentCoverage {
+		required[r.signatureCoveragePath("OFD.xml")] = true
+		excluded := map[string]bool{r.signatureCoveragePath(listPath): true}
+		name := r.signatureCoveragePath(signatureRefPath(listPath, report.BaseLoc))
+		data, err := r.readFile(name)
+		if err != nil {
+			report.CoverageOK = false
+			report.CoverageError = err.Error()
+			return
+		}
+		file, err := parseSignatureFile(data)
+		if err != nil {
+			report.CoverageOK = false
+			report.CoverageError = err.Error()
+			return
+		}
+		excluded[name] = true
+		if file.SignedValue != "" {
+			excluded[r.signatureCoveragePath(signatureRefPath(name, file.SignedValue))] = true
+		}
+		root := path.Dir(r.signatureCoveragePath(o.DocRoot))
+		include := func(name string) {
+			if (root == "." || strings.HasPrefix(name, root+"/")) && !excluded[name] && !strings.HasSuffix(name, "/") {
+				required[name] = true
+			}
+		}
+		for name, file := range r.fileIndex {
+			if !file.FileInfo().IsDir() {
+				include(name)
+			}
+		}
+		for name := range r.files {
+			include(name)
+		}
+		// 可达文件始终必需, 不允许伪装为签名载体后排除
+		if err := r.signatureCoverageReferences(o.DocRoot, required); err != nil {
+			report.CoverageOK, report.CoverageError = false, err.Error()
+		}
+	}
+	for name := range required {
+		if !covered[name] {
+			report.UncoveredFiles = append(report.UncoveredFiles, name)
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(report.UncoveredFiles)
+	report.CoverageOK = report.CoverageOK && len(report.UncoveredFiles) == 0
+}
+
+// signatureCoveragePath 复用阅读器大小写索引获取同一文件身份
+// 入参: name 包内路径
+// 返回: string 实际包内路径
+func (r *Reader) signatureCoveragePath(name string) string {
+	name = cleanPackagePath(name)
+	if actual, ok := r.fileNamesFold[strings.ToLower(name)]; ok {
+		return actual
+	}
+	return name
+}
+
+// signatureCoverageNode 收集OFD结构中的包内路径引用
+type signatureCoverageNode struct {
+	XMLName  xml.Name
+	Attrs    []xml.Attr              `xml:",any,attr"`
+	Text     string                  `xml:",chardata"`
+	Children []signatureCoverageNode `xml:",any"`
+}
+
+// signatureCoverageReferences 收集标准OFD引用的传递闭包且包含跨文档资源
+// 入参: root 文档入口, required 待补充的必需文件集合
+// 返回: error 引用文件无法读取或解析时的错误
+func (r *Reader) signatureCoverageReferences(root string, required map[string]bool) error {
+	queue := []string{r.signatureCoveragePath(root)}
+	seen := make(map[string]bool)
+	for len(queue) != 0 {
+		name := queue[0]
+		queue = queue[1:]
+		if seen[name] {
+			continue
+		}
+		seen[name], required[name] = true, true
+		data, err := r.readFile(name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !bytes.HasPrefix(bytes.TrimSpace(data), []byte("<")) {
+			continue
+		}
+		var node signatureCoverageNode
+		if err := xml.Unmarshal(data, &node); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("coverage XML %s: %w", name, err)
+		}
+		base := ""
+		if node.XMLName.Local == "Res" {
+			for _, attr := range node.Attrs {
+				if attr.Name.Local == "BaseLoc" {
+					base = attr.Value
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		add := func(loc string, resource bool) {
+			if strings.TrimSpace(loc) == "" {
+				return
+			}
+			resBase := ""
+			if resource {
+				resBase = base
+			}
+			resolved := r.signatureCoveragePath(resolveResourcePath(name, resBase, loc))
+			required[resolved] = true
+			if !seen[resolved] {
+				queue = append(queue, resolved)
+			}
+		}
+		var walk func(signatureCoverageNode)
+		walk = func(current signatureCoverageNode) {
+			kind := current.XMLName.Local
+			if kind == "Signatures" || kind == "Signature" {
+				return
+			}
+			for _, attr := range current.Attrs {
+				if attr.Name.Local == "BaseLoc" && kind != "Res" || attr.Name.Local == "Link" && kind == "DrawParam" {
+					add(attr.Value, node.XMLName.Local == "Res")
+				}
+			}
+			switch kind {
+			case "PublicRes", "DocumentRes", "PageRes", "Annotations", "Attachments", "CustomTags", "Extensions", "FileLoc", "SchemaLoc":
+				add(current.Text, false)
+			case "FontFile", "MediaFile", "Profile":
+				add(current.Text, true)
+			}
+			for _, child := range current.Children {
+				walk(child)
+			}
+		}
+		walk(node)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/ofdgo_sign_revocation.go b/ofdgo_sign_revocation.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0133423
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_sign_revocation.go
@@ -0,0 +1,435 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"crypto/x509/pkix"
+	"encoding/asn1"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/smx509"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ocsp"
+)
+
+// SignatureRevocationEvidence 离线吊销证据
+type SignatureRevocationEvidence struct {
+	CRLs          [][]byte
+	OCSPResponses [][]byte
+}
+
+// SignatureRevocationRequest 外部吊销证据请求
+type SignatureRevocationRequest struct {
+	Certificate []byte
+	Issuer      []byte
+	VerifyTime  time.Time
+}
+
+// SignatureRevocationOptions 离线吊销检查选项
+// 检查签署者及制章者证书, 不代表整条证书链或TSA的吊销状态
+// Fetch仅提供DER证据, 本库不主动联网, 缺少NextUpdate时必须显式设置MaxAge
+// VerifyTime缺省取验签指定时间或当前时间, 不采用签名自报时间
+type SignatureRevocationOptions struct {
+	SignatureRevocationEvidence
+	Certificates [][]byte
+	Fetch        func(SignatureRevocationRequest) (SignatureRevocationEvidence, error)
+	Required     bool
+	VerifyTime   *time.Time
+	MaxAge       time.Duration
+}
+
+// SignatureRevocationReport 单张证书吊销检查结果
+// Checked仅表示已取得经验证的状态结论, OK仅在状态为good时为true
+type SignatureRevocationReport struct {
+	Certificate SignatureCertInfo
+	Source      string
+	Status      string
+	Checked     bool
+	OK          bool
+	ThisUpdate  time.Time
+	NextUpdate  time.Time
+	RevokedAt   time.Time
+	Error       string
+}
+
+// WithSignatureRevocation 设置离线吊销证据检查
+// 入参: options 吊销选项
+// 返回: SignatureVerifyOption 验签选项
+func WithSignatureRevocation(options SignatureRevocationOptions) SignatureVerifyOption {
+	options.CRLs = cloneSignatureEvidence(options.CRLs)
+	options.OCSPResponses = cloneSignatureEvidence(options.OCSPResponses)
+	options.Certificates = appendSignatureCerts(nil, options.Certificates...)
+	if options.VerifyTime != nil {
+		t := *options.VerifyTime
+		options.VerifyTime = &t
+	}
+	return func(o *signatureVerifyOptions) { o.Revocation = &options }
+}
+
+// VerifySignatureRevocation 验证单张证书的离线吊销证据
+// 入参: cert 证书DER, issuer 直接颁发者DER, options 吊销选项
+// 返回: SignatureRevocationReport 验证结果
+func VerifySignatureRevocation(cert, issuer []byte, options SignatureRevocationOptions) SignatureRevocationReport {
+	result := SignatureRevocationReport{Certificate: signatureCertInfo(cert), Status: "unknown"}
+	c, err := parseSignatureCertificate(cert)
+	if err != nil {
+		result.Error = err.Error()
+		return result
+	}
+	i, err := parseSignatureCertificate(issuer)
+	if err != nil || !i.IsCA || i.KeyUsage != 0 && i.KeyUsage&smx509.KeyUsageCertSign == 0 || !bytes.Equal(c.RawIssuer, i.RawSubject) {
+		result.Error = "invalid revocation issuer"
+		return result
+	}
+	valid, err := verifyCertificateSignature(c, issuer)
+	if err != nil || !valid {
+		result.Error = "certificate issuer signature mismatch"
+		return result
+	}
+	at := time.Now()
+	if options.VerifyTime != nil {
+		at = *options.VerifyTime
+	}
+	if !timeInRange(at, i.NotBefore, i.NotAfter) || len(i.UnhandledCriticalExtensions) != 0 {
+		result.Error = "invalid revocation issuer validity"
+		return result
+	}
+	evidence := options.SignatureRevocationEvidence
+	if options.Fetch != nil {
+		fetched, err := options.Fetch(SignatureRevocationRequest{Certificate: bytes.Clone(cert), Issuer: bytes.Clone(issuer), VerifyTime: at})
+		if err != nil {
+			result.Error = err.Error()
+			return result
+		}
+		evidence.CRLs = append(cloneSignatureEvidence(evidence.CRLs), fetched.CRLs...)
+		evidence.OCSPResponses = append(cloneSignatureEvidence(evidence.OCSPResponses), fetched.OCSPResponses...)
+	}
+	var good *SignatureRevocationReport
+	for _, raw := range evidence.CRLs {
+		item := verifySignatureCRL(raw, cert, issuer, at, options.MaxAge)
+		if item.Checked && item.Status == "revoked" {
+			return item
+		}
+		if item.OK {
+			copy := item
+			good = &copy
+		} else if item.Error != "" {
+			result.Error = item.Error
+		}
+	}
+	for _, raw := range evidence.OCSPResponses {
+		item := verifySignatureOCSP(raw, cert, issuer, at, options.MaxAge)
+		if item.Checked && item.Status == "revoked" {
+			return item
+		}
+		if item.OK {
+			copy := item
+			good = &copy
+		} else if item.Error != "" {
+			result.Error = item.Error
+		}
+		if item.Checked && item.Status == "unknown" && !result.Checked {
+			result = item
+		}
+	}
+	if good != nil {
+		return *good
+	}
+	if result.Error == "" {
+		result.Error = "usable revocation evidence not found"
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// signatureEvidenceFresh 检查证据时间窗口及最大年龄
+// 入参: thisUpdate 生效时间, nextUpdate 下次更新时间, at 验证时间, maxAge 最大年龄
+// 返回: bool 证据是否新鲜
+func signatureEvidenceFresh(thisUpdate, nextUpdate, at time.Time, maxAge time.Duration) bool {
+	if thisUpdate.IsZero() || thisUpdate.After(at) || maxAge < 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	if maxAge > 0 && at.Sub(thisUpdate) > maxAge {
+		return false
+	}
+	if nextUpdate.IsZero() {
+		return maxAge > 0
+	}
+	return nextUpdate.After(thisUpdate) && at.Before(nextUpdate)
+}
+
+// verifySignatureCRL 验证直接完整CRL及目标序列号
+// 入参: raw CRL字节, cert 证书, issuer 颁发者, at 验证时间, maxAge 最大年龄
+// 返回: SignatureRevocationReport 吊销结果
+func verifySignatureCRL(raw, cert, issuer []byte, at time.Time, maxAge time.Duration) (result SignatureRevocationReport) {
+	result = SignatureRevocationReport{Certificate: signatureCertInfo(cert), Source: "CRL", Status: "unknown"}
+	err := func() error {
+		crl, err := smx509.ParseRevocationList(raw)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		parent, err := parseSignatureCertificate(issuer)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !bytes.Equal(crl.RawIssuer, parent.RawSubject) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("CRL issuer mismatch")
+		}
+		if len(crl.AuthorityKeyId) != 0 && !bytes.Equal(crl.AuthorityKeyId, parent.SubjectKeyId) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("CRL authority key mismatch")
+		}
+		if err := crl.CheckSignatureFrom(parent); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		for _, ext := range crl.Extensions {
+			if ext.Id.String() == "2.5.29.27" || ext.Id.String() == "2.5.29.28" {
+				return fmt.Errorf("delta or scoped CRL not supported")
+			}
+			if ext.Critical {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unsupported critical CRL extension")
+			}
+		}
+		result.ThisUpdate, result.NextUpdate = crl.ThisUpdate, crl.NextUpdate
+		if !signatureEvidenceFresh(crl.ThisUpdate, crl.NextUpdate, at, maxAge) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("stale or future CRL")
+		}
+		c, err := parseSignatureCertificate(cert)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		for _, entry := range crl.RevokedCertificateEntries {
+			for _, ext := range entry.Extensions {
+				if ext.Critical || ext.Id.String() == "2.5.29.29" {
+					return fmt.Errorf("unsupported CRL entry extension")
+				}
+			}
+			if entry.SerialNumber.Cmp(c.SerialNumber) == 0 {
+				if entry.ReasonCode == 8 {
+					return fmt.Errorf("removeFromCRL requires delta processing")
+				}
+				if entry.RevocationTime.After(crl.ThisUpdate) {
+					return fmt.Errorf("CRL revocation time is in the future")
+				}
+				result.Checked, result.Status, result.RevokedAt = true, "revoked", entry.RevocationTime
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		result.Checked, result.OK, result.Status = true, true, "good"
+		return nil
+	}()
+	if err != nil {
+		result.Error = err.Error()
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// verifySignatureOCSP 验证OCSP签名、授权、颁发者绑定及状态
+// 入参: raw 响应DER, cert 证书, issuer 颁发者, at 验证时间, maxAge 最大年龄
+// 返回: SignatureRevocationReport 吊销结果
+func verifySignatureOCSP(raw, cert, issuer []byte, at time.Time, maxAge time.Duration) (result SignatureRevocationReport) {
+	result = SignatureRevocationReport{Certificate: signatureCertInfo(cert), Source: "OCSP", Status: "unknown"}
+	err := func() error {
+		c, err := x509.ParseCertificate(cert)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unsupported OCSP certificate: %w", err)
+		}
+		parent, err := x509.ParseCertificate(issuer)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		response, err := ocsp.ParseResponseForCert(raw, c, parent)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := verifyOCSPCertID(response.TBSResponseData, c, parent, response.IssuerHash); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		responder := parent
+		if response.Certificate != nil && !bytes.Equal(response.Certificate.Raw, parent.Raw) {
+			responder = response.Certificate
+			if !bytes.Equal(responder.RawIssuer, parent.RawSubject) || responder.CheckSignatureFrom(parent) != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("OCSP responder is not issued by certificate issuer")
+			}
+			allowed := false
+			for _, usage := range responder.ExtKeyUsage {
+				allowed = allowed || usage == x509.ExtKeyUsageOCSPSigning
+			}
+			if !allowed || responder.KeyUsage != 0 && responder.KeyUsage&x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature == 0 {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unauthorized OCSP responder")
+			}
+		}
+		if len(responder.UnhandledCriticalExtensions) != 0 || !timeInRange(at, responder.NotBefore, responder.NotAfter) || !timeInRange(response.ProducedAt, responder.NotBefore, responder.NotAfter) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("OCSP responder certificate not valid")
+		}
+		if len(response.RawResponderName) != 0 && !bytes.Equal(response.RawResponderName, responder.RawSubject) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("OCSP responder name mismatch")
+		}
+		if len(response.ResponderKeyHash) != 0 {
+			var spki struct {
+				Algorithm pkix.AlgorithmIdentifier
+				Key       asn1.BitString
+			}
+			if _, err := asn1.Unmarshal(responder.RawSubjectPublicKeyInfo, &spki); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if !bytes.Equal(response.ResponderKeyHash, signatureHashBytes(crypto.SHA1, spki.Key.Bytes)) {
+				return fmt.Errorf("OCSP responder key mismatch")
+			}
+		}
+		result.ThisUpdate, result.NextUpdate, result.RevokedAt = response.ThisUpdate, response.NextUpdate, response.RevokedAt
+		if !signatureEvidenceFresh(response.ThisUpdate, response.NextUpdate, at, maxAge) || response.ProducedAt.After(at) || response.ProducedAt.Before(response.ThisUpdate) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("stale or future OCSP response")
+		}
+		switch response.Status {
+		case ocsp.Good:
+			result.Checked, result.OK, result.Status = true, true, "good"
+		case ocsp.Revoked:
+			if response.RevokedAt.IsZero() || response.RevokedAt.After(response.ThisUpdate) {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid OCSP revocation time")
+			}
+			result.Checked, result.Status = true, "revoked"
+		case ocsp.Unknown:
+			result.Checked = true
+		default:
+			return fmt.Errorf("unsupported OCSP status")
+		}
+		return nil
+	}()
+	if err != nil {
+		result.Error = err.Error()
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// verifyOCSPCertID 补充校验x/crypto未验证的颁发者摘要和重复CertID
+// 入参: tbs 响应待签名数据, cert 证书, issuer 颁发者, hash CertID摘要算法
+// 返回: error 绑定错误
+func verifyOCSPCertID(tbs []byte, cert, issuer *x509.Certificate, hash crypto.Hash) error {
+	var data struct {
+		Version    int `asn1:"optional,explicit,tag:0"`
+		Responder  asn1.RawValue
+		ProducedAt time.Time `asn1:"generalized"`
+		Responses  []asn1.RawValue
+		Extensions []pkix.Extension `asn1:"optional,explicit,tag:1"`
+	}
+	rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(tbs, &data)
+	if err != nil || len(rest) != 0 || data.Version != 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid OCSP response data")
+	}
+	for _, ext := range data.Extensions {
+		if ext.Critical {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unsupported critical OCSP extension")
+		}
+	}
+	var spki struct {
+		Algorithm pkix.AlgorithmIdentifier
+		Key       asn1.BitString
+	}
+	if _, err := asn1.Unmarshal(issuer.RawSubjectPublicKeyInfo, &spki); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	matched := 0
+	for _, raw := range data.Responses {
+		fields, ok := asn1Children(raw.Bytes)
+		if !ok || len(fields) < 3 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid OCSP single response")
+		}
+		id, ok := asn1Children(fields[0].Bytes)
+		if !ok || len(id) != 4 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid OCSP CertID")
+		}
+		serial, err := asn1IntegerBig(id[3])
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if serial.Cmp(cert.SerialNumber) != 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		matched++
+		nameHash, err := asn1OctetString(id[1])
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		keyHash, err := asn1OctetString(id[2])
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !bytes.Equal(nameHash, signatureHashBytes(hash, issuer.RawSubject)) || !bytes.Equal(keyHash, signatureHashBytes(hash, spki.Key.Bytes)) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("OCSP issuer hash mismatch")
+		}
+	}
+	if matched != 1 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("ambiguous OCSP certificate status")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// applySignatureRevocation 检查签署者及制章者的离线吊销证据
+// 入参: o 验签选项, certs 目标证书, extra 辅助证书
+func (report *SignatureVerifyReport) applySignatureRevocation(o *signatureVerifyOptions, certs, extra [][]byte) {
+	var options SignatureRevocationOptions
+	if o.Revocation != nil {
+		options = *o.Revocation
+	}
+	if o.Policy != nil {
+		options.Required = options.Required || o.Policy.RequireRevocation
+	}
+	if o.Revocation == nil && !options.Required {
+		return
+	}
+	at := time.Now()
+	if o.VerifyTime != nil {
+		at = *o.VerifyTime
+	}
+	if options.VerifyTime != nil {
+		at = *options.VerifyTime
+	}
+	options.VerifyTime = &at
+	pool := appendSignatureCerts(nil, options.Certificates...)
+	pool = append(pool, extra...)
+	pool = append(pool, o.SignCerts...)
+	pool = append(pool, o.TrustCerts...)
+	pool = compactSignatureCerts(pool)
+	for _, raw := range compactSignatureCerts(certs) {
+		result := SignatureRevocationReport{Certificate: signatureCertInfo(raw), Status: "unknown", Error: "revocation issuer not found"}
+		cert, err := parseSignatureCertificate(raw)
+		if err == nil {
+			for _, issuerRaw := range pool {
+				issuer, err := parseSignatureCertificate(issuerRaw)
+				if err != nil || !bytes.Equal(cert.RawIssuer, issuer.RawSubject) {
+					continue
+				}
+				ok, err := verifyCertificateSignature(cert, issuerRaw)
+				if err != nil || !ok {
+					continue
+				}
+				result = VerifySignatureRevocation(raw, issuerRaw, options)
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		report.Revocations = append(report.Revocations, result)
+	}
+	if len(report.Revocations) != 0 {
+		report.RevocationChecked, report.RevocationOK = true, true
+		for _, result := range report.Revocations {
+			report.RevocationOK = report.RevocationOK && result.Checked && result.OK
+		}
+	}
+	if options.Required && !report.RevocationChecked {
+		report.PolicyChecked, report.PolicyOK, report.PolicyError = true, false, "required revocation evidence missing"
+	}
+}
diff --git a/ofdgo_sign_ses.go b/ofdgo_sign_ses.go
index 619961b..61689e4 100644
--- a/ofdgo_sign_ses.go
+++ b/ofdgo_sign_ses.go
@@ -16,11 +16,14 @@ package ofdgo
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
 	"encoding/asn1"
 	"fmt"
-	"math/big"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
+
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/sm2"
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/sm3"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -30,14 +33,12 @@ const (
 	signMethodSM2SM3   = "1.2.156.10197.1.501"
 	signMethodSM2SM3B  = "1.2.156.10197.501"
 	signMethodSM2Sign  = "1.2.156.10197.1.301.1"
-	signCurveSM2P256   = "1.2.156.10197.1.301"
-	signECPublicKey    = "1.2.840.10045.2.1"
 	signASN1Sequence   = 16
-	signPublicKeySize  = 65
 )
 
 // sesSignature SES签章值
 type sesSignature struct {
+	Timestamp []byte
 	ToSign    []byte
 	Cert      []byte
 	SignAlg   string
@@ -49,15 +50,16 @@ type sesSignature struct {
 
 // sesSeal SES电子印章
 type sesSeal struct {
-	Raw       []byte
-	SignData  []byte
-	Cert      []byte
-	SignAlg   string
-	Signature []byte
-	PicType   string
-	PicData   []byte
-	CertList  sesCertList
-	Info      SignatureSealInfo
+	TimestampRaw []byte
+	Raw          []byte
+	SignData     []byte
+	Cert         []byte
+	SignAlg      string
+	Signature    []byte
+	PicType      string
+	PicData      []byte
+	CertList     sesCertList
+	Info         SignatureSealInfo
 }
 
 // sesCertList SES印章证书列表
@@ -74,6 +76,8 @@ type sesCertDigest struct {
 
 // sesVerifyResult SES签章验证结果
 type sesVerifyResult struct {
+	SignatureMethod string
+	Timestamps      []signatureTimestampEvidence
 	DataHashChecked bool
 	DataHashOK      bool
 	SignedChecked   bool
@@ -147,7 +151,22 @@ func parseSESSignature(data []byte) (*sesSignature, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	if version != 4 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported ses version: %d", version)
+	}
+	var timestamp []byte
+	if len(items) == 5 {
+		value, parseErr := asn1Explicit(items[4])
+		if parseErr != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid ses timestamp tag: %w", parseErr)
+		}
+		timestamp, err = asn1BitStringBytes(value)
+		if err != nil || len(timestamp) == 0 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid ses timestamp")
+		}
+	}
 	return &sesSignature{
+		Timestamp: timestamp,
 		ToSign:    append([]byte(nil), items[0].FullBytes...),
 		Cert:      cert,
 		SignAlg:   alg,
@@ -175,7 +194,7 @@ func parseSESSignatureV1(items []asn1.RawValue) (*sesSignature, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	version, err := asn1Integer(tbsItems[0])
-	if err != nil || version != seal.Info.Version {
+	if err != nil || version != seal.Info.Version || version != 1 {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid ses version")
 	}
 	signatureTime := parseSESSignatureTimeV1(tbsItems[2])
@@ -233,7 +252,16 @@ func verifySESSignature(data, signedData []byte, options *signatureVerifyOptions
 	if !isSM2SignatureMethod(sig.SignAlg) || !isSM2SignatureMethod(sig.Seal.SignAlg) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported signature method")
 	}
+	for _, method := range []string{sig.SignAlg, sig.Seal.SignAlg} {
+		if err := signatureAlgorithmPolicy(options.Policy, method, "SM3"); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
 	result := &sesVerifyResult{}
+	result.SignatureMethod = sig.SignAlg
+	if len(sig.Timestamp) != 0 {
+		result.Timestamps = append(result.Timestamps, signatureTimestampEvidence{Token: sig.Timestamp, Data: sig.Signature})
+	}
 	result.SignCert = signatureCertInfo(sig.Cert)
 	result.SealCert = signatureCertInfo(sig.Seal.Cert)
 	result.SignCertRaw = sig.Cert
@@ -255,9 +283,9 @@ func verifySESSignature(data, signedData []byte, options *signatureVerifyOptions
 		return result, err
 	}
 	result.SignedChecked = true
-	result.SignedOK = sm2VerifySignature(signPub, nil, sig.ToSign, sig.Signature)
+	result.SignedOK = verifySM2Signature(signPub, nil, sig.ToSign, sig.Signature)
 	result.SealChecked = true
-	result.SealOK = sm2VerifySignature(sealPub, nil, sig.Seal.SignData, sig.Seal.Signature)
+	result.SealOK = verifySM2Signature(sealPub, nil, sig.Seal.SignData, sig.Seal.Signature)
 	result.CertChecked = true
 	result.CertOK = sesCertInList(sig.Cert, sig.Seal.CertList)
 	return result, nil
@@ -297,20 +325,29 @@ func parseSESSeal(raw asn1.RawValue) (*sesSeal, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	var timestampRaw []byte
+	if len(items) == 5 {
+		if info.Version != 5 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected timestamp in ses seal version %d", info.Version)
+		}
+		// V5仅保留解析能力, 不将未验证的制章时间戳当作可信时间
+		timestampRaw = append([]byte(nil), items[4].FullBytes...)
+	}
 	picType, picData, err := parseSESPicture(infoItems[3])
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	return &sesSeal{
-		Raw:       append([]byte(nil), raw.FullBytes...),
-		SignData:  append([]byte(nil), items[0].FullBytes...),
-		Cert:      cert,
-		SignAlg:   alg,
-		Signature: signature,
-		PicType:   picType,
-		PicData:   picData,
-		CertList:  certList,
-		Info:      info,
+		TimestampRaw: timestampRaw,
+		Raw:          append([]byte(nil), raw.FullBytes...),
+		SignData:     append([]byte(nil), items[0].FullBytes...),
+		Cert:         cert,
+		SignAlg:      alg,
+		Signature:    signature,
+		PicType:      picType,
+		PicData:      picData,
+		CertList:     certList,
+		Info:         info,
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -531,62 +568,25 @@ func parseSESPicture(raw asn1.RawValue) (string, []byte, error) {
 
 // parseSM2PublicKeyFromCert 从证书解析SM2公钥
 // 入参: data DER编码证书
-// 返回: sm2PublicKey SM2公钥, error 错误信息
-func parseSM2PublicKeyFromCert(data []byte) (sm2PublicKey, error) {
+// 返回: *ecdsa.PublicKey SM2公钥, error 错误信息
+func parseSM2PublicKeyFromCert(data []byte) (*ecdsa.PublicKey, error) {
 	cert, err := parseSignatureCertificate(data)
 	if err != nil {
-		return sm2PublicKey{}, err
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	return parseSM2PublicKeyInfo(cert.PublicKey)
-}
-
-// parseSM2PublicKeyInfo 解析SM2公钥信息
-// 入参: raw SubjectPublicKeyInfo原始值
-// 返回: sm2PublicKey SM2公钥, error 错误信息
-func parseSM2PublicKeyInfo(raw asn1.RawValue) (sm2PublicKey, error) {
-	var spki struct {
-		Algorithm        asn1.RawValue
-		SubjectPublicKey asn1.BitString
+	pub, ok := cert.PublicKey.(*ecdsa.PublicKey)
+	if !ok || !sm2.IsSM2PublicKey(pub) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("SM2 public key required")
 	}
-	rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(raw.FullBytes, &spki)
-	if err != nil {
-		return sm2PublicKey{}, err
-	}
-	if len(rest) != 0 {
-		return sm2PublicKey{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid subject public key info")
-	}
-	algItems, ok := asn1Children(spki.Algorithm.Bytes)
-	if !ok || len(algItems) < 2 {
-		return sm2PublicKey{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid public key algorithm")
-	}
-	alg, err := asn1OIDString(algItems[0])
-	if err != nil {
-		return sm2PublicKey{}, err
-	}
-	curve, err := asn1OIDString(algItems[1])
-	if err != nil {
-		return sm2PublicKey{}, err
-	}
-	if alg != signECPublicKey || curve != signCurveSM2P256 {
-		return sm2PublicKey{}, fmt.Errorf("unsupported public key algorithm")
-	}
-	key := spki.SubjectPublicKey.Bytes
-	if len(key) != signPublicKeySize || key[0] != 4 {
-		return sm2PublicKey{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid sm2 public key")
-	}
-	return sm2PublicKey{
-		X: new(big.Int).SetBytes(key[1:33]),
-		Y: new(big.Int).SetBytes(key[33:65]),
-	}, nil
+	return pub, nil
 }
 
 // signSM3 计算SM3摘要
 // 入参: data 原文数据
 // 返回: []byte 摘要值
 func signSM3(data []byte) []byte {
-	h := newSM3()
-	h.Write(data)
-	return h.Sum(nil)
+	digest := sm3.Sum(data)
+	return digest[:]
 }
 
 // isSM2SignatureMethod 判断是否为SM2签名算法
diff --git a/ofdgo_sign_sm2.go b/ofdgo_sign_sm2.go
deleted file mode 100644
index d55ce83..0000000
--- a/ofdgo_sign_sm2.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,326 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package ofdgo
-
-import (
-	"encoding/asn1"
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"math/big"
-)
-
-const sm2DefaultUserID = "1234567812345678"
-
-var sm2P256 = newSM2P256()
-
-// sm2PublicKey SM2公钥
-type sm2PublicKey struct {
-	X *big.Int
-	Y *big.Int
-}
-
-// sm2Curve SM2椭圆曲线
-type sm2Curve struct {
-	P  *big.Int
-	N  *big.Int
-	B  *big.Int
-	Gx *big.Int
-	Gy *big.Int
-}
-
-// sm2Point SM2雅可比坐标点
-type sm2Point struct {
-	X *big.Int
-	Y *big.Int
-	Z *big.Int
-}
-
-// newSM2P256 创建SM2椭圆曲线
-// 返回: *sm2Curve SM2椭圆曲线
-func newSM2P256() *sm2Curve {
-	return &sm2Curve{
-		P:  sm2Big("FFFFFFFEFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF00000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF"),
-		N:  sm2Big("FFFFFFFEFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF7203DF6B21C6052B53BBF40939D54123"),
-		B:  sm2Big("28E9FA9E9D9F5E344D5A9E4BCF6509A7F39789F515AB8F92DDBCBD414D940E93"),
-		Gx: sm2Big("32C4AE2C1F1981195F9904466A39C9948FE30BBFF2660BE1715A4589334C74C7"),
-		Gy: sm2Big("BC3736A2F4F6779C59BDCEE36B692153D0A9877CC62A474002DF32E52139F0A0"),
-	}
-}
-
-// sm2Big 解析SM2大整数常量
-// 入参: s 十六进制字符串
-// 返回: *big.Int 大整数
-func sm2Big(s string) *big.Int {
-	n, _ := new(big.Int).SetString(s, 16)
-	return n
-}
-
-// sm2VerifySignature 验证SM2签名值
-// 入参: pub 公钥, userID 用户标识, msg 原文, sig 签名值
-// 返回: bool 是否验证通过
-func sm2VerifySignature(pub sm2PublicKey, userID, msg, sig []byte) bool {
-	r, s, ok := parseSM2Signature(sig)
-	if !ok {
-		return false
-	}
-	return sm2Verify(pub, userID, msg, r, s)
-}
-
-// parseSM2Signature 解析SM2签名值
-// 入参: sig 签名值
-// 返回: *big.Int R值, *big.Int S值, bool 是否解析成功
-func parseSM2Signature(sig []byte) (*big.Int, *big.Int, bool) {
-	if len(sig) == 64 {
-		return new(big.Int).SetBytes(sig[:32]), new(big.Int).SetBytes(sig[32:]), true
-	}
-	var rs struct {
-		R *big.Int
-		S *big.Int
-	}
-	rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(sig, &rs)
-	if err != nil || len(rest) != 0 || rs.R == nil || rs.S == nil {
-		return nil, nil, false
-	}
-	return rs.R, rs.S, true
-}
-
-// sm2Verify 验证SM2签名
-// 入参: pub 公钥, userID 用户标识, msg 原文, r R值, s S值
-// 返回: bool 是否验证通过
-func sm2Verify(pub sm2PublicKey, userID, msg []byte, r, s *big.Int) bool {
-	n := sm2P256.N
-	if r.Sign() <= 0 || s.Sign() <= 0 || r.Cmp(n) >= 0 || s.Cmp(n) >= 0 {
-		return false
-	}
-	if pub.X == nil || pub.Y == nil || !sm2P256.isOnCurve(pub.X, pub.Y) {
-		return false
-	}
-	e := new(big.Int).SetBytes(sm2MessageDigest(pub, userID, msg))
-	t := new(big.Int).Add(r, s)
-	t.Mod(t, n)
-	if t.Sign() == 0 {
-		return false
-	}
-	x, ok := sm2P256.combinedMult(pub.X, pub.Y, s, t)
-	if !ok {
-		return false
-	}
-	v := new(big.Int).Add(e, x)
-	v.Mod(v, n)
-	return v.Cmp(r) == 0
-}
-
-// sm2MessageDigest 计算SM2签名摘要
-// 入参: pub 公钥, userID 用户标识, msg 原文
-// 返回: []byte 摘要值
-func sm2MessageDigest(pub sm2PublicKey, userID, msg []byte) []byte {
-	h := newSM3()
-	h.Write(sm2ZA(pub, userID))
-	h.Write(msg)
-	return h.Sum(nil)
-}
-
-// sm2ZA 计算SM2用户标识杂凑值
-// 入参: pub 公钥, userID 用户标识
-// 返回: []byte ZA值
-func sm2ZA(pub sm2PublicKey, userID []byte) []byte {
-	if len(userID) == 0 {
-		userID = []byte(sm2DefaultUserID)
-	}
-	h := newSM3()
-	var entl [2]byte
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(entl[:], uint16(len(userID)*8))
-	h.Write(entl[:])
-	h.Write(userID)
-	h.Write(sm2Fixed(sm2A()))
-	h.Write(sm2Fixed(sm2P256.B))
-	h.Write(sm2Fixed(sm2P256.Gx))
-	h.Write(sm2Fixed(sm2P256.Gy))
-	h.Write(sm2Fixed(pub.X))
-	h.Write(sm2Fixed(pub.Y))
-	return h.Sum(nil)
-}
-
-// sm2A 获取SM2曲线A参数
-// 返回: *big.Int 曲线A参数
-func sm2A() *big.Int {
-	return new(big.Int).Sub(sm2P256.P, big.NewInt(3))
-}
-
-// isOnCurve 判断点是否位于SM2曲线
-// 入参: x X坐标, y Y坐标
-// 返回: bool 是否位于曲线
-func (c *sm2Curve) isOnCurve(x, y *big.Int) bool {
-	if x.Sign() < 0 || y.Sign() < 0 || x.Cmp(c.P) >= 0 || y.Cmp(c.P) >= 0 {
-		return false
-	}
-	left := c.fieldSquare(y)
-	right := c.fieldAdd(c.fieldSub(c.fieldMul(c.fieldSquare(x), x), c.fieldScale(x, 3)), c.B)
-	return left.Cmp(right) == 0
-}
-
-// combinedMult 计算sG+tP
-// 入参: x 公钥X坐标, y 公钥Y坐标, s 标量S, t 标量T
-// 返回: *big.Int 结果X坐标, bool 是否计算成功
-func (c *sm2Curve) combinedMult(x, y, s, t *big.Int) (*big.Int, bool) {
-	base := c.scalarMult(c.Gx, c.Gy, s.Bytes())
-	public := c.scalarMult(x, y, t.Bytes())
-	result := c.add(base, public)
-	affineX, _, ok := c.affine(result)
-	return affineX, ok
-}
-
-// scalarMult 计算椭圆曲线标量乘法
-// 入参: x 点X坐标, y 点Y坐标, scalar 标量
-// 返回: sm2Point 雅可比坐标点
-func (c *sm2Curve) scalarMult(x, y *big.Int, scalar []byte) sm2Point {
-	result := c.infinity()
-	point := sm2Point{X: new(big.Int).Set(x), Y: new(big.Int).Set(y), Z: big.NewInt(1)}
-	for _, value := range scalar {
-		for bit := 7; bit >= 0; bit-- {
-			result = c.double(result)
-			if value&(1<<uint(bit)) != 0 {
-				result = c.add(result, point)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return result
-}
-
-// add 计算椭圆曲线点加法
-// 入参: p 点P, q 点Q
-// 返回: sm2Point 结果点
-func (c *sm2Curve) add(p, q sm2Point) sm2Point {
-	if p.Z.Sign() == 0 {
-		return q
-	}
-	if q.Z.Sign() == 0 {
-		return p
-	}
-	z1z1 := c.fieldSquare(p.Z)
-	z2z2 := c.fieldSquare(q.Z)
-	u1 := c.fieldMul(p.X, z2z2)
-	u2 := c.fieldMul(q.X, z1z1)
-	s1 := c.fieldMul(p.Y, c.fieldMul(q.Z, z2z2))
-	s2 := c.fieldMul(q.Y, c.fieldMul(p.Z, z1z1))
-	if u1.Cmp(u2) == 0 {
-		if s1.Cmp(s2) != 0 {
-			return c.infinity()
-		}
-		return c.double(p)
-	}
-	h := c.fieldSub(u2, u1)
-	i := c.fieldSquare(c.fieldScale(h, 2))
-	j := c.fieldMul(h, i)
-	r := c.fieldScale(c.fieldSub(s2, s1), 2)
-	v := c.fieldMul(u1, i)
-	x := c.fieldSub(c.fieldSub(c.fieldSquare(r), j), c.fieldScale(v, 2))
-	y := c.fieldSub(c.fieldMul(r, c.fieldSub(v, x)), c.fieldScale(c.fieldMul(s1, j), 2))
-	z := c.fieldMul(c.fieldSub(c.fieldSub(c.fieldSquare(c.fieldAdd(p.Z, q.Z)), z1z1), z2z2), h)
-	return sm2Point{X: x, Y: y, Z: z}
-}
-
-// double 计算椭圆曲线点倍加
-// 入参: p 点P
-// 返回: sm2Point 结果点
-func (c *sm2Curve) double(p sm2Point) sm2Point {
-	if p.Z.Sign() == 0 || p.Y.Sign() == 0 {
-		return c.infinity()
-	}
-	delta := c.fieldSquare(p.Z)
-	gamma := c.fieldSquare(p.Y)
-	beta := c.fieldMul(p.X, gamma)
-	alpha := c.fieldScale(c.fieldMul(c.fieldSub(p.X, delta), c.fieldAdd(p.X, delta)), 3)
-	x := c.fieldSub(c.fieldSquare(alpha), c.fieldScale(beta, 8))
-	z := c.fieldSub(c.fieldSub(c.fieldSquare(c.fieldAdd(p.Y, p.Z)), gamma), delta)
-	y := c.fieldSub(c.fieldMul(alpha, c.fieldSub(c.fieldScale(beta, 4), x)), c.fieldScale(c.fieldSquare(gamma), 8))
-	return sm2Point{X: x, Y: y, Z: z}
-}
-
-// affine 将雅可比坐标转换为仿射坐标
-// 入参: p 雅可比坐标点
-// 返回: *big.Int X坐标, *big.Int Y坐标, bool 是否转换成功
-func (c *sm2Curve) affine(p sm2Point) (*big.Int, *big.Int, bool) {
-	if p.Z.Sign() == 0 {
-		return nil, nil, false
-	}
-	z := new(big.Int).ModInverse(p.Z, c.P)
-	if z == nil {
-		return nil, nil, false
-	}
-	z2 := c.fieldSquare(z)
-	x := c.fieldMul(p.X, z2)
-	y := c.fieldMul(p.Y, c.fieldMul(z2, z))
-	return x, y, true
-}
-
-// infinity 获取无穷远点
-// 返回: sm2Point 无穷远点
-func (c *sm2Curve) infinity() sm2Point {
-	return sm2Point{X: new(big.Int), Y: new(big.Int), Z: new(big.Int)}
-}
-
-// fieldAdd 计算有限域加法
-// 入参: x 左操作数, y 右操作数
-// 返回: *big.Int 计算结果
-func (c *sm2Curve) fieldAdd(x, y *big.Int) *big.Int {
-	value := new(big.Int).Add(x, y)
-	return value.Mod(value, c.P)
-}
-
-// fieldSub 计算有限域减法
-// 入参: x 左操作数, y 右操作数
-// 返回: *big.Int 计算结果
-func (c *sm2Curve) fieldSub(x, y *big.Int) *big.Int {
-	value := new(big.Int).Sub(x, y)
-	return value.Mod(value, c.P)
-}
-
-// fieldMul 计算有限域乘法
-// 入参: x 左操作数, y 右操作数
-// 返回: *big.Int 计算结果
-func (c *sm2Curve) fieldMul(x, y *big.Int) *big.Int {
-	value := new(big.Int).Mul(x, y)
-	return value.Mod(value, c.P)
-}
-
-// fieldSquare 计算有限域平方
-// 入参: x 操作数
-// 返回: *big.Int 计算结果
-func (c *sm2Curve) fieldSquare(x *big.Int) *big.Int {
-	return c.fieldMul(x, x)
-}
-
-// fieldScale 计算有限域整数倍
-// 入参: x 操作数, scale 倍数
-// 返回: *big.Int 计算结果
-func (c *sm2Curve) fieldScale(x *big.Int, scale int64) *big.Int {
-	return c.fieldMul(x, big.NewInt(scale))
-}
-
-// sm2Fixed 转换为SM2固定长度字节
-// 入参: n 大整数
-// 返回: []byte 固定长度字节
-func sm2Fixed(n *big.Int) []byte {
-	out := make([]byte, 32)
-	if n == nil {
-		return out
-	}
-	b := n.Bytes()
-	if len(b) > len(out) {
-		b = b[len(b)-len(out):]
-	}
-	copy(out[len(out)-len(b):], b)
-	return out
-}
diff --git a/ofdgo_sign_sm3.go b/ofdgo_sign_sm3.go
deleted file mode 100644
index a27c820..0000000
--- a/ofdgo_sign_sm3.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,211 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package ofdgo
-
-import (
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"hash"
-	"math/bits"
-)
-
-const (
-	sm3Size      = 32
-	sm3BlockSize = 64
-)
-
-var sm3Init = [8]uint32{
-	0x7380166f,
-	0x4914b2b9,
-	0x172442d7,
-	0xda8a0600,
-	0xa96f30bc,
-	0x163138aa,
-	0xe38dee4d,
-	0xb0fb0e4e,
-}
-
-// sm3Digest SM3杂凑值计算器
-type sm3Digest struct {
-	h   [8]uint32
-	x   [sm3BlockSize]byte
-	nx  int
-	len uint64
-}
-
-// newSM3 创建SM3杂凑值计算器
-// 返回: hash.Hash SM3杂凑值计算器
-func newSM3() hash.Hash {
-	d := new(sm3Digest)
-	d.Reset()
-	return d
-}
-
-// Reset 重置SM3状态
-func (d *sm3Digest) Reset() {
-	d.h = sm3Init
-	d.nx = 0
-	d.len = 0
-}
-
-// Size 获取SM3杂凑值长度
-// 返回: int 杂凑值长度
-func (d *sm3Digest) Size() int {
-	return sm3Size
-}
-
-// BlockSize 获取SM3分组长度
-// 返回: int 分组长度
-func (d *sm3Digest) BlockSize() int {
-	return sm3BlockSize
-}
-
-// Write 写入待计算数据
-// 入参: p 待计算数据
-// 返回: int 写入长度, error 错误信息
-func (d *sm3Digest) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
-	nn := len(p)
-	d.len += uint64(nn)
-	if d.nx > 0 {
-		n := copy(d.x[d.nx:], p)
-		d.nx += n
-		if d.nx == sm3BlockSize {
-			sm3Block(d, d.x[:])
-			d.nx = 0
-		}
-		p = p[n:]
-	}
-	if len(p) >= sm3BlockSize {
-		n := len(p) &^ (sm3BlockSize - 1)
-		sm3Block(d, p[:n])
-		p = p[n:]
-	}
-	if len(p) > 0 {
-		d.nx = copy(d.x[:], p)
-	}
-	return nn, nil
-}
-
-// Sum 将SM3杂凑值追加到前缀数据后，不改变当前状态
-// 入参: in 前缀数据
-// 返回: []byte 前缀数据及杂凑值
-func (d *sm3Digest) Sum(in []byte) []byte {
-	dd := *d
-	hash := dd.checkSum()
-	return append(in, hash[:]...)
-}
-
-// checkSum 计算SM3最终杂凑值
-// 返回: [sm3Size]byte 杂凑值
-func (d *sm3Digest) checkSum() [sm3Size]byte {
-	lenBits := d.len << 3
-	var tmp [64]byte
-	tmp[0] = 0x80
-	if d.nx < 56 {
-		d.Write(tmp[:56-d.nx])
-	} else {
-		d.Write(tmp[:64+56-d.nx])
-	}
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(tmp[:8], lenBits)
-	d.Write(tmp[:8])
-	var digest [sm3Size]byte
-	for i, v := range d.h {
-		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(digest[i*4:], v)
-	}
-	return digest
-}
-
-// sm3Block 处理SM3消息分组
-// 入参: d SM3杂凑值计算器, p 消息分组数据
-func sm3Block(d *sm3Digest, p []byte) {
-	var w [68]uint32
-	var w1 [64]uint32
-	for len(p) >= sm3BlockSize {
-		for i := 0; i < 16; i++ {
-			w[i] = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(p[i*4:])
-		}
-		for i := 16; i < 68; i++ {
-			x := w[i-16] ^ w[i-9] ^ bits.RotateLeft32(w[i-3], 15)
-			w[i] = sm3P1(x) ^ bits.RotateLeft32(w[i-13], 7) ^ w[i-6]
-		}
-		for i := 0; i < 64; i++ {
-			w1[i] = w[i] ^ w[i+4]
-		}
-		a, b, c, e := d.h[0], d.h[1], d.h[2], d.h[4]
-		dd, f, g, hh := d.h[3], d.h[5], d.h[6], d.h[7]
-		for i := 0; i < 64; i++ {
-			t := uint32(0x7a879d8a)
-			if i < 16 {
-				t = 0x79cc4519
-			}
-			ss1 := bits.RotateLeft32(bits.RotateLeft32(a, 12)+e+bits.RotateLeft32(t, i), 7)
-			ss2 := ss1 ^ bits.RotateLeft32(a, 12)
-			tt1 := sm3FF(i, a, b, c) + dd + ss2 + w1[i]
-			tt2 := sm3GG(i, e, f, g) + hh + ss1 + w[i]
-			dd = c
-			c = bits.RotateLeft32(b, 9)
-			b = a
-			a = tt1
-			hh = g
-			g = bits.RotateLeft32(f, 19)
-			f = e
-			e = sm3P0(tt2)
-		}
-		d.h[0] ^= a
-		d.h[1] ^= b
-		d.h[2] ^= c
-		d.h[3] ^= dd
-		d.h[4] ^= e
-		d.h[5] ^= f
-		d.h[6] ^= g
-		d.h[7] ^= hh
-		p = p[sm3BlockSize:]
-	}
-}
-
-// sm3P0 计算SM3置换函数P0
-// 入参: x 输入值
-// 返回: uint32 置换结果
-func sm3P0(x uint32) uint32 {
-	return x ^ bits.RotateLeft32(x, 9) ^ bits.RotateLeft32(x, 17)
-}
-
-// sm3P1 计算SM3置换函数P1
-// 入参: x 输入值
-// 返回: uint32 置换结果
-func sm3P1(x uint32) uint32 {
-	return x ^ bits.RotateLeft32(x, 15) ^ bits.RotateLeft32(x, 23)
-}
-
-// sm3FF 计算SM3布尔函数FF
-// 入参: i 轮数, x 输入值, y 输入值, z 输入值
-// 返回: uint32 计算结果
-func sm3FF(i int, x, y, z uint32) uint32 {
-	if i < 16 {
-		return x ^ y ^ z
-	}
-	return (x & y) | (x & z) | (y & z)
-}
-
-// sm3GG 计算SM3布尔函数GG
-// 入参: i 轮数, x 输入值, y 输入值, z 输入值
-// 返回: uint32 计算结果
-func sm3GG(i int, x, y, z uint32) uint32 {
-	if i < 16 {
-		return x ^ y ^ z
-	}
-	return (x & y) | (^x & z)
-}
-
-var _ hash.Hash = (*sm3Digest)(nil)
diff --git a/ofdgo_sign_timestamp.go b/ofdgo_sign_timestamp.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf723ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_sign_timestamp.go
@@ -0,0 +1,572 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/asn1"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/big"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/smx509"
+)
+
+const (
+	signTimestampContent = "1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1.4"
+	signTimestampAttr    = "1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.2.14"
+	signContentCMS       = "1.2.840.113549.1.7.2"
+	signAttrContentType  = "1.2.840.113549.1.9.3"
+	signAttrESS          = "1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.2.12"
+	signAttrESSV2        = "1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.2.47"
+)
+
+// SignatureTimestampRequest 外部时间戳证据请求
+// Data为完整SignedValue文件字节, 回调返回的RFC3161令牌须绑定Data
+type SignatureTimestampRequest struct {
+	DocIndex    int
+	SignatureID string
+	Data        []byte
+}
+
+// SignatureTimestampOptions 离线RFC3161时间戳验证选项
+// Tokens及Fetch返回的令牌绑定完整SignedValue, 内嵌令牌绑定所属签名值
+// Fetch仅提供证据, 本库不主动联网, TrustCerts须由调用方显式提供
+type SignatureTimestampOptions struct {
+	Tokens       [][]byte
+	TrustCerts   [][]byte
+	Certificates [][]byte
+	Fetch        func(SignatureTimestampRequest) ([][]byte, error)
+	Required     bool
+	PolicyOID    string
+	Nonce        *big.Int
+	VerifyTime   *time.Time
+}
+
+// SignatureTimestampReport 时间戳验证报告
+// Time只表示令牌声明时间, 仅Valid为true时可作为可信时间使用
+type SignatureTimestampReport struct {
+	tsaName            asn1.RawValue
+	Time               time.Time
+	PolicyOID          string
+	SerialNumber       string
+	Nonce              *big.Int
+	Signer             SignatureCertInfo
+	BindingChecked     bool
+	BindingOK          bool
+	SignedValueChecked bool
+	SignedValueOK      bool
+	CertTrustChecked   bool
+	CertTrustOK        bool
+	CertTimeChecked    bool
+	CertTimeOK         bool
+	Valid              bool
+	Error              string
+}
+
+type signatureTimestampEvidence struct {
+	Token []byte
+	Data  []byte
+}
+
+// WithSignatureTimestamp 设置离线时间戳验证
+// 入参: options 时间戳选项
+// 返回: SignatureVerifyOption 验签选项
+func WithSignatureTimestamp(options SignatureTimestampOptions) SignatureVerifyOption {
+	options.Tokens = cloneSignatureEvidence(options.Tokens)
+	options.TrustCerts = appendSignatureCerts(nil, options.TrustCerts...)
+	options.Certificates = appendSignatureCerts(nil, options.Certificates...)
+	if options.Nonce != nil {
+		options.Nonce = new(big.Int).Set(options.Nonce)
+	}
+	if options.VerifyTime != nil {
+		t := *options.VerifyTime
+		options.VerifyTime = &t
+	}
+	return func(o *signatureVerifyOptions) { o.Timestamp = &options }
+}
+
+// cloneSignatureEvidence 深拷贝离线证据
+// 入参: values 原证据列表
+// 返回: [][]byte 独立证据列表
+func cloneSignatureEvidence(values [][]byte) [][]byte {
+	out := make([][]byte, len(values))
+	for i := range values {
+		out[i] = bytes.Clone(values[i])
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// VerifySignatureTimestamp 验证RFC3161令牌与原始字节的绑定
+// 入参: token DER编码TimeStampToken, data 被时间戳保护的原始字节, options 验证选项
+// 返回: SignatureTimestampReport 验证报告
+func VerifySignatureTimestamp(token, data []byte, options SignatureTimestampOptions) (report SignatureTimestampReport) {
+	err := verifySignatureTimestamp(token, data, options, &report)
+	if err != nil {
+		report.Error = err.Error()
+	}
+	report.Valid = err == nil && report.BindingChecked && report.BindingOK && report.SignedValueChecked && report.SignedValueOK && report.CertTrustChecked && report.CertTrustOK && report.CertTimeChecked && report.CertTimeOK
+	return report
+}
+
+// verifySignatureTimestamp 检查令牌绑定、签名与TSA信任
+// 入参: token 令牌DER, data 原始字节, o 验证选项, report 结果
+// 返回: error 验证错误
+func verifySignatureTimestamp(token, data []byte, o SignatureTimestampOptions, report *SignatureTimestampReport) error {
+	oid, content, present, err := parseGBTContentInfoBytes(token)
+	if err != nil || !present || oid != signContentCMS {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid RFC3161 CMS token")
+	}
+	items, ok := asn1Children(content.Bytes)
+	if !ok || len(items) < 4 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid timestamp signed data")
+	}
+	version, err := asn1Integer(items[0])
+	if err != nil || version != 3 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported timestamp CMS version")
+	}
+	oid, value, present, err := parseGBTContentInfo(items[2])
+	if err != nil || !present || oid != signTimestampContent {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid TSTInfo content type")
+	}
+	tst, err := asn1OctetString(value)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := verifyTimestampInfo(tst, data, o, report); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	certs := appendSignatureCerts(nil, o.Certificates...)
+	idx := 3
+	if items[idx].Class == asn1.ClassContextSpecific && items[idx].Tag == 0 {
+		parsed, err := parseGBTCertificates(items[idx])
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		for _, cert := range parsed {
+			certs = append(certs, cert.Raw)
+		}
+		idx++
+	}
+	if idx < len(items) && items[idx].Class == asn1.ClassContextSpecific && items[idx].Tag == 1 {
+		idx++
+	}
+	if idx != len(items)-1 || items[idx].Tag != asn1.TagSet || items[idx].Class != asn1.ClassUniversal {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid timestamp signer set")
+	}
+	signers, err := parseGBTSignerInfos(items[idx])
+	if err != nil || len(signers) != 1 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("timestamp requires one issuer-and-serial signer")
+	}
+	signer := signers[0]
+	if err := signatureSignerDigest(signer.SignatureAlg, signer.DigestAlg); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	algorithms, ok := asn1Children(items[1].Bytes)
+	if !ok || items[1].Tag != asn1.TagSet || len(algorithms) != 1 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid timestamp digest set")
+	}
+	digestAlg, err := parseGBTAlgorithm(algorithms[0])
+	if err != nil || digestAlg != signer.DigestAlg {
+		return fmt.Errorf("timestamp digest set mismatch")
+	}
+	if err := signatureAlgorithmPolicy(&SignaturePolicy{RejectWeakAlgorithms: true}, signer.SignatureAlg, signer.DigestAlg); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	attrs, err := signatureAuthenticatedAttributes(signer.AuthAttrs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	ct, err := asn1OIDString(attrs[signAttrContentType])
+	if err != nil || ct != signTimestampContent {
+		return fmt.Errorf("timestamp content-type attribute mismatch")
+	}
+	digest, err := signatureDigest(signer.DigestAlg, tst)
+	if err != nil || !bytes.Equal(digest, signer.AttrDigest) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("timestamp content digest mismatch")
+	}
+	var cert []byte
+	for _, raw := range certs {
+		c, err := parseSignatureCertificate(raw)
+		if err == nil && bytes.Equal(c.RawIssuer, signer.Issuer) && c.SerialNumber.Cmp(signer.Serial) == 0 {
+			if cert != nil && !bytes.Equal(cert, raw) {
+				return fmt.Errorf("ambiguous TSA certificate")
+			}
+			cert = raw
+		}
+	}
+	if cert == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("TSA certificate not found")
+	}
+	if err := verifyTimestampESS(attrs, cert); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	c, err := parseSignatureCertificate(cert)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(report.tsaName.FullBytes) != 0 && (report.tsaName.Class != asn1.ClassContextSpecific || report.tsaName.Tag != 4 || !bytes.Equal(report.tsaName.Bytes, c.RawSubject)) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported or mismatched TSTInfo TSA name")
+	}
+	critical := false
+	for _, extension := range c.Extensions {
+		if extension.Id.String() == "2.5.29.37" {
+			critical = extension.Critical
+		}
+	}
+	if !critical || len(c.UnknownExtKeyUsage) != 0 || len(c.ExtKeyUsage) != 1 || c.ExtKeyUsage[0] != smx509.ExtKeyUsageTimeStamping {
+		return fmt.Errorf("TSA certificate requires exclusive critical timestamping usage")
+	}
+	report.Signer = signatureCertInfo(cert)
+	report.SignedValueChecked = true
+	if isSM2SignatureMethod(signer.SignatureAlg) {
+		pub, err := parseSM2PublicKeyFromCert(cert)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		report.SignedValueOK = verifySM2Signature(pub, nil, signer.AuthAttrs, signer.Signature)
+	} else {
+		report.SignedValueOK, err = verifyPublicKeySignature(signer.SignatureAlg, signer.DigestAlg, cert, signer.AuthAttrs, signer.Signature)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if !report.SignedValueOK {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid timestamp signature")
+	}
+	report.CertTimeChecked = true
+	report.CertTimeOK = timeInRange(report.Time, c.NotBefore, c.NotAfter)
+	if !report.CertTimeOK {
+		return fmt.Errorf("TSA certificate not valid at timestamp time")
+	}
+	trusts := appendSignatureCerts(nil, o.TrustCerts...)
+	if len(trusts) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("timestamp trust certificates not provided")
+	}
+	report.CertTrustChecked = true
+	report.CertTrustOK = verifySignatureCertificateChain(c, certs, trusts, report.Time, smx509.ExtKeyUsageTimeStamping) == nil
+	if !report.CertTrustOK {
+		return fmt.Errorf("untrusted TSA certificate")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// verifyTimestampInfo 验证TSTInfo及可选nonce和策略
+// 入参: data TSTInfo字节, bound 被保护字节, o 验证选项, report 结果
+// 返回: error 验证错误
+func verifyTimestampInfo(data, bound []byte, o SignatureTimestampOptions, report *SignatureTimestampReport) error {
+	var raw asn1.RawValue
+	rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(data, &raw)
+	if err != nil || len(rest) != 0 || raw.Tag != asn1.TagSequence {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid TSTInfo")
+	}
+	items, ok := asn1Children(raw.Bytes)
+	if !ok || len(items) < 5 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid TSTInfo fields")
+	}
+	v, err := asn1Integer(items[0])
+	if err != nil || v != 1 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported TSTInfo version")
+	}
+	report.PolicyOID, err = asn1OIDString(items[1])
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if o.PolicyOID != "" && o.PolicyOID != report.PolicyOID {
+		return fmt.Errorf("timestamp policy mismatch")
+	}
+	imprint, ok := asn1Children(items[2].Bytes)
+	if !ok || len(imprint) != 2 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid timestamp imprint")
+	}
+	method, err := parseGBTAlgorithm(imprint[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := signatureAlgorithmPolicy(&SignaturePolicy{RejectWeakAlgorithms: true}, "", method); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	want, err := asn1OctetString(imprint[1])
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	got, err := signatureDigest(method, bound)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	report.BindingChecked, report.BindingOK = true, bytes.Equal(want, got)
+	if !report.BindingOK {
+		return fmt.Errorf("timestamp message imprint mismatch")
+	}
+	serial, err := asn1IntegerBig(items[3])
+	if err != nil || serial.Sign() < 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid timestamp serial")
+	}
+	report.SerialNumber = serial.String()
+	if items[4].Tag != asn1.TagGeneralizedTime {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid timestamp generalized time")
+	}
+	report.Time, err = asn1Time(items[4])
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	now := time.Now()
+	if o.VerifyTime != nil {
+		now = *o.VerifyTime
+	}
+	if report.Time.After(now) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("timestamp is in the future")
+	}
+	previous := -1
+	for _, item := range items[5:] {
+		order := -1
+		switch {
+		case item.Class == asn1.ClassUniversal && item.Tag == asn1.TagSequence:
+			order = 0
+			var accuracy struct {
+				Seconds int `asn1:"optional"`
+				Millis  int `asn1:"optional,tag:0"`
+				Micros  int `asn1:"optional,tag:1"`
+			}
+			rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(item.FullBytes, &accuracy)
+			if err != nil || len(rest) != 0 || accuracy.Seconds < 0 || accuracy.Millis < 0 || accuracy.Millis > 999 || accuracy.Micros < 0 || accuracy.Micros > 999 {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid timestamp accuracy")
+			}
+		case item.Class == asn1.ClassUniversal && item.Tag == asn1.TagBoolean:
+			order = 1
+			var ordering bool
+			if _, err := asn1.Unmarshal(item.FullBytes, &ordering); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		case item.Class == asn1.ClassUniversal && item.Tag == asn1.TagInteger:
+			order = 2
+			report.Nonce, err = asn1IntegerBig(item)
+			if err != nil || report.Nonce.Sign() < 0 {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid timestamp nonce")
+			}
+		case item.Class == asn1.ClassContextSpecific && item.Tag == 0:
+			order = 3
+			report.tsaName, err = asn1Explicit(item)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		case item.Class == asn1.ClassContextSpecific && item.Tag == 1:
+			return fmt.Errorf("timestamp extensions not supported")
+		default:
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid timestamp optional field")
+		}
+		if order <= previous {
+			return fmt.Errorf("duplicate or unordered timestamp field")
+		}
+		previous = order
+	}
+	if o.Nonce != nil && (report.Nonce == nil || report.Nonce.Cmp(o.Nonce) != 0) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("timestamp nonce mismatch")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// signatureAuthenticatedAttributes 拒绝重复属性和非DER排序
+// 入参: data 签名属性DER集合
+// 返回: map[string]asn1.RawValue 属性映射, error 解析错误
+func signatureAuthenticatedAttributes(data []byte) (map[string]asn1.RawValue, error) {
+	var raw asn1.RawValue
+	rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(data, &raw)
+	if err != nil || len(rest) != 0 || raw.Class != asn1.ClassUniversal || raw.Tag != asn1.TagSet {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid signed attributes")
+	}
+	attrs, ok := asn1Children(raw.Bytes)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid signed attributes")
+	}
+	out := make(map[string]asn1.RawValue)
+	var previous []byte
+	for _, attr := range attrs {
+		if bytes.Compare(previous, attr.FullBytes) > 0 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("non-DER signed attributes")
+		}
+		previous = attr.FullBytes
+		items, ok := asn1Children(attr.Bytes)
+		if !ok || len(items) != 2 || items[1].Tag != asn1.TagSet {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid signed attribute")
+		}
+		oid, err := asn1OIDString(items[0])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if _, exists := out[oid]; exists {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("duplicate signed attribute: %s", oid)
+		}
+		values, ok := asn1Children(items[1].Bytes)
+		if !ok || len(values) != 1 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("signed attribute must have one value")
+		}
+		out[oid] = values[0]
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+// verifyTimestampESS 验证ESS证书摘要及颁发者序列号绑定
+// 入参: attrs 签名属性, cert TSA证书DER
+// 返回: error 绑定错误
+func verifyTimestampESS(attrs map[string]asn1.RawValue, cert []byte) error {
+	found := false
+	for _, oid := range []string{signAttrESS, signAttrESSV2} {
+		value, exists := attrs[oid]
+		if !exists {
+			continue
+		}
+		found = true
+		outer, ok := asn1Children(value.Bytes)
+		if !ok || len(outer) < 1 || len(outer) > 2 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid ESS signing certificate")
+		}
+		certs, ok := asn1Children(outer[0].Bytes)
+		if !ok || len(certs) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("empty ESS certificate list")
+		}
+		fields, ok := asn1Children(certs[0].Bytes)
+		if !ok || len(fields) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid ESS certificate identifier")
+		}
+		method := "SHA1"
+		idx := 0
+		if oid == signAttrESSV2 {
+			method = "SHA256"
+			if fields[0].Tag == asn1.TagSequence {
+				var err error
+				method, err = parseGBTAlgorithm(fields[0])
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				idx++
+			}
+		}
+		if len(fields) < idx+1 || len(fields) > idx+2 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid ESS certificate fields")
+		}
+		want, err := asn1OctetString(fields[idx])
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		got, err := signatureDigest(method, cert)
+		if err != nil || !bytes.Equal(want, got) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("ESS certificate hash mismatch")
+		}
+		if len(fields) == idx+2 {
+			issuer, ok := asn1Children(fields[idx+1].Bytes)
+			if !ok || len(issuer) != 2 {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid ESS issuer serial")
+			}
+			serial, err := asn1IntegerBig(issuer[1])
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			c, err := parseSignatureCertificate(cert)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			names, ok := asn1Children(issuer[0].Bytes)
+			matched := false
+			for _, name := range names {
+				matched = matched || name.Class == asn1.ClassContextSpecific && name.Tag == 4 && bytes.Equal(name.Bytes, c.RawIssuer)
+			}
+			if !ok || !matched || serial.Cmp(c.SerialNumber) != 0 {
+				return fmt.Errorf("ESS issuer serial mismatch")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		return fmt.Errorf("timestamp ESS certificate binding missing")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// signatureTimestampAttributes 提取签名值中的RFC3161未认证属性
+// 入参: raw 未认证属性ASN.1值
+// 返回: [][]byte 时间戳令牌, error 解析错误
+func signatureTimestampAttributes(raw asn1.RawValue) ([][]byte, error) {
+	if len(raw.FullBytes) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	attrs, ok := asn1Children(raw.Bytes)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid timestamp attributes")
+	}
+	var tokens [][]byte
+	for _, attr := range attrs {
+		items, ok := asn1Children(attr.Bytes)
+		if !ok || len(items) != 2 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid unsigned attribute")
+		}
+		oid, err := asn1OIDString(items[0])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if oid != signTimestampAttr {
+			continue
+		}
+		if len(tokens) != 0 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("duplicate timestamp attribute")
+		}
+		values, ok := asn1Children(items[1].Bytes)
+		if !ok || items[1].Tag != asn1.TagSet || len(values) == 0 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("empty timestamp attribute")
+		}
+		for _, value := range values {
+			tokens = append(tokens, bytes.Clone(value.FullBytes))
+		}
+	}
+	return tokens, nil
+}
+
+// applySignatureEvidence 验证内嵌及外部时间戳并应用吊销策略
+// 入参: o 验签选项, signedValue 签名文件字节, embedded 内嵌令牌, certs 签署证书, extra 辅助证书
+func (report *SignatureVerifyReport) applySignatureEvidence(o *signatureVerifyOptions, signedValue []byte, embedded []signatureTimestampEvidence, certs, extra [][]byte) {
+	var options SignatureTimestampOptions
+	if o.Timestamp != nil {
+		options = *o.Timestamp
+	}
+	if o.Policy != nil {
+		options.Required = options.Required || o.Policy.RequireTimestamp
+	}
+	evidence := append([]signatureTimestampEvidence(nil), embedded...)
+	for _, token := range options.Tokens {
+		evidence = append(evidence, signatureTimestampEvidence{Token: token, Data: signedValue})
+	}
+	if options.Fetch != nil {
+		tokens, err := options.Fetch(SignatureTimestampRequest{DocIndex: report.DocIndex, SignatureID: report.ID, Data: bytes.Clone(signedValue)})
+		if err != nil {
+			report.Timestamps = append(report.Timestamps, SignatureTimestampReport{Error: err.Error()})
+		}
+		for _, token := range tokens {
+			evidence = append(evidence, signatureTimestampEvidence{Token: token, Data: signedValue})
+		}
+	}
+	for _, item := range evidence {
+		report.Timestamps = append(report.Timestamps, VerifySignatureTimestamp(item.Token, item.Data, options))
+	}
+	if len(report.Timestamps) != 0 {
+		report.TimestampChecked, report.TimestampOK = true, true
+		for _, result := range report.Timestamps {
+			report.TimestampOK = report.TimestampOK && result.Valid
+		}
+	}
+	if options.Required && !report.TimestampChecked {
+		report.PolicyChecked, report.PolicyOK = true, false
+		report.PolicyError = "required timestamp evidence missing"
+	}
+	report.applySignatureRevocation(o, certs, extra)
+}
diff --git a/ofdgo_sign_verify.go b/ofdgo_sign_verify.go
index fc11b06..747860d 100644
--- a/ofdgo_sign_verify.go
+++ b/ofdgo_sign_verify.go
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ import (
 	"crypto/sha256"
 	"crypto/sha512"
 	"crypto/subtle"
-	"crypto/x509"
 	"encoding/asn1"
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"encoding/pem"
@@ -35,13 +34,32 @@ import (
 	"path"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
+
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/sm2"
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/smx509"
 )
 
 // SignatureVerifyReport 签名验证报告
-// Valid表示签名完整性、签名时间语义及调用方指定的证书策略均通过
+// Valid表示签名完整性、签名时间语义及调用方指定的全部策略均通过
 // Checked表示对应检查已得出结论, 未检查时不能将OK的零值视为失败
 // SealCertTimeOK仅提供制章证书在签名时间的状态信息, 不参与Valid判断
 type SignatureVerifyReport struct {
+	DocIndex             int
+	DocRoot              string
+	PolicyChecked        bool
+	PolicyOK             bool
+	PolicyError          string
+	CoverageChecked      bool
+	CoverageOK           bool
+	CoverageError        string
+	CoveredFiles         []string
+	UncoveredFiles       []string
+	TimestampChecked     bool
+	TimestampOK          bool
+	Timestamps           []SignatureTimestampReport
+	RevocationChecked    bool
+	RevocationOK         bool
+	Revocations          []SignatureRevocationReport
 	ID                   string
 	BaseLoc              string
 	Type                 SignType
@@ -80,6 +98,7 @@ type SignatureVerifyReport struct {
 	CertTimeOK           bool
 	CertTrustChecked     bool
 	CertTrustOK          bool
+	CertTrustError       string
 	Valid                bool
 	Error                string
 }
@@ -87,7 +106,10 @@ type SignatureVerifyReport struct {
 // IntegrityValid 判断签名完整性是否有效
 // 返回: bool 是否有效
 func (report SignatureVerifyReport) IntegrityValid() bool {
-	return report.Error == "" && report.DigestOK && report.DataHashOK && report.SignedValueOK && report.SealOK && report.SealMatchOK && report.CertOK
+	sealOK := report.Type == SignTypeSign || report.SealChecked && report.SealOK
+	return report.Error == "" && report.DigestOK && referencesOK(report.References) &&
+		report.DataHashChecked && report.DataHashOK && report.SignedValueChecked && report.SignedValueOK &&
+		sealOK && report.SealMatchOK && report.CertChecked && report.CertOK
 }
 
 // TrustedValid 判断签名是否可信有效
@@ -151,6 +173,11 @@ type signatureVerifyOptions struct {
 	SignCerts  [][]byte
 	TrustCerts [][]byte
 	VerifyTime *time.Time
+	Policy     *SignaturePolicy
+	Timestamp  *SignatureTimestampOptions
+	Revocation *SignatureRevocationOptions
+	DocIndex   int
+	DocRoot    string
 }
 
 var signatureMethodReplacer = strings.NewReplacer("-", "", "_", "", " ", "")
@@ -177,6 +204,7 @@ func WithSignatureCerts(certs ...[]byte) SignatureVerifyOption {
 }
 
 // WithSignatureTrustCert 添加签名信任证书
+// 指定信任后同时验证证书链有效期，默认使用当前时间
 // 入参: cert DER或PEM编码证书
 // 返回: SignatureVerifyOption 签名验证选项
 func WithSignatureTrustCert(cert []byte) SignatureVerifyOption {
@@ -186,6 +214,7 @@ func WithSignatureTrustCert(cert []byte) SignatureVerifyOption {
 }
 
 // WithSignatureTrustCerts 添加多张签名信任证书
+// 指定信任后同时验证证书链有效期，默认使用当前时间
 // 入参: certs DER或PEM编码证书列表
 // 返回: SignatureVerifyOption 签名验证选项
 func WithSignatureTrustCerts(certs ...[]byte) SignatureVerifyOption {
@@ -246,19 +275,56 @@ func VerifySignaturesReader(r io.ReaderAt, size int64, opts ...SignatureVerifyOp
 // 入参: opts 签名验证选项
 // 返回: []SignatureVerifyReport 签名验证报告, error 错误信息
 func (r *Reader) VerifySignatures(opts ...SignatureVerifyOption) ([]SignatureVerifyReport, error) {
+	if r.OFD == nil || len(r.OFD.DocBody) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no docbody found")
+	}
+	if _, err := r.Doc(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var reports []SignatureVerifyReport
+	for i := range r.OFD.DocBody {
+		items, err := r.VerifyDocumentSignatures(i, opts...)
+		reports = append(reports, items...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return reports, fmt.Errorf("document %d: %w", i, err)
+		}
+	}
+	return reports, nil
+}
+
+// VerifyDocumentSignatures 验证指定DocBody的签名且不切换阅读器当前文档
+// 入参: index 从0开始的文档索引, opts 签名验证选项
+// 返回: []SignatureVerifyReport 签名验证报告, error 错误信息
+func (r *Reader) VerifyDocumentSignatures(index int, opts ...SignatureVerifyOption) ([]SignatureVerifyReport, error) {
+	if r.OFD == nil || index < 0 || index >= len(r.OFD.DocBody) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("document index out of range: %d", index)
+	}
 	options := signatureVerifyOptions{}
 	for _, opt := range opts {
-		opt(&options)
+		if opt != nil {
+			opt(&options)
+		}
 	}
-	doc, err := r.Doc()
+	body := r.OFD.DocBody[index]
+	options.DocIndex, options.DocRoot = index, r.signatureCoveragePath(body.DocRoot)
+	data, err := r.readFile(body.DocRoot)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	var doc Document
+	if err := xml.Unmarshal(data, &doc); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if doc.Signatures == "" {
+		doc.Signatures = body.Signatures
+	}
 	if doc.Signatures == "" {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
-	sigListPath := r.ResPath(doc.Signatures)
-	data, err := r.readFileExact(sigListPath)
+	view := *r
+	view.doc, view.RootDir = &doc, path.Dir(body.DocRoot)
+	sigListPath := view.ResPath(doc.Signatures)
+	data, err = view.readFile(sigListPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -268,7 +334,7 @@ func (r *Reader) VerifySignatures(opts ...SignatureVerifyOption) ([]SignatureVer
 	}
 	reports := make([]SignatureVerifyReport, 0, len(signatures.List))
 	for _, sigRef := range signatures.List {
-		reports = append(reports, r.verifySignature(sigListPath, sigRef, &options))
+		reports = append(reports, view.verifySignature(sigListPath, sigRef, &options))
 	}
 	return reports, nil
 }
@@ -279,6 +345,8 @@ func (r *Reader) VerifySignatures(opts ...SignatureVerifyOption) ([]SignatureVer
 func (r *Reader) verifySignature(sigListPath string, sigRef Signature, options *signatureVerifyOptions) SignatureVerifyReport {
 	sigPath := signatureRefPath(sigListPath, sigRef.BaseLoc)
 	report := SignatureVerifyReport{
+		DocIndex:    options.DocIndex,
+		DocRoot:     options.DocRoot,
 		ID:          sigRef.ID,
 		BaseLoc:     sigRef.BaseLoc,
 		Type:        sigRef.Type,
@@ -287,7 +355,7 @@ func (r *Reader) verifySignature(sigListPath string, sigRef Signature, options *
 	if report.Type == "" {
 		report.Type = SignTypeSeal
 	}
-	sigData, err := r.readFileExact(sigPath)
+	sigData, err := r.readFile(sigPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		report.Error = err.Error()
 		return report
@@ -311,8 +379,10 @@ func (r *Reader) verifySignature(sigListPath string, sigRef Signature, options *
 		report.StampPositionError = err.Error()
 	}
 	report.DigestOK = referencesOK(report.References)
+	r.applySignatureCoverage(&report, sigListPath, options)
+	report.applySignaturePolicy(options, r.OFD.Version, 0, report.SignatureMethod, report.DigestMethod)
 	signedValuePath := signatureRefPath(sigPath, sigFile.SignedValue)
-	signedValue, err := r.readFileExact(signedValuePath)
+	signedValue, err := r.readFile(signedValuePath)
 	if err != nil {
 		report.Error = err.Error()
 		return report
@@ -331,6 +401,7 @@ func (r *Reader) verifySignature(sigListPath string, sigRef Signature, options *
 			report.Signer = result.CertInfo.CommonName
 		}
 		if err != nil {
+			report.applySignaturePolicyError(err)
 			report.Error = err.Error()
 			return report
 		}
@@ -338,6 +409,7 @@ func (r *Reader) verifySignature(sigListPath string, sigRef Signature, options *
 		report.SignatureTime = parseSignatureDateTime(report.SignatureDateTime)
 		report.applySignatureTimePolicy()
 		report.applySignatureCertificatePolicy(options, result.SignerCerts, result.Certs)
+		report.applySignatureEvidence(options, signedValue, result.Timestamps, result.SignerCerts, result.Certs)
 		report.Valid = report.IntegrityValid() && report.certificatePolicyOK()
 		return report
 	case SignTypeSeal:
@@ -363,14 +435,21 @@ func (r *Reader) verifySignature(sigListPath string, sigRef Signature, options *
 		report.Signer = sesResult.SignCert.CommonName
 	}
 	if err != nil {
+		report.applySignaturePolicyError(err)
 		report.Error = err.Error()
 		return report
 	}
 	report.applySignatureTimePolicy()
+	if report.SignatureMethod != "" && !signatureAlgorithmEquivalent(report.SignatureMethod, sesResult.SignatureMethod, "SM3") {
+		report.Error = "signature method does not match SES"
+		return report
+	}
 	report.applySignatureCertificatePolicy(options, [][]byte{sesResult.SignCertRaw, sesResult.SealCertRaw}, sesResult.Certs)
+	report.applySignaturePolicy(options, r.OFD.Version, sesResult.SealInfo.Version, sesResult.SignatureMethod, "SM3")
+	report.applySignatureEvidence(options, signedValue, sesResult.Timestamps, [][]byte{sesResult.SignCertRaw, sesResult.SealCertRaw}, sesResult.Certs)
 	if sigFile.SignedInfo.Seal.BaseLoc != "" {
 		sealPath := signatureRefPath(sigPath, sigFile.SignedInfo.Seal.BaseLoc)
-		sealData, err := r.readFileExact(sealPath)
+		sealData, err := r.readFile(sealPath)
 		if err != nil {
 			report.Error = err.Error()
 			return report
@@ -407,7 +486,7 @@ func (r *Reader) verifySignatureReference(sigPath, method string, ref SignatureR
 		result.Error = err.Error()
 		return result
 	}
-	data, err := r.readFileExact(refPath)
+	data, err := r.readFile(refPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		result.Error = err.Error()
 		return result
@@ -435,20 +514,6 @@ func parseSignatureFile(data []byte) (*SignatureFile, error) {
 	return &sigFile, nil
 }
 
-// readFileExact 读取OFD包内文件
-// 入参: name 包内文件路径
-// 返回: []byte 文件数据, error 错误信息
-func (r *Reader) readFileExact(name string) ([]byte, error) {
-	name = cleanPackagePath(name)
-	if data, ok := r.files[name]; ok {
-		return bytes.Clone(data), nil
-	}
-	if f, ok := r.fileIndex[name]; ok {
-		return readZipFile(f)
-	}
-	return nil, fmt.Errorf("file not found: %s", name)
-}
-
 // signatureDigest 计算签名摘要
 // 入参: method 摘要算法, data 原文数据
 // 返回: []byte 摘要值, error 错误信息
@@ -612,7 +677,7 @@ func verifyPublicKeySignature(method, digestMethod string, cert, signedData, sig
 	if len(digest) == 0 {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("unsupported digest method")
 	}
-	x509Cert, err := x509.ParseCertificate(cert)
+	x509Cert, err := parseSignatureCertificate(cert)
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, err
 	}
@@ -632,6 +697,23 @@ func verifyPublicKeySignature(method, digestMethod string, cert, signedData, sig
 	}
 }
 
+// verifySM2Signature 验证DER或定长拼接编码的SM2签名值
+// 入参: pub 公钥, userID 用户标识, msg 原文, sig 签名值
+// 返回: bool 是否验证通过
+func verifySM2Signature(pub *ecdsa.PublicKey, userID, msg, sig []byte) bool {
+	if sm2.VerifyASN1WithSM2(pub, userID, msg, sig) {
+		return true
+	}
+	if len(sig) != 64 {
+		return false
+	}
+	digest, err := sm2.CalculateSM2Hash(pub, msg, userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return sm2.Verify(pub, digest, new(big.Int).SetBytes(sig[:32]), new(big.Int).SetBytes(sig[32:]))
+}
+
 // verifyECDSASignature 验证ECDSA签名
 // 入参: pub 公钥, digest 摘要, sig 签名值
 // 返回: bool 是否验证通过
@@ -668,7 +750,7 @@ func referencesOK(refs []SignatureReferenceVerify) bool {
 		return false
 	}
 	for _, ref := range refs {
-		if !ref.OK {
+		if !ref.Checked || !ref.OK || ref.Error != "" {
 			return false
 		}
 	}
@@ -679,9 +761,14 @@ func referencesOK(refs []SignatureReferenceVerify) bool {
 // 入参: options 验证选项, certs 待验证证书, extraCerts 证书池
 func (report *SignatureVerifyReport) applySignatureCertificatePolicy(options *signatureVerifyOptions, certs [][]byte, extraCerts [][]byte) {
 	certs = compactSignatureCerts(certs)
-	if options.VerifyTime != nil {
+	verifyTime := options.VerifyTime
+	if verifyTime == nil && len(options.TrustCerts) != 0 {
+		now := time.Now()
+		verifyTime = &now
+	}
+	if verifyTime != nil {
 		report.CertTimeChecked = true
-		report.CertTimeOK = signatureCertsValidAt(certs, *options.VerifyTime)
+		report.CertTimeOK = signatureCertsValidAt(certs, *verifyTime)
 	}
 	if len(options.TrustCerts) != 0 {
 		report.CertTrustChecked = true
@@ -691,13 +778,15 @@ func (report *SignatureVerifyReport) applySignatureCertificatePolicy(options *si
 		pool = append(pool, extraCerts...)
 		pool = compactSignatureCerts(pool)
 		for _, cert := range certs {
-			if !signatureCertTrustedBy(cert, pool, options.TrustCerts, options.VerifyTime) {
+			if err := verifySignatureCertificateTrust(cert, pool, options.TrustCerts, *verifyTime); err != nil {
 				report.CertTrustOK = false
+				report.CertTrustError = err.Error()
 				break
 			}
 		}
 		if len(certs) == 0 {
 			report.CertTrustOK = false
+			report.CertTrustError = "signature certificate missing"
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -728,6 +817,10 @@ func timeInRange(t, start, end time.Time) bool {
 // certificatePolicyOK 判断证书策略是否通过
 // 返回: bool 是否通过
 func (report SignatureVerifyReport) certificatePolicyOK() bool {
+	if report.PolicyChecked && !report.PolicyOK || report.CoverageChecked && !report.CoverageOK ||
+		report.TimestampChecked && !report.TimestampOK || report.RevocationChecked && !report.RevocationOK {
+		return false
+	}
 	if report.SignatureTimeChecked && !report.SignatureTimeOK {
 		return false
 	}
@@ -759,112 +852,51 @@ func signatureCertsValidAt(certs [][]byte, t time.Time) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
-// signatureCertMaxChecks 最大证书签名验证次数
-const signatureCertMaxChecks = 100
-
-// signatureCertPathState 证书路径状态
-type signatureCertPathState struct {
-	Visited         map[string]bool
-	SignatureChecks int
-}
-
-// signatureCertTrustedBy 判断证书是否可链到信任证书
-// 入参: cert 证书, pool 证书池, trusts 信任证书, verifyTime 中间证书验证时间
-// 返回: bool 是否受信任
-func signatureCertTrustedBy(cert []byte, pool, trusts [][]byte, verifyTime *time.Time) bool {
-	state := signatureCertPathState{Visited: make(map[string]bool)}
-	return signatureCertPathTrustedBy(cert, pool, trusts, verifyTime, &state, 0, true)
-}
-
-// signatureCertPathTrustedBy 验证证书路径
-// 入参: cert 证书, pool 证书池, trusts 信任证书, verifyTime 中间证书验证时间, state 路径状态, caBelow 下级非自颁发中间CA数量, target 是否目标证书
-// 返回: bool 是否受信任
-func signatureCertPathTrustedBy(cert []byte, pool, trusts [][]byte, verifyTime *time.Time, state *signatureCertPathState, caBelow int, target bool) bool {
-	if len(cert) == 0 {
-		return false
-	}
-	trusted := false
-	for _, trust := range trusts {
-		if bytes.Equal(cert, trust) {
-			trusted = true
-			break
-		}
-	}
-	if trusted && !target {
-		return true
-	}
-	key := string(cert)
-	if state.Visited[key] {
-		return false
-	}
-	state.Visited[key] = true
-	defer delete(state.Visited, key)
+// verifySignatureCertificateTrust 按指定时间验证签署证书到显式信任根的证书链
+// 入参: cert 证书, pool 证书池, trusts 信任证书, at 验证时间
+// 返回: error 验证错误
+func verifySignatureCertificateTrust(cert []byte, pool, trusts [][]byte, at time.Time) error {
 	c, err := parseSignatureCertificate(cert)
 	if err != nil {
-		return false
+		return err
 	}
-	if c.UnhandledCritical {
-		return false
+	if c.KeyUsage != 0 && c.KeyUsage&(smx509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature|smx509.KeyUsageContentCommitment) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("certificate does not authorize digital signatures")
 	}
-	if !target && verifyTime != nil && (verifyTime.Before(c.NotBefore) || verifyTime.After(c.NotAfter)) {
-		return false
-	}
-	if target {
-		if c.KeyUsage != 0 && c.KeyUsage&(x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature|x509.KeyUsageContentCommitment) == 0 {
-			return false
-		}
-	} else {
-		if !c.IsCA {
-			return false
-		}
-		if c.KeyUsage != 0 && c.KeyUsage&x509.KeyUsageCertSign == 0 {
-			return false
-		}
-		if c.MaxPathLen != nil && c.MaxPathLen.Cmp(big.NewInt(int64(caBelow))) < 0 {
-			return false
+	return verifySignatureCertificateChain(c, pool, trusts, at, smx509.ExtKeyUsageAny)
+}
+
+// verifySignatureCertificateChain 使用统一X.509实现验证证书链
+// 入参: cert 目标证书, pool 中间证书, trusts 信任根, at 验证时间, usage 扩展用途
+// 返回: error 验证错误
+func verifySignatureCertificateChain(cert *smx509.Certificate, pool, trusts [][]byte, at time.Time, usage smx509.ExtKeyUsage) error {
+	roots, intermediates := smx509.NewCertPool(), smx509.NewCertPool()
+	for _, group := range []struct {
+		data [][]byte
+		pool *smx509.CertPool
+	}{{trusts, roots}, {pool, intermediates}} {
+		for _, data := range group.data {
+			ca, err := parseSignatureCertificate(data)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			group.pool.AddCert(ca)
 		}
 	}
-	if trusted {
-		return true
-	}
-	nextCABelow := caBelow
-	if !target && !bytes.Equal(c.Issuer, c.Subject) {
-		nextCABelow++
-	}
-	for _, issuerCert := range pool {
-		if state.SignatureChecks >= signatureCertMaxChecks {
-			return false
-		}
-		if bytes.Equal(cert, issuerCert) {
-			continue
-		}
-		issuer, err := parseSignatureCertificate(issuerCert)
-		if err != nil || !bytes.Equal(c.Issuer, issuer.Subject) {
-			continue
-		}
-		state.SignatureChecks++
-		if ok, err := verifyCertificateSignature(c, issuerCert); err != nil || !ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		if signatureCertPathTrustedBy(issuerCert, pool, trusts, verifyTime, state, nextCABelow, false) {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
+	_, err := cert.Verify(smx509.VerifyOptions{Roots: roots, Intermediates: intermediates, CurrentTime: at, KeyUsages: []smx509.ExtKeyUsage{usage}})
+	return err
 }
 
 // verifyCertificateSignature 验证证书签名
 // 入参: cert 证书信息, issuerCert 颁发者证书
 // 返回: bool 是否验证通过, error 错误信息
-func verifyCertificateSignature(cert signatureCertificate, issuerCert []byte) (bool, error) {
-	if isSM2SignatureMethod(cert.SignatureAlg) {
-		pub, err := parseSM2PublicKeyFromCert(issuerCert)
-		if err != nil {
-			return false, err
-		}
-		return sm2VerifySignature(pub, nil, cert.TBS, cert.Signature), nil
+func verifyCertificateSignature(cert *smx509.Certificate, issuerCert []byte) (bool, error) {
+	issuer, err := parseSignatureCertificate(issuerCert)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
 	}
-	return verifyPublicKeySignature(cert.SignatureAlg, "", issuerCert, cert.TBS, cert.Signature)
+	err = issuer.CheckSignature(cert.SignatureAlgorithm, cert.RawTBSCertificate, cert.Signature)
+	return err == nil, err
 }
 
 // compactSignatureCerts 清理证书列表
@@ -895,21 +927,16 @@ func signatureCertInfo(data []byte) SignatureCertInfo {
 	if err != nil {
 		return SignatureCertInfo{}
 	}
-	subject := certificateNameValues(cert.SubjectValue)
-	issuer := certificateNameValues(cert.IssuerValue)
-	info := SignatureCertInfo{
-		Raw:          append([]byte(nil), data...),
-		Subject:      certificateNameString(subject),
-		CommonName:   certificateNameFirst(subject, "2.5.4.3"),
-		Organization: certificateNameFirst(subject, "2.5.4.10"),
-		Issuer:       certificateNameString(issuer),
+	return SignatureCertInfo{
+		Raw:          bytes.Clone(cert.Raw),
+		Subject:      cert.Subject.String(),
+		CommonName:   cert.Subject.CommonName,
+		Organization: strings.Join(cert.Subject.Organization, ", "),
+		Issuer:       cert.Issuer.String(),
 		NotBefore:    cert.NotBefore,
 		NotAfter:     cert.NotAfter,
+		SerialNumber: cert.SerialNumber.String(),
 	}
-	if cert.Serial != nil {
-		info.SerialNumber = cert.Serial.String()
-	}
-	return info
 }
 
 // parseSignatureDateTime 解析带时区的签名时间
@@ -929,227 +956,17 @@ func parseSignatureDateTime(value string) time.Time {
 	return time.Time{}
 }
 
-const (
-	signatureExtensionKeyUsage         = "2.5.29.15"
-	signatureExtensionBasicConstraints = "2.5.29.19"
-)
-
-// signatureCertificateExtensions 签名证书扩展
-type signatureCertificateExtensions struct {
-	IsCA              bool
-	MaxPathLen        *big.Int
-	KeyUsage          x509.KeyUsage
-	UnhandledCritical bool
-}
-
-// signatureCertificate 签名证书结构
-type signatureCertificate struct {
-	Raw          []byte
-	TBS          []byte
-	Issuer       []byte
-	IssuerValue  asn1.RawValue
-	Subject      []byte
-	SubjectValue asn1.RawValue
-	PublicKey    asn1.RawValue
-	Serial       *big.Int
-	NotBefore    time.Time
-	NotAfter     time.Time
-	SignatureAlg string
-	Signature    []byte
-	signatureCertificateExtensions
-}
-
-// parseSignatureCertificate 解析签名证书
-// 入参: data DER编码证书
-// 返回: signatureCertificate 签名证书结构, error 错误信息
-func parseSignatureCertificate(data []byte) (signatureCertificate, error) {
-	var cert struct {
-		TBSCertificate     asn1.RawValue
-		SignatureAlgorithm asn1.RawValue
-		SignatureValue     asn1.BitString
-	}
-	rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(data, &cert)
-	if err != nil || len(rest) != 0 {
-		return signatureCertificate{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid certificate")
-	}
-	items, ok := asn1Children(cert.TBSCertificate.Bytes)
-	if !ok {
-		return signatureCertificate{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid tbs certificate")
-	}
-	idx := 0
-	if len(items) > 0 && items[0].Class == asn1.ClassContextSpecific && items[0].Tag == 0 {
-		idx++
-	}
-	if len(items) <= idx+5 {
-		return signatureCertificate{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid certificate")
-	}
-	if !bytes.Equal(items[idx+1].FullBytes, cert.SignatureAlgorithm.FullBytes) {
-		return signatureCertificate{}, fmt.Errorf("certificate signature algorithm mismatch")
-	}
-	serial, err := asn1IntegerBig(items[idx])
-	if err != nil {
-		return signatureCertificate{}, err
-	}
-	validity, err := parseCertificateValidity(items[idx+3])
-	if err != nil {
-		return signatureCertificate{}, err
-	}
-	extensions, err := parseSignatureCertificateExtensions(items[idx+6:])
-	if err != nil {
-		return signatureCertificate{}, err
-	}
-	alg, err := parseGBTAlgorithm(cert.SignatureAlgorithm)
-	if err != nil {
-		return signatureCertificate{}, err
-	}
-	if cert.SignatureValue.BitLength%8 != 0 {
-		return signatureCertificate{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid certificate signature")
-	}
-	return signatureCertificate{
-		Raw:                            append([]byte(nil), data...),
-		TBS:                            append([]byte(nil), cert.TBSCertificate.FullBytes...),
-		Issuer:                         append([]byte(nil), items[idx+2].FullBytes...),
-		IssuerValue:                    items[idx+2],
-		Subject:                        append([]byte(nil), items[idx+4].FullBytes...),
-		SubjectValue:                   items[idx+4],
-		PublicKey:                      items[idx+5],
-		Serial:                         serial,
-		NotBefore:                      validity[0],
-		NotAfter:                       validity[1],
-		SignatureAlg:                   alg,
-		Signature:                      append([]byte(nil), cert.SignatureValue.Bytes...),
-		signatureCertificateExtensions: extensions,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-// parseSignatureCertificateExtensions 解析签名证书扩展
-// 入参: items TBS证书剩余字段
-// 返回: signatureCertificateExtensions 签名证书扩展, error 错误信息
-func parseSignatureCertificateExtensions(items []asn1.RawValue) (signatureCertificateExtensions, error) {
-	var out signatureCertificateExtensions
-	var extensions []struct {
-		ID       asn1.ObjectIdentifier
-		Critical bool `asn1:"optional"`
-		Value    []byte
-	}
-	found := false
-	for _, item := range items {
-		if item.Class != asn1.ClassContextSpecific || item.Tag != 3 {
-			continue
-		}
-		if found || !item.IsCompound {
-			return out, fmt.Errorf("invalid certificate extensions")
-		}
-		found = true
-		rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(item.Bytes, &extensions)
-		if err != nil || len(rest) != 0 {
-			return out, fmt.Errorf("invalid certificate extensions")
+// parseSignatureCertificate 解析唯一的PEM或DER证书
+// 入参: data 证书数据
+// 返回: *smx509.Certificate 证书, error 错误信息
+func parseSignatureCertificate(data []byte) (*smx509.Certificate, error) {
+	if block, rest := pem.Decode(data); block != nil {
+		if block.Type != "CERTIFICATE" || len(block.Headers) != 0 || len(bytes.TrimSpace(rest)) != 0 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("expected one certificate")
 		}
+		data = block.Bytes
 	}
-	seen := make(map[string]bool)
-	for _, extension := range extensions {
-		oid := extension.ID.String()
-		if seen[oid] {
-			return out, fmt.Errorf("duplicate certificate extension: %s", oid)
-		}
-		seen[oid] = true
-		switch oid {
-		case signatureExtensionBasicConstraints:
-			isCA, maxPathLen, err := parseSignatureBasicConstraints(extension.Value)
-			if err != nil {
-				return out, err
-			}
-			out.IsCA = isCA
-			out.MaxPathLen = maxPathLen
-		case signatureExtensionKeyUsage:
-			keyUsage, err := parseSignatureKeyUsage(extension.Value)
-			if err != nil {
-				return out, err
-			}
-			out.KeyUsage = keyUsage
-		default:
-			if extension.Critical {
-				out.UnhandledCritical = true
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-// parseSignatureBasicConstraints 解析证书基本约束
-// 入参: data 扩展DER数据
-// 返回: bool 是否为CA, *big.Int 路径长度限制, error 错误信息
-func parseSignatureBasicConstraints(data []byte) (bool, *big.Int, error) {
-	var raw asn1.RawValue
-	rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(data, &raw)
-	if err != nil || len(rest) != 0 || raw.Tag != asn1.TagSequence || !raw.IsCompound {
-		return false, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid basic constraints")
-	}
-	items, ok := asn1Children(raw.Bytes)
-	if !ok || len(items) > 2 {
-		return false, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid basic constraints")
-	}
-	idx := 0
-	isCA := false
-	if len(items) > 0 && items[0].Tag == asn1.TagBoolean {
-		rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(items[0].FullBytes, &isCA)
-		if err != nil || len(rest) != 0 {
-			return false, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid basic constraints")
-		}
-		idx++
-	}
-	var maxPathLen *big.Int
-	if idx < len(items) {
-		maxPathLen, err = asn1IntegerBig(items[idx])
-		if err != nil || maxPathLen.Sign() < 0 {
-			return false, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid basic constraints")
-		}
-		idx++
-	}
-	if idx != len(items) || (maxPathLen != nil && !isCA) {
-		return false, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid basic constraints")
-	}
-	return isCA, maxPathLen, nil
-}
-
-// parseSignatureKeyUsage 解析证书密钥用途
-// 入参: data 扩展DER数据
-// 返回: x509.KeyUsage 密钥用途, error 错误信息
-func parseSignatureKeyUsage(data []byte) (x509.KeyUsage, error) {
-	var bits asn1.BitString
-	rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(data, &bits)
-	if err != nil || len(rest) != 0 || bits.BitLength == 0 || bits.BitLength > 9 {
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("invalid key usage")
-	}
-	var out x509.KeyUsage
-	for i := 0; i < bits.BitLength; i++ {
-		if bits.At(i) != 0 {
-			out |= 1 << uint(i)
-		}
-	}
-	if out == 0 {
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("invalid key usage")
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-// parseCertificateValidity 解析证书有效期
-// 入参: raw 证书有效期ASN.1值
-// 返回: [2]time.Time 生效和失效时间, error 错误信息
-func parseCertificateValidity(raw asn1.RawValue) ([2]time.Time, error) {
-	items, ok := asn1Children(raw.Bytes)
-	if !ok || len(items) != 2 {
-		return [2]time.Time{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid certificate validity")
-	}
-	notBefore, err := asn1Time(items[0])
-	if err != nil {
-		return [2]time.Time{}, err
-	}
-	notAfter, err := asn1Time(items[1])
-	if err != nil {
-		return [2]time.Time{}, err
-	}
-	return [2]time.Time{notBefore, notAfter}, nil
+	return smx509.ParseCertificate(data)
 }
 
 // asn1Time 解析ASN.1时间
@@ -1164,82 +981,15 @@ func asn1Time(raw asn1.RawValue) (time.Time, error) {
 	return t, nil
 }
 
-// certificateNameValues 解析证书名称字段
-// 入参: raw 名称原始值
-// 返回: map[string][]string OID字段列表
-func certificateNameValues(raw asn1.RawValue) map[string][]string {
-	out := make(map[string][]string)
-	sets, ok := asn1Children(raw.Bytes)
-	if !ok {
-		return out
-	}
-	for _, set := range sets {
-		attrs, ok := asn1Children(set.Bytes)
-		if !ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		for _, attr := range attrs {
-			items, ok := asn1Children(attr.Bytes)
-			if !ok || len(items) < 2 {
-				continue
-			}
-			oid, err := asn1OIDString(items[0])
-			if err != nil {
-				continue
-			}
-			if value := strings.TrimSpace(asn1String(items[1])); value != "" {
-				out[oid] = append(out[oid], value)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return out
-}
-
-// certificateNameFirst 获取证书名称字段首值
-// 入参: values OID字段列表, oid 字段OID
-// 返回: string 字段值
-func certificateNameFirst(values map[string][]string, oid string) string {
-	if items := values[oid]; len(items) > 0 {
-		return items[0]
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-// certificateNameString 格式化证书名称
-// 入参: values OID字段列表
-// 返回: string 证书名称
-func certificateNameString(values map[string][]string) string {
-	var parts []string
-	for _, item := range []struct {
-		OID   string
-		Label string
-	}{
-		{"2.5.4.3", "CN"},
-		{"2.5.4.10", "O"},
-		{"2.5.4.11", "OU"},
-		{"2.5.4.6", "C"},
-		{"2.5.4.8", "ST"},
-		{"2.5.4.7", "L"},
-		{"2.5.4.5", "SN"},
-		{"1.2.840.113549.1.9.1", "E"},
-	} {
-		for _, value := range values[item.OID] {
-			parts = append(parts, item.Label+"="+value)
-		}
-	}
-	return strings.Join(parts, ", ")
-}
-
 // parseSignatureCerts 解析签名验证证书
 // 入参: data DER或PEM编码证书
 // 返回: [][]byte DER编码证书列表
 func parseSignatureCerts(data []byte) [][]byte {
-	data = bytes.TrimSpace(data)
 	if len(data) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
 	var certs [][]byte
-	rest := data
+	rest := bytes.TrimSpace(data)
 	hasPEM := false
 	for {
 		block, next := pem.Decode(rest)
diff --git a/ofdgo_sign_write.go b/ofdgo_sign_write.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5584586
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_sign_write.go
@@ -0,0 +1,503 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+import (
+	"archive/zip"
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/xml"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"path"
+	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// SignatureWriteMode 签署方式
+type SignatureWriteMode uint8
+
+const (
+	// SignatureAppend 追加签署，要求原活动签名有效且未保护签名列表
+	SignatureAppend SignatureWriteMode = iota
+	// SignatureReplace 重新签署，替换全部活动签名，保留原签名数据文件
+	SignatureReplace
+)
+
+// SignatureWriteOptions 最终包签署选项，不修改Editor或调用方的原件
+// SM2数字签名使用GB/T 35275-2017消息结构；RSA/ECDSA使用裸签名，验签需WithSignatureCert
+// Seal仅接受已有合法SES v4电子印章，使用SM2/SM3，不声明GM/T 0031-2025兼容
+// TrustRoots必须显式指定；证书吊销状态和外部业务授权由调用方在签署前检查
+type SignatureWriteOptions struct {
+	Signer        crypto.Signer
+	Certificate   []byte
+	TrustRoots    [][]byte
+	Intermediates [][]byte
+	Seal          []byte
+	Stamps        []SignatureStamp
+	Mode          SignatureWriteMode
+	// Time是自报签署时间，不是可信时间戳；零值取当前时间
+	Time     time.Time
+	Provider SignatureProvider
+	// Lock保护签名列表，禁止后续追加签署
+	Lock bool
+	// ExistingVerifyOptions用于追加前与写出后回验，例如提供其他旧裸签名的证书
+	ExistingVerifyOptions []SignatureVerifyOption
+	// ReaderOptions用于打开加密包；Encryption为空时继承阅读器的加密策略
+	ReaderOptions []ReaderOption
+	Encryption    *EncryptionOptions
+	progress      editorProgress
+}
+
+// SignPackage 签署最终OFD包，失败时返回nil且不修改输入
+// 入参: data 最终包字节, options 签署选项
+// 返回: []byte 签署后的完整包, error 错误信息
+func SignPackage(data []byte, options SignatureWriteOptions) ([]byte, error) {
+	r, err := NewReader(bytes.NewReader(data), int64(len(data)), options.ReaderOptions...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return signatureWriteOutput(r, options)
+}
+
+// SignEditorTo 将编辑器序列化为最终文件后签署，保留或显式覆盖加密策略
+// 不修改编辑器状态；OnWriteProgress可在准备、签署和加密阶段取消，准备失败不写入目标
+// 输出目标不得覆盖源文件；目标自身写入失败时调用方应丢弃部分输出
+// 入参: writer 输出目标, editor 编辑器, options 签署选项
+// 返回: int64 写出字节数, error 错误信息
+func SignEditorTo(writer io.Writer, editor *Editor, options SignatureWriteOptions) (int64, error) {
+	if writer == nil || editor == nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("nil signature editor or writer")
+	}
+	if options.Encryption == nil && editor.encryption != nil && editor.encryption.options == nil {
+		return 0, ErrEncryptionPolicyRequired
+	}
+	var plain bytes.Buffer
+	defer func() { clear(plain.Bytes()) }()
+	if _, err := editor.writePlaintext(&plain); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	r, err := NewReader(bytes.NewReader(plain.Bytes()), int64(plain.Len()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	r.encryption = editor.encryption
+	options.progress = editorProgress(editor.OnWriteProgress)
+	return r.SignTo(writer, options)
+}
+
+// SignTo 从阅读器包内容创建独立快照，完成签署和回验后写出
+// 不采用可变的Doc/OFD模型；调用方应先将Editor写出为最终包
+// 准备失败不写入writer；writer自身失败可能已写入部分输出，不保证目标原子替换
+// 入参: writer 独立的输出目标，不得覆盖源文件, options 签署选项
+// 返回: int64 写出字节数, error 错误信息
+func (r *Reader) SignTo(writer io.Writer, options SignatureWriteOptions) (int64, error) {
+	if writer == nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("nil signature writer")
+	}
+	data, err := signatureWriteOutput(r, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	n, err := writer.Write(data)
+	if err == nil && n != len(data) {
+		err = io.ErrShortWrite
+	}
+	return int64(n), err
+}
+
+// signatureWriteOutput 签署后恢复加密策略，禁止加密来源静默输出明文
+// 入参: r 阅读器, options 签署选项
+// 返回: []byte 输出包, error 错误信息
+func signatureWriteOutput(r *Reader, options SignatureWriteOptions) ([]byte, error) {
+	if r == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("nil signature reader")
+	}
+	encryption := options.Encryption
+	if encryption == nil && r.encryption != nil {
+		encryption = r.encryption.options
+		if encryption == nil {
+			return nil, ErrEncryptionPolicyRequired
+		}
+	}
+	if encryption != nil {
+		if err := validateEncryptionOptions(*encryption); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	parts, err := signatureWriteParts(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if encryption != nil {
+		defer func() {
+			for _, data := range parts {
+				clear(data)
+			}
+		}()
+	}
+	if err := options.progress.report("sign", 0, 1); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	data, err := signatureWritePackage(parts, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := options.progress.report("sign", 1, 1); err != nil {
+		clear(data)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if encryption != nil {
+		defer clear(data)
+		if options.progress != nil {
+			signed, err := NewReader(bytes.NewReader(data), int64(len(data)))
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			files, err := signatureWriteParts(signed)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			defer func() {
+				for _, data := range files {
+					clear(data)
+				}
+			}()
+			return encryptPackageParts(files, *encryption, options.progress)
+		}
+		return EncryptPackage(data, *encryption)
+	}
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+// signatureWriteParts 使用阅读器统一路径规则读取独立包快照
+// 入参: r 阅读器
+// 返回: map[string][]byte 包文件, error 错误信息
+func signatureWriteParts(r *Reader) (map[string][]byte, error) {
+	if r == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("nil signature reader")
+	}
+	if err := r.indexPackage(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return r.packageData()
+}
+
+// signatureWritePackage 基于未重新编码的文件字节创建签名
+// 签名目录采用Sign_N兼容OFDRW容器，标识使用独立的sN签章域
+// 入参: parts 独立包文件, options 签署选项
+// 返回: []byte 完整包, error 错误信息
+func signatureWritePackage(parts map[string][]byte, options SignatureWriteOptions) ([]byte, error) {
+	if options.Mode != SignatureAppend && options.Mode != SignatureReplace {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported signature write mode")
+	}
+	r := &Reader{files: parts}
+	if err := r.initRoot(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if len(r.OFD.DocBody) != 1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("signature writing requires exactly one document")
+	}
+	doc, err := r.Doc()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if options.Time.IsZero() {
+		options.Time = time.Now()
+	}
+	options.Time = options.Time.UTC().Truncate(time.Second)
+	identity, err := signatureWriteIdentity(options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	stamps, err := signatureWriteStamps(r, options.Stamps, len(options.Seal) != 0)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var list Signatures
+	listPath := r.ResPath(doc.Signatures)
+	if doc.Signatures != "" {
+		data, ok := parts[listPath]
+		if !ok {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("signature list not found: %s", listPath)
+		}
+		if err := xml.Unmarshal(data, &list); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	oldCount := len(list.List)
+	verifyOptions := append([]SignatureVerifyOption(nil), options.ExistingVerifyOptions...)
+	verifyOptions = append(verifyOptions, WithSignatureCert(identity.cert.Raw))
+	if options.Mode == SignatureAppend && oldCount > 0 {
+		reports, err := r.VerifySignatures(verifyOptions...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		ids := make(map[string]bool)
+		for _, report := range reports {
+			if !report.Valid || report.StampPositionError != "" || ids[report.ID] || report.ID == "" {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("existing signature %s is invalid: %s", report.ID, report.Error)
+			}
+			ids[report.ID] = true
+			for _, ref := range report.References {
+				if ref.Path == listPath {
+					return nil, fmt.Errorf("signature %s protects the signature list", report.ID)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if doc.Signatures == "" {
+		listPath = signatureWriteAvailable(parts, path.Join(r.RootDir, "Signs", "Signatures.xml"))
+		root, err := parseEditorXML(parts["OFD.xml"])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		body := root.child("DocBody")
+		if body == nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing document body")
+		}
+		parts["OFD.xml"] = editorXMLSetText(parts["OFD.xml"], body, [][2]string{{"Signatures", "/" + listPath}})
+	}
+	if options.Mode == SignatureReplace {
+		list.List = nil
+		oldCount = 0
+	}
+	id, stamps, err := signatureWriteIDs(&list, listPath, parts, stamps)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	directory := ""
+	for n := 1; ; n++ {
+		directory = path.Join(path.Dir(listPath), "Sign_"+strconv.Itoa(n))
+		occupied := false
+		for name := range parts {
+			if strings.EqualFold(name, directory) || strings.HasPrefix(strings.ToLower(name), strings.ToLower(directory)+"/") {
+				occupied = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !occupied {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	sigPath, valuePath, sealPath := path.Join(directory, "Signature.xml"), path.Join(directory, "SignedValue.dat"), path.Join(directory, "Seal.esl")
+	kind := SignTypeSign
+	if len(options.Seal) > 0 {
+		kind = SignTypeSeal
+		parts[sealPath] = bytes.Clone(options.Seal)
+	}
+	list.List = append(list.List, Signature{ID: id, Type: kind, BaseLoc: "/" + sigPath})
+	parts[listPath], err = signatureWriteXML("Signatures", list)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	refs := SignatureReferences{CheckMethod: identity.digest}
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(parts))
+	for name := range parts {
+		names = append(names, name)
+	}
+	slices.Sort(names)
+	for index, name := range names {
+		if err := options.progress.report("signature-references", index, len(names)); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if name == listPath && !options.Lock {
+			continue
+		}
+		digest, err := signatureDigest(identity.digest, parts[name])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		refs.Reference = append(refs.Reference, SignatureReference{FileRef: "/" + name, CheckValue: base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(digest)})
+	}
+	if err := options.progress.report("signature-references", len(names), len(names)); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	provider := options.Provider
+	if provider.ProviderName == "" {
+		provider.ProviderName = "ofdgo"
+	}
+	info := signatureWriteInfo{Provider: provider, SignatureMethod: identity.method, SignatureDateTime: options.Time.Format(time.RFC3339), References: refs, Stamps: stamps}
+	if kind == SignTypeSeal {
+		info.Seal = &SignatureSeal{BaseLoc: "/" + sealPath}
+	}
+	file := struct {
+		Info  signatureWriteInfo `xml:"SignedInfo"`
+		Value string             `xml:"SignedValue"`
+	}{info, "/" + valuePath}
+	parts[sigPath], err = signatureWriteXML("Signature", file)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	parts[valuePath], err = identity.sign(parts[sigPath], "/"+sigPath, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	output, err := signatureWriteZIP(parts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	check, err := NewReader(bytes.NewReader(output), int64(len(output)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	reports, err := check.VerifySignatures(verifyOptions...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if len(reports) != oldCount+1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("signature verification count mismatch")
+	}
+	for _, report := range reports {
+		if !report.Valid || report.StampPositionError != "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("written signature %s failed verification: %s", report.ID, report.Error)
+		}
+	}
+	return output, nil
+}
+
+// signatureWriteIDs 为签名和全部外观分配同一签章域的标识，不修改文档图元编号
+// 入参: list 签名列表, listPath 列表路径, parts 包文件, stamps 外观
+// 返回: string 签名标识, []SignatureStamp 外观, error 错误信息
+func signatureWriteIDs(list *Signatures, listPath string, parts map[string][]byte, stamps []SignatureStamp) (string, []SignatureStamp, error) {
+	used := make(map[string]bool)
+	var maximum uint64
+	track := func(id string) {
+		n, err := strconv.ParseUint(strings.TrimPrefix(id, "s"), 10, 64)
+		if err == nil && n > maximum {
+			maximum = n
+		}
+	}
+	track(list.MaxSignID)
+	add := func(id string) error {
+		if !signatureWriteIDValid(id) || used[id] {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid or duplicate signature ID: %s", id)
+		}
+		used[id] = true
+		track(id)
+		return nil
+	}
+	for _, ref := range list.List {
+		if err := add(ref.ID); err != nil {
+			return "", nil, err
+		}
+		file, err := parseSignatureFile(parts[signatureRefPath(listPath, ref.BaseLoc)])
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", nil, err
+		}
+		for _, stamp := range file.SignedInfo.StampAnnot {
+			if err := add(stamp.ID); err != nil {
+				return "", nil, err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	for _, stamp := range stamps {
+		if stamp.ID != "" {
+			if err := add(stamp.ID); err != nil {
+				return "", nil, err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	next := func() (string, error) {
+		if maximum == ^uint64(0) {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("signature ID exhausted")
+		}
+		maximum++
+		return "s" + strconv.FormatUint(maximum, 10), nil
+	}
+	id, err := next()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, err
+	}
+	for i := range stamps {
+		if stamps[i].ID == "" {
+			stamps[i].ID, err = next()
+			if err != nil {
+				return "", nil, err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	list.MaxSignID = "s" + strconv.FormatUint(maximum, 10)
+	return id, stamps, nil
+}
+
+// signatureWriteInfo 写出签名信息，省略数字签名中不存在的印章
+type signatureWriteInfo struct {
+	Provider          SignatureProvider   `xml:"Provider"`
+	SignatureMethod   string              `xml:"SignatureMethod"`
+	SignatureDateTime string              `xml:"SignatureDateTime"`
+	References        SignatureReferences `xml:"References"`
+	Stamps            []SignatureStamp    `xml:"StampAnnot,omitempty"`
+	Seal              *SignatureSeal      `xml:"Seal,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// signatureWriteXML 编码带OFD命名空间的签名文件
+// 入参: name 根节点名称, value 内容
+// 返回: []byte XML, error 错误信息
+func signatureWriteXML(name string, value any) ([]byte, error) {
+	var out bytes.Buffer
+	out.WriteString(xml.Header)
+	err := xml.NewEncoder(&out).EncodeElement(value, xml.StartElement{Name: xml.Name{Space: ofdNamespace, Local: name}})
+	return out.Bytes(), err
+}
+
+// signatureWriteAvailable 分配不覆盖原文件的路径
+// 入参: parts 原包文件, name 候选路径
+// 返回: string 可用路径
+func signatureWriteAvailable(parts map[string][]byte, name string) string {
+	original := name
+	for i := 1; ; i++ {
+		found := false
+		for existing := range parts {
+			if strings.EqualFold(existing, name) {
+				found = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !found {
+			return name
+		}
+		name = path.Join(path.Dir(original), strconv.Itoa(i)+"_"+path.Base(original))
+	}
+}
+
+// signatureWriteZIP 写出完整包，不重新编码受保护文件
+// 入参: parts 文件集合
+// 返回: []byte 包字节, error 错误信息
+func signatureWriteZIP(parts map[string][]byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	var out bytes.Buffer
+	w := zip.NewWriter(&out)
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(parts))
+	for name := range parts {
+		names = append(names, name)
+	}
+	slices.Sort(names)
+	for _, name := range names {
+		f, err := w.Create(name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if _, err := f.Write(parts[name]); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	if err := w.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return out.Bytes(), nil
+}
diff --git a/ofdgo_sign_write_crypto.go b/ofdgo_sign_write_crypto.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98c3414
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_sign_write_crypto.go
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto"
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/elliptic"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/rsa"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"crypto/x509/pkix"
+	"encoding/asn1"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/big"
+	"reflect"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/pkcs8"
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/sm2"
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/sm3"
+	"github.com/emmansun/gmsm/smx509"
+)
+
+// ParseSignatureIdentity 解析签署私钥和证书，并检查公私钥对应关系
+// 支持普通PKCS8、SEC1、PKCS1以及加密PKCS8，不支持传统加密PEM
+// 不加载系统信任或暗中信任该证书，返回的SM2/RSA私钥同时实现crypto.Decrypter
+// 入参: certificate 证书DER或PEM, privateKey 私钥DER或PEM, password 可选的单一私钥口令
+// 返回: crypto.Signer 签署器, []byte 证书DER, error 错误信息
+func ParseSignatureIdentity(certificate, privateKey []byte, password ...[]byte) (crypto.Signer, []byte, error) {
+	if len(password) > 1 {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("expected at most one private key password")
+	}
+	cert, err := parseSignatureCertificate(certificate)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+	der := privateKey
+	encrypted := false
+	if block, rest := pem.Decode(privateKey); block != nil {
+		if len(bytes.TrimSpace(rest)) != 0 || len(block.Headers) != 0 {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("legacy encrypted PEM or multiple private keys are unsupported")
+		}
+		encrypted = block.Type == "ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY"
+		if !encrypted && block.Type != "PRIVATE KEY" && block.Type != "RSA PRIVATE KEY" && block.Type != "EC PRIVATE KEY" {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported private key PEM type")
+		}
+		der = block.Bytes
+	}
+	var raw asn1.RawValue
+	if rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(der, &raw); err != nil || len(rest) != 0 || raw.Tag != asn1.TagSequence || raw.Class != asn1.ClassUniversal {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid private key encoding")
+	}
+	var pass []byte
+	if len(password) == 1 {
+		pass = bytes.Clone(password[0])
+		defer clear(pass)
+	}
+	if encrypted && len(pass) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("private key password required")
+	}
+	key, err := pkcs8.ParsePKCS8PrivateKey(der, pass)
+	if err != nil && !encrypted {
+		key, err = smx509.ParsePKCS8PrivateKey(der)
+		if err != nil {
+			key, err = smx509.ParseTypedECPrivateKey(der)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			key, err = x509.ParsePKCS1PrivateKey(der)
+		}
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid private key or incorrect password")
+	}
+	signer, ok := key.(crypto.Signer)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported signature private key")
+	}
+	if _, _, err := signatureWriteAlgorithm(signer, cert); err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+	return signer, bytes.Clone(cert.Raw), nil
+}
+
+// signatureWriteKey 已验证签署身份
+type signatureWriteKey struct {
+	cert   *smx509.Certificate
+	method string
+	digest string
+}
+
+// signatureWriteIdentity 检查签署身份、证书信任与印章授权
+// 制章证书按制章时间验证，不以签署时间代替制章时间
+// 入参: options 签署选项
+// 返回: *signatureWriteKey 已验证身份, error 错误信息
+func signatureWriteIdentity(options SignatureWriteOptions) (*signatureWriteKey, error) {
+	cert, err := parseSignatureCertificate(options.Certificate)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	method, digest, err := signatureWriteAlgorithm(options.Signer, cert)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := signatureWriteTrust(cert, options.Time, options); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("signer certificate: %w", err)
+	}
+	if len(options.Seal) > 0 {
+		if method != signMethodSM2SM3 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("SES v4 writing requires SM2/SM3")
+		}
+		var raw asn1.RawValue
+		rest, err := asn1.Unmarshal(options.Seal, &raw)
+		if err != nil || len(rest) != 0 || raw.Tag != asn1.TagSequence || raw.Class != asn1.ClassUniversal {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid SES seal DER; image files are not electronic seals")
+		}
+		if err := signatureWriteSealStructure(raw); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		seal, err := parseSESSeal(raw)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if seal.Info.Version != 4 || seal.SignAlg != signMethodSM2SM3 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("only SES v4 SM2/SM3 seals are supported")
+		}
+		if !sesCertInList(cert.Raw, seal.CertList) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("signer certificate is not authorized by the seal")
+		}
+		if seal.Info.CreateTime.IsZero() || seal.Info.ValidStart.IsZero() || seal.Info.ValidEnd.IsZero() || options.Time.Before(seal.Info.CreateTime) || options.Time.Before(seal.Info.ValidStart) || options.Time.After(seal.Info.ValidEnd) || seal.Info.ValidEnd.Before(seal.Info.ValidStart) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("seal is not valid at signature time")
+		}
+		maker, err := parseSignatureCertificate(seal.Cert)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if err := signatureWriteTrust(maker, seal.Info.CreateTime, options); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("seal maker certificate: %w", err)
+		}
+		pub, ok := maker.PublicKey.(*ecdsa.PublicKey)
+		if !ok || !sm2.IsSM2PublicKey(pub) || !sm2.VerifyASN1WithSM2(pub, nil, seal.SignData, seal.Signature) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid seal maker signature")
+		}
+		mediaType, media := probeSealMedia(seal.PicData)
+		if len(media) == 0 || mediaType != normalizeSealType(seal.PicType) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid seal picture")
+		}
+	}
+	return &signatureWriteKey{cert: cert, method: method, digest: digest}, nil
+}
+
+// signatureWriteSealStructure 限定SES v4印章结构，拒绝旧版容器伪装和无效图像尺寸
+// 入参: raw 印章DER节点
+// 返回: error 错误信息
+func signatureWriteSealStructure(raw asn1.RawValue) error {
+	items, ok := asn1Children(raw.Bytes)
+	if !ok || len(items) != 4 || items[0].Tag != asn1.TagSequence || items[1].Tag != asn1.TagOctetString || items[2].Tag != asn1.TagOID || items[3].Tag != asn1.TagBitString {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported SES v4 seal structure")
+	}
+	for _, item := range items {
+		if item.Class != asn1.ClassUniversal {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid SES v4 seal tag")
+		}
+	}
+	info, ok := asn1Children(items[0].Bytes)
+	if !ok || len(info) < 4 || len(info) > 5 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid SES v4 seal info")
+	}
+	header, ok := asn1Children(info[0].Bytes)
+	if !ok || len(header) != 3 || header[0].Tag != asn1.TagIA5String || header[2].Tag != asn1.TagIA5String || info[1].Tag != asn1.TagIA5String {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid SES v4 seal header")
+	}
+	picture, ok := asn1Children(info[3].Bytes)
+	if !ok || len(picture) != 4 || picture[0].Tag != asn1.TagIA5String || picture[1].Tag != asn1.TagOctetString {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid SES v4 picture structure")
+	}
+	w, err := asn1Integer(picture[2])
+	if err != nil || w <= 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid SES v4 picture width")
+	}
+	h, err := asn1Integer(picture[3])
+	if err != nil || h <= 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid SES v4 picture height")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// signatureWriteAlgorithm 校验证书、公钥匹配和支持的安全算法
+// 入参: signer 签署器, cert 证书
+// 返回: string 签名算法OID, string 摘要OID, error 错误信息
+func signatureWriteAlgorithm(signer crypto.Signer, cert *smx509.Certificate) (string, string, error) {
+	if signer == nil || reflect.ValueOf(signer).Kind() == reflect.Ptr && reflect.ValueOf(signer).IsNil() {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("nil signature signer")
+	}
+	pub := signer.Public()
+	match, ok := cert.PublicKey.(interface{ Equal(crypto.PublicKey) bool })
+	if !ok || !match.Equal(pub) {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("signature certificate and private key do not match")
+	}
+	switch key := pub.(type) {
+	case *rsa.PublicKey:
+		if key.N == nil || key.N.BitLen() < 2048 || key.E < 65537 {
+			return "", "", fmt.Errorf("RSA signature key must be at least 2048 bits with exponent at least 65537")
+		}
+		return "1.2.840.113549.1.1.11", "2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1", nil
+	case *ecdsa.PublicKey:
+		if sm2.IsSM2PublicKey(key) {
+			return signMethodSM2SM3, signDigestSM3, nil
+		}
+		if key.Curve != elliptic.P256() && key.Curve != elliptic.P384() && key.Curve != elliptic.P521() {
+			return "", "", fmt.Errorf("unsupported ECDSA signature curve")
+		}
+		return "1.2.840.10045.4.3.2", "2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1", nil
+	default:
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("unsupported signature public key")
+	}
+}
+
+// signatureWriteTrust 校验证书用途、有效期和调用方显式指定的信任链
+// 入参: cert 证书, at 验证时间, options 签署选项
+// 返回: error 错误信息
+func signatureWriteTrust(cert *smx509.Certificate, at time.Time, options SignatureWriteOptions) error {
+	if cert.KeyUsage != 0 && cert.KeyUsage&(smx509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature|smx509.KeyUsageContentCommitment) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("certificate does not authorize digital signatures")
+	}
+	if len(options.TrustRoots) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("explicit signature trust roots are required")
+	}
+	return verifySignatureCertificateChain(cert, options.Intermediates, options.TrustRoots, at, smx509.ExtKeyUsageAny)
+}
+
+// sign 编码数字签名或SES v4签章
+// 入参: data 最终Signature.xml原文, property 包内绝对路径, options 签署选项
+// 返回: []byte 签名值, error 错误信息
+func (key *signatureWriteKey) sign(data []byte, property string, options SignatureWriteOptions) ([]byte, error) {
+	if len(options.Seal) == 0 {
+		if key.method != signMethodSM2SM3 {
+			return key.signMessage(data, options.Signer)
+		}
+		digest := sm3.Sum(data)
+		signature, err := key.signMessage(digest[:], options.Signer)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return signatureWriteSignedData(key.cert, digest[:], signature)
+	}
+	digest := sm3.Sum(data)
+	tbs, err := asn1.Marshal(struct {
+		Version  int
+		Seal     asn1.RawValue
+		Time     time.Time `asn1:"generalized"`
+		Hash     asn1.BitString
+		Property string `asn1:"ia5"`
+	}{4, asn1.RawValue{FullBytes: options.Seal}, options.Time, asn1.BitString{Bytes: digest[:], BitLength: 256}, property})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	signature, err := key.signMessage(tbs, options.Signer)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return asn1.Marshal(struct {
+		TBS         asn1.RawValue
+		Certificate []byte
+		Algorithm   asn1.ObjectIdentifier
+		Signature   asn1.BitString
+	}{asn1.RawValue{FullBytes: tbs}, key.cert.Raw, asn1.ObjectIdentifier{1, 2, 156, 10197, 1, 501}, asn1.BitString{Bytes: signature, BitLength: len(signature) * 8}})
+}
+
+// signMessage 通过crypto.Signer调用成熟实现或硬件签署器
+// SM2签署器必须接受gmsm的SM2SignerOption，接收原文并计算默认用户标识的ZA
+// 入参: data 原文, signer 签署器
+// 返回: []byte 签名值, error 错误信息
+func (key *signatureWriteKey) signMessage(data []byte, signer crypto.Signer) ([]byte, error) {
+	if key.method == signMethodSM2SM3 {
+		return signer.Sign(rand.Reader, data, sm2.NewSM2SignerOption(true, nil))
+	}
+	digest := sha256.Sum256(data)
+	return signer.Sign(rand.Reader, digest[:], crypto.SHA256)
+}
+
+// signatureWriteSignedData 编码带签署证书的SM2数字签名消息
+// 入参: cert 证书, digest 文档描述摘要, signature SM2签名值
+// 返回: []byte SignedData编码, error 错误信息
+func signatureWriteSignedData(cert *smx509.Certificate, digest, signature []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	type contentInfo struct {
+		Type    asn1.ObjectIdentifier
+		Content asn1.RawValue
+	}
+	type signerInfo struct {
+		Version         int
+		IssuerAndSerial struct {
+			Issuer asn1.RawValue
+			Serial *big.Int
+		}
+		Digest    pkix.AlgorithmIdentifier
+		Algorithm pkix.AlgorithmIdentifier
+		Signature []byte
+	}
+	digestAlg := pkix.AlgorithmIdentifier{Algorithm: asn1.ObjectIdentifier{1, 2, 156, 10197, 1, 401}, Parameters: asn1.NullRawValue}
+	signer := signerInfo{Version: 1, Digest: digestAlg, Algorithm: pkix.AlgorithmIdentifier{Algorithm: asn1.ObjectIdentifier{1, 2, 156, 10197, 1, 301, 1}}, Signature: signature}
+	signer.IssuerAndSerial.Issuer = asn1.RawValue{FullBytes: cert.RawIssuer}
+	signer.IssuerAndSerial.Serial = cert.SerialNumber
+	content, err := asn1.Marshal(digest)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	sd, err := asn1.Marshal(struct {
+		Version      int
+		Digests      []pkix.AlgorithmIdentifier `asn1:"set"`
+		Content      contentInfo
+		Certificates asn1.RawValue
+		Signers      []signerInfo `asn1:"set"`
+	}{1, []pkix.AlgorithmIdentifier{digestAlg}, contentInfo{asn1.ObjectIdentifier{1, 2, 156, 10197, 6, 1, 4, 2, 1}, asn1.RawValue{Class: 2, Tag: 0, IsCompound: true, Bytes: content}}, asn1.RawValue{Class: 2, Tag: 0, IsCompound: true, Bytes: cert.Raw}, []signerInfo{signer}})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return asn1.Marshal(contentInfo{asn1.ObjectIdentifier{1, 2, 156, 10197, 6, 1, 4, 2, 2}, asn1.RawValue{Class: 2, Tag: 0, IsCompound: true, Bytes: sd}})
+}
diff --git a/ofdgo_sign_write_stamp.go b/ofdgo_sign_write_stamp.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd6989c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_sign_write_stamp.go
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// SignatureSeamStamps 生成页面右侧的等宽骑缝印章位置
+// 页码从1开始，按传入顺序分割同一印章；box.X为右侧内缩，Y为纵坐标，W/H为完整印章尺寸
+// 入参: pages 至少两页且不重复, box 印章参数，单位毫米
+// 返回: []SignatureStamp 可传入签署选项的位置, error 错误信息
+func (r *Reader) SignatureSeamStamps(pages []int, box Box) ([]SignatureStamp, error) {
+	if r == nil || len(pages) < 2 || !signatureWriteBoxValid(box) || box.X < 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid seam stamp parameters")
+	}
+	doc, err := r.Doc()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	seen := make(map[int]bool)
+	stamps := make([]SignatureStamp, 0, len(pages))
+	width := box.W / float64(len(pages))
+	for i, page := range pages {
+		if page < 1 || page > len(doc.Pages.Page) || seen[page] {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid seam stamp page: %d", page)
+		}
+		seen[page] = true
+		area, err := r.PageArea(doc.Pages.Page[page-1])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		physical, err := ParseBox(area.PhysicalBox)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		clip := Box{X: float64(i) * width, W: width, H: box.H}
+		boundary := Box{X: physical.X + physical.W - box.X - width - clip.X, Y: box.Y, W: box.W, H: box.H}
+		stamps = append(stamps, SignatureStamp{PageRef: doc.Pages.Page[page-1].ID, Boundary: signatureWriteBox(boundary), Clip: signatureWriteBox(clip)})
+	}
+	return signatureWriteStamps(r, stamps, true)
+}
+
+// signatureWriteStamps 复用Reader定位并检查外观几何参数
+// 入参: r 阅读器, stamps 位置, seal 是否电子印章
+// 返回: []SignatureStamp 独立位置列表, error 错误信息
+func signatureWriteStamps(r *Reader, stamps []SignatureStamp, seal bool) ([]SignatureStamp, error) {
+	if len(stamps) != 0 && !seal {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("digital signatures cannot contain seal appearances")
+	}
+	positions, err := r.SignatureStampPositions(stamps)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	doc, err := r.Doc()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	result := append([]SignatureStamp(nil), stamps...)
+	if len(result) != 0 {
+		pages := make(map[string]bool)
+		for _, page := range doc.Pages.Page {
+			if page.ID == "" || pages[page.ID] {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("ambiguous stamp page ID: %s", page.ID)
+			}
+			pages[page.ID] = true
+		}
+	}
+	ids := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, stamp := range stamps {
+		if stamp.ID == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if !signatureWriteIDValid(stamp.ID) || ids[stamp.ID] {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid or duplicate stamp ID: %s", stamp.ID)
+		}
+		ids[stamp.ID] = true
+	}
+	for _, position := range positions {
+		box := position.Box
+		if !signatureWriteBoxValid(box) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid stamp boundary")
+		}
+		visible := box
+		if clip := position.ClipBox; clip != nil {
+			if !signatureWriteBoxValid(*clip) || clip.X < 0 || clip.Y < 0 || clip.X+clip.W > box.W+1e-9 || clip.Y+clip.H > box.H+1e-9 {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid stamp clip")
+			}
+			visible = Box{X: box.X + clip.X, Y: box.Y + clip.Y, W: clip.W, H: clip.H}
+		}
+		area, err := r.PageArea(doc.Pages.Page[position.Page-1])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		page, err := ParseBox(area.PhysicalBox)
+		if err != nil || !signatureWriteBoxValid(page) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid stamp page area")
+		}
+		if visible.X < page.X-1e-9 || visible.Y < page.Y-1e-9 || visible.X+visible.W > page.X+page.W+1e-9 || visible.Y+visible.H > page.Y+page.H+1e-9 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("stamp is outside page %d", position.Page)
+		}
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+// signatureWriteIDValid 检查可互通的签章标识字符
+// 入参: id 标识
+// 返回: bool 是否有效
+func signatureWriteIDValid(id string) bool {
+	return id != "" && len(id) <= 128 && strings.IndexFunc(id, func(c rune) bool {
+		return !(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z' || c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z' || c >= '0' && c <= '9' || c == '_' || c == '-' || c == '.')
+	}) == -1
+}
+
+// signatureWriteBoxValid 判断印章区域是否有限且尺寸为正
+// 入参: box 区域
+// 返回: bool 是否有效
+func signatureWriteBoxValid(box Box) bool {
+	for _, value := range []float64{box.X, box.Y, box.W, box.H} {
+		if math.IsInf(value, 0) || math.IsNaN(value) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return box.W > 0 && box.H > 0
+}
+
+// signatureWriteBox 编码印章区域
+// 入参: box 区域
+// 返回: string 区域文本
+func signatureWriteBox(box Box) string {
+	return strconv.FormatFloat(box.X, 'f', -1, 64) + " " + strconv.FormatFloat(box.Y, 'f', -1, 64) + " " + strconv.FormatFloat(box.W, 'f', -1, 64) + " " + strconv.FormatFloat(box.H, 'f', -1, 64)
+}
diff --git a/ofdgo_writer.go b/ofdgo_writer.go
index d34b400..63397e8 100644
--- a/ofdgo_writer.go
+++ b/ofdgo_writer.go
@@ -50,6 +50,16 @@ func (progress editorProgress) report(stage string, completed, total int) error
 // 入参: writer 输出流
 // 返回: int64 已写入字节数, error 错误信息
 func (e *Editor) WriteTo(writer io.Writer) (int64, error) {
+	if e.encryption != nil {
+		return e.writeEncrypted(writer)
+	}
+	return e.writePlaintext(writer)
+}
+
+// writePlaintext 写出未加密包，供显式明文输出与加密封装共用
+// 入参: writer 输出流
+// 返回: int64 写入字节数, error 错误信息
+func (e *Editor) writePlaintext(writer io.Writer) (int64, error) {
 	if err := e.validate(); err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
@@ -129,6 +139,7 @@ func (e *Editor) WritePagesTo(writer io.Writer, indexes []int) (int64, error) {
 	}
 	defer reader.Close()
 	selected := NewEditor()
+	selected.encryption = e.encryption
 	id := selected.Info.DocID
 	selected.Info = cloneEditorData(e.Info)
 	selected.Info.DocID = id
@@ -156,7 +167,7 @@ func (e *Editor) reader(progress editorProgress) (*Reader, error) {
 	if e.source != nil {
 		return e.sourceReader(progress)
 	}
-	r := &Reader{files: make(map[string][]byte)}
+	r := &Reader{files: make(map[string][]byte), encryption: e.encryption}
 	if err := e.writeParts(func(name string, data []byte, _ bool) error {
 		r.files[name] = data
 		return nil