diff --git a/assets/webui/index.html b/assets/webui/index.html
index c75d838..f3b46fa 100644
--- a/assets/webui/index.html
+++ b/assets/webui/index.html
@@ -262,6 +262,26 @@
 				<div class="form-actions"><div id="objectStyleStatus" class="form-status" role="status"></div><button id="objectStyleCancel" class="button" type="button">取消</button><button class="button" type="submit">确定</button></div>
 			</form>
 		</dialog>
+		<dialog id="structureDialog" class="form-dialog structure-dialog" aria-label="管理标引">
+			<form id="structureForm">
+				<div class="form-row"><label for="structureEntry">标引</label><select id="structureEntry"></select></div>
+				<div id="structureNodeRow" class="form-row"><label for="structureNodeSelect">节点</label><select id="structureNodeSelect"></select></div>
+				<div id="structureActionRow" class="form-row"><label for="structureAction">操作</label><select id="structureAction"><option value="update">修改</option><option value="add">新增</option><option value="bind">绑定</option><option value="delete">删除</option></select></div>
+				<div id="structureFields">
+					<div id="structureTypeRow" class="form-row"><label for="structureType">类型</label><input id="structureType" type="text" required></div>
+					<div class="form-row"><label for="structureName">名称</label><input id="structureName" type="text" required></div>
+					<div class="form-row"><label for="structureNamespace">命名空间</label><input id="structureNamespace" type="text"></div>
+					<div class="form-row"><label for="structureText">内容</label><textarea id="structureText" rows="2"></textarea></div>
+					<div class="panel-row"><span>属性</span><button id="structureAttributeAdd" class="small-button" type="button" title="添加属性">添加</button></div>
+					<div id="structureAttributes" class="structure-edit-list"></div>
+				</div>
+				<div id="structureBinding" hidden>
+					<div class="panel-row"><span>引用</span><div class="panel-actions"><button id="structureSelection" class="small-button" type="button" title="绑定选区">选区</button><button id="structureReferenceAdd" class="small-button" type="button" title="添加引用">添加</button></div></div>
+					<div id="structureReferences" class="structure-edit-list"></div>
+				</div>
+				<div class="form-actions"><div id="structureStatus" class="form-status" role="status"></div><button id="structureCancel" class="button" type="button">取消</button><button id="structureSubmit" class="button" type="submit">确定</button></div>
+			</form>
+		</dialog>
 		<dialog id="outlinePanel" class="form-dialog" aria-label="编辑目录">
 			<form id="outlineForm">
 				<div class="form-row"><label for="outlineTitle">标题</label><input id="outlineTitle" type="text" required autofocus></div>
@@ -705,7 +725,7 @@
 					<div id="attachmentList" class="attachment-list"></div>
 				</section>
 				<section id="structurePanel" class="structure-panel" aria-labelledby="structurePanelTitle" hidden>
-					<div class="panel-row"><div id="structurePanelTitle" class="panel-title compact">结构</div><span id="structureSummary" class="count-pill">0</span></div>
+					<div class="panel-row"><div id="structurePanelTitle" class="panel-title compact">结构</div><div class="panel-actions"><span id="structureSummary" class="count-pill">0</span><button id="structureManage" class="small-button" type="button" title="管理标引" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-controls="structureDialog" hidden>管理</button></div></div>
 					<div id="structureList" class="structure-list"></div>
 				</section>
 				<section id="signaturePanel" class="signature-panel" aria-labelledby="signaturePanelTitle" hidden>
diff --git a/assets/webui/ofdgo.css b/assets/webui/ofdgo.css
index 0e70e4c..ce515ad 100644
--- a/assets/webui/ofdgo.css
+++ b/assets/webui/ofdgo.css
@@ -3037,6 +3037,57 @@ audio.page-media {
 	gap: 8px;
 }
 
+.structure-dialog {
+	width: min(560px, calc(100vw - 32px));
+}
+
+.structure-dialog .form-row {
+	grid-template-columns: 4em minmax(0, 1fr);
+}
+
+.structure-dialog .form-row > label {
+	text-align-last: justify;
+}
+
+.structure-edit-list {
+	display: grid;
+	gap: 8px;
+	margin-top: 8px;
+}
+
+.structure-attribute {
+	display: grid;
+	grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr) 28px;
+	gap: 6px;
+}
+
+.structure-attribute .structure-attribute-value {
+	grid-column: 1 / 3;
+}
+
+.structure-attribute > button {
+	grid-column: 3;
+	grid-row: 1 / 3;
+	align-self: center;
+}
+
+.structure-reference + .structure-reference {
+	border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
+	padding-top: 8px;
+}
+
+.structure-reference .form-unit {
+	min-width: 0;
+	gap: 6px;
+}
+
+.structure-reference .form-unit > input,
+.structure-reference .form-unit > select,
+.structure-attribute > input {
+	min-width: 0;
+	width: 100%;
+}
+
 .info-line.ok .info-value {
 	color: var(--accent-strong);
 }
diff --git a/assets/webui/ofdgo.js b/assets/webui/ofdgo.js
index ab5b837..b858281 100644
--- a/assets/webui/ofdgo.js
+++ b/assets/webui/ofdgo.js
@@ -540,6 +540,22 @@ const el = {
 	structurePanel: document.querySelector("#structurePanel"),
 	structureList: document.querySelector("#structureList"),
 	structureSummary: document.querySelector("#structureSummary"),
+	structureManage: document.querySelector("#structureManage"),
+	structureDialog: document.querySelector("#structureDialog"),
+	structureForm: document.querySelector("#structureForm"),
+	structureEntry: document.querySelector("#structureEntry"),
+	structureNodeSelect: document.querySelector("#structureNodeSelect"),
+	structureAction: document.querySelector("#structureAction"),
+	structureFields: document.querySelector("#structureFields"),
+	structureType: document.querySelector("#structureType"),
+	structureName: document.querySelector("#structureName"),
+	structureNamespace: document.querySelector("#structureNamespace"),
+	structureText: document.querySelector("#structureText"),
+	structureAttributes: document.querySelector("#structureAttributes"),
+	structureBinding: document.querySelector("#structureBinding"),
+	structureReferences: document.querySelector("#structureReferences"),
+	structureStatus: document.querySelector("#structureStatus"),
+	structureSubmit: document.querySelector("#structureSubmit"),
 	signatureSummary: document.querySelector("#signatureSummary"),
 	signatureList: document.querySelector("#signatureList"),
 	annotationNote: document.querySelector("#annotationNote"),
@@ -1211,6 +1227,32 @@ el.objectStyleForm.addEventListener("submit", async event => {
 	if (await changeDocument("ofdgoStyleObjects", { ...item, id: canvasEditor.items().map(member => member.id) }, style)) el.objectStylePanel.close();
 });
 el.outlineCancel.addEventListener("click", () => el.outlinePanel.close());
+el.structureManage.addEventListener("click", openStructureDialog);
+document.querySelector("#structureCancel").addEventListener("click", () => el.structureDialog.close());
+el.structureEntry.addEventListener("change", refreshStructureNodes);
+el.structureNodeSelect.addEventListener("change", refreshStructureFields);
+el.structureAction.addEventListener("change", refreshStructureFields);
+document.querySelector("#structureAttributeAdd").addEventListener("click", () => addStructureAttribute());
+document.querySelector("#structureReferenceAdd").addEventListener("click", () => addStructureReference());
+document.querySelector("#structureSelection").addEventListener("click", () => {
+	const items = canvasEditor.items();
+	if (!items.length) { el.structureStatus.textContent = "尚未选择图元"; return; }
+	const page = state.doc.pages[items[0].index];
+	addStructureReference({ pageId: page.id, objectIds: items.map(item => item.id) });
+});
+el.structureForm.addEventListener("submit", async event => {
+	event.preventDefault();
+	if (!state.editing || document.body.hasAttribute("aria-busy")) return;
+	const index = Number(el.structureEntry.value), path = JSON.parse(el.structureNodeSelect.value || "[]");
+	const action = index < 0 ? "create" : el.structureAction.value;
+	const node = { name: el.structureName.value, namespace: el.structureNamespace.value, text: el.structureText.value,
+		attributes: [...el.structureAttributes.children].map(row => ({ name: row.querySelector('[name="name"]').value, namespace: row.querySelector('[name="namespace"]').value, value: row.querySelector('[name="value"]').value })) };
+	const references = [...el.structureReferences.children].map(row => ({ pageId: row.querySelector('[name="page"]').value,
+		objectIds: row.querySelector('[name="ids"]').value.split(/[,\s]+/u).filter(Boolean) })).filter(ref => ref.objectIds.length);
+	el.structureStatus.textContent = "";
+	const saved = await changeDocument("ofdgoChangeStructure", null, JSON.stringify({ action, index, path, typeId: el.structureType.value, node, references }));
+	if (saved) el.structureDialog.close();
+});
 el.outlineForm.addEventListener("submit", async event => {
 	event.preventDefault();
 	const path = state.outlineAction === "add" ? JSON.parse(el.outlineParent.value) : state.outlineSelection;
@@ -1657,7 +1699,7 @@ function handleKeyDown(event) {
 
 function formDialogOpen() {
 	return Boolean(sealPreview) || fontBindingElements.Panel.open || el.signPanel.open || el.verifyPanel.open || el.credentialsPanel.open || el.encryptionPanel.open || batchElements.Panel.open || el.exportPanel.open || el.createPanel.open || el.insertPanel.open || el.pagePanel.open || el.paragraphPanel.open || el.importPanel.open || el.infoPanel.open || el.documentPanel.open
-		|| el.versionPanel.open || el.batchPagesPanel.open || el.objectStylePanel.open || el.sourceTextPanel.open || el.outlinePanel.open || el.objectBoundsPanel.open || el.annotationNote.open || el.annotationCreate.open || el.objectPicker.open;
+		|| el.structureDialog.open || el.versionPanel.open || el.batchPagesPanel.open || el.objectStylePanel.open || el.sourceTextPanel.open || el.outlinePanel.open || el.objectBoundsPanel.open || el.annotationNote.open || el.annotationCreate.open || el.objectPicker.open;
 }
 
 function setObjectDimension(input, value) {
@@ -3414,6 +3456,8 @@ async function changeDocument(name, item, ...args) {
 				el.objectBoundsStatus.textContent = err.message;
 			} else if (el.outlinePanel.open) {
 				el.outlineStatus.textContent = err.message;
+			} else if (el.structureDialog.open) {
+				el.structureStatus.textContent = err.message;
 			} else if (el.infoPanel.open) {
 				el.infoStatus.textContent = err.message;
 			} else if (el.attachmentDialog.open) {
@@ -4188,6 +4232,7 @@ async function openOFD(file, remote = null) {
 		el.sourceTextPanel.close();
 		el.objectBoundsPanel.close();
 		el.outlinePanel.close();
+		el.structureDialog.close();
 		updateControls();
 		await openDocument({ doc, pageIndex: remote?.pageIndex || 0, resetScroll: true, openSeq, activateActions: true });
 	} catch (err) {
@@ -8150,7 +8195,7 @@ function renderMeta(keepDetails = false) {
 	el.metaSignatures.textContent = doc.detailsPending ? "正在检查签名" : doc.detailsError ? "读取失败" : String(doc.signatureCount || 0);
 	renderMetaContent(el.attachmentList, [doc.attachments, doc.attachmentError, state.editing], renderAttachments);
 	renderMetaContent(el.signatureList, [doc.signatures, doc.signatureError], renderSignatures);
-	renderMetaContent(el.structureList, [doc.structures, doc.structureError, doc.documentIndex, doc.documentVersion, state.openSeq, state.editorInfo?.revision], renderStructures);
+	updateStructureControls();
 	renderMetaContent(el.docFontList, doc.fonts || [], renderDocumentFonts);
 	refreshEditorFonts();
 	updateLocalFontButton();
@@ -8227,9 +8272,149 @@ function renderAttachments() {
 	}
 }
 
+function openStructureDialog() {
+	if (!state.editing || !state.doc || document.body.hasAttribute("aria-busy")) return;
+	el.structureEntry.replaceChildren();
+	for (const [index, structure] of (state.doc.structures || []).entries()) {
+		el.structureEntry.add(new Option(`${index + 1} · ${structure.root?.name || structure.typeId}`, index));
+	}
+	el.structureEntry.add(new Option("新建标引", -1));
+	el.structureAction.value = "update";
+	refreshStructureNodes();
+	el.structureDialog.showModal();
+}
+
+function refreshStructureNodes() {
+	const structure = state.doc.structures?.[Number(el.structureEntry.value)];
+	el.structureNodeSelect.replaceChildren();
+	const append = (node, path, depth) => {
+		if (node.references?.length) return;
+		el.structureNodeSelect.add(new Option(`${"　".repeat(depth)}${node.name}`, JSON.stringify(path)));
+		for (const [index, child] of (node.children || []).entries()) append(child, [...path, index], depth + 1);
+	};
+	if (structure?.root) append(structure.root, [], 0);
+	refreshStructureFields();
+}
+
+function refreshStructureFields() {
+	const index = Number(el.structureEntry.value), creating = index < 0;
+	const structure = state.doc.structures?.[index];
+	let node = structure?.root, canBind = Boolean(structure?.canBind);
+	for (const part of JSON.parse(el.structureNodeSelect.value || "[]")) {
+		node = node?.children?.[part];
+		canBind &&= node?.namespace === structure.root.namespace;
+	}
+	canBind &&= node?.name !== "ObjectRef";
+	el.structureAction.querySelector('[value="bind"]').disabled = !canBind;
+	if (!canBind && el.structureAction.value === "bind") el.structureAction.value = "update";
+	if (!creating && !node) el.structureAction.value = "delete";
+	for (const option of el.structureAction.options) option.disabled = option.value === "bind" ? !canBind : !creating && !node && option.value !== "delete";
+	const action = creating ? "create" : el.structureAction.value;
+	document.querySelector("#structureNodeRow").hidden = creating || !node;
+	document.querySelector("#structureActionRow").hidden = creating;
+	document.querySelector("#structureTypeRow").hidden = !creating;
+	el.structureType.value = creating ? "custom" : structure?.typeId || "";
+	el.structureFields.hidden = action === "bind" || action === "delete";
+	el.structureBinding.hidden = action !== "bind";
+	el.structureName.value = action === "update" ? node?.name || "" : "";
+	el.structureNamespace.value = creating ? "" : node?.namespace || "";
+	el.structureText.value = action === "update" ? node?.text || "" : "";
+	el.structureAttributes.replaceChildren();
+	el.structureReferences.replaceChildren();
+	if (action === "update") for (const attr of node?.attributes || []) addStructureAttribute(attr);
+	if (action === "bind") {
+		const references = [...(node?.references || []), ...(node?.children || []).flatMap(child => child.references || [])];
+		for (const ref of references) addStructureReference(ref);
+		if (!references.length) addStructureReference();
+	}
+	for (const control of el.structureFields.querySelectorAll("input,textarea,button")) control.disabled = el.structureFields.hidden;
+	el.structureType.disabled = !creating;
+	el.structureStatus.textContent = structure?.error || (action === "delete" ? "删除此节点及子节点" : "");
+	el.structureSubmit.textContent = ({ create: "新增", add: "新增", update: "修改", bind: "绑定", delete: "删除" })[action];
+}
+
+function addStructureAttribute(attribute = {}) {
+	const row = document.createElement("div");
+	row.className = "structure-attribute";
+	for (const [name, label] of [["name", "属性名称"], ["namespace", "命名空间"], ["value", "属性内容"]]) {
+		const input = document.createElement("input");
+		input.name = name;
+		input.value = attribute[name] || "";
+		input.placeholder = label;
+		input.setAttribute("aria-label", label);
+		input.required = name === "name";
+		if (name === "value") input.className = "structure-attribute-value";
+		row.append(input);
+	}
+	const remove = document.createElement("button");
+	remove.type = "button";
+	remove.className = "small-button";
+	remove.textContent = "×";
+	remove.title = "删除属性";
+	remove.setAttribute("aria-label", remove.title);
+	remove.addEventListener("click", () => row.remove());
+	row.append(remove);
+	el.structureAttributes.append(row);
+}
+
+function addStructureReference(reference = {}) {
+	const row = document.createElement("div");
+	row.className = "structure-reference";
+	const page = document.createElement("select"), object = document.createElement("select"), ids = document.createElement("input");
+	page.name = "page";
+	ids.name = "ids";
+	ids.value = (reference.objectIds || []).join(",");
+	for (const [index, item] of state.doc.pages.entries()) page.add(new Option(`第${index + 1}页`, item.id));
+	if (reference.pageId) page.value = reference.pageId;
+	const remove = document.createElement("button"), add = document.createElement("button");
+	for (const [button, label, text] of [[remove, "删除引用", "×"], [add, "添加图元", "添加"]]) {
+		button.type = "button";
+		button.className = "small-button";
+		button.textContent = text;
+		button.title = label;
+		button.setAttribute("aria-label", label);
+	}
+	remove.addEventListener("click", () => row.remove());
+	add.addEventListener("click", () => {
+		if (object.value) ids.value = [...ids.value.split(/[,\s]+/u).filter(Boolean), object.value].join(",");
+	});
+	for (const [label, control, button] of [["页码", page, remove], ["图元", object, add], ["顺序", ids, null]]) {
+		const line = document.createElement("div"), title = document.createElement("label"), unit = document.createElement("div");
+		line.className = "form-row";
+		title.textContent = label;
+		control.setAttribute("aria-label", label);
+		unit.className = "form-unit";
+		unit.append(control);
+		if (button) unit.append(button);
+		line.append(title, unit);
+		row.append(line);
+	}
+	el.structureReferences.append(row);
+	const load = async () => {
+		const value = page.value, sequence = state.openSeq;
+		object.replaceChildren(new Option("读取中", ""));
+		add.disabled = true;
+		try {
+			const index = state.doc.pages.findIndex(item => item.id === value);
+			const targets = await callWASM("ofdgoStructureObjects", index);
+			if (!row.isConnected || sequence !== state.openSeq || value !== page.value) return;
+			object.replaceChildren(new Option("选择图元", ""));
+			for (const target of targets || []) object.add(new Option(`${target.id} · ${(target.text || "图元").slice(0, 60)}`, target.id));
+			add.disabled = false;
+		} catch (err) {
+			if (!row.isConnected || sequence !== state.openSeq || value !== page.value) return;
+			object.replaceChildren(new Option("读取失败", ""));
+			el.structureStatus.textContent = err.message;
+		}
+	};
+	page.addEventListener("change", () => { ids.value = ""; load(); });
+	load();
+}
+
 function renderStructures() {
 	const structures = state.doc?.structures || [];
-	el.structurePanel.hidden = !structures.length && !state.doc?.structureError;
+	el.structurePanel.hidden = !structures.length && !state.doc?.structureError && !(state.doc && state.editing);
+	el.structureManage.hidden = !state.editing;
 	el.structureSummary.textContent = structures.length;
 	el.structureList.replaceChildren();
 	if (state.doc?.structureError) appendInfoLine(el.structureList, "错误", state.doc.structureError, "fail");
@@ -8239,6 +8424,11 @@ function renderStructures() {
 	}
 }
 
+function updateStructureControls() {
+	renderMetaContent(el.structureList, [state.doc?.structures, state.doc?.structureError, state.doc?.documentIndex, state.doc?.documentVersion, state.openSeq, state.editorInfo?.revision, state.editing], renderStructures);
+	el.structureManage.disabled = !state.ready || state.exporting || document.body.hasAttribute("aria-busy") || Boolean(state.doc?.detailsPending);
+}
+
 function structureNode(node, index, path) {
 	const details = document.createElement("details");
 	details.className = "structure-node";
@@ -9083,6 +9273,7 @@ function updateDocumentControls() {
 
 function updateControls() {
 	renderSecurity();
+	updateStructureControls();
 	el.attachmentAdd.disabled = !state.editing || !state.ready || state.exporting;
 	renderMetaContent(el.attachmentList, [state.doc?.attachments, state.doc?.attachmentError, state.editing], renderAttachments);
 	const hasDoc = Boolean(state.doc);
@@ -9289,6 +9480,7 @@ function showError(err, empty = !state.doc) {
 
 function setBusy(busy, text = "", percent = 0, status = "") {
 	document.body.toggleAttribute("aria-busy", busy);
+	updateStructureControls();
 	updateDocumentControls();
 	renderSecurity();
 	updateDisplayControls();
@@ -9312,6 +9504,7 @@ function setBusy(busy, text = "", percent = 0, status = "") {
 	el.objectStyleForm.inert = busy;
 	el.objectBoundsForm.inert = busy;
 	el.outlineForm.inert = busy;
+	el.structureForm.inert = busy;
 	el.outlineList.inert = busy;
 	el.navigationTabs.inert = busy;
 	el.pageList.inert = busy;
diff --git a/internal/webui/wasm.go b/internal/webui/wasm.go
index 0937d76..51a8441 100644
--- a/internal/webui/wasm.go
+++ b/internal/webui/wasm.go
@@ -208,6 +208,8 @@ func RunWASM() {
 	registerCallback("ofdgoRenderPage", renderPage)
 	registerCallback("ofdgoOutlineLinks", outlineLinks)
 	registerCallback("ofdgoStructureTargets", structureTargets)
+	registerCallback("ofdgoStructureObjects", structureObjects)
+	registerCallback("ofdgoChangeStructure", changeStructure)
 	registerCallback("ofdgoOpenLinks", openLinks)
 	registerCallback("ofdgoRenderBackends", renderBackends)
 	registerCallback("ofdgoSVGFontData", svgFontData)
@@ -923,6 +925,57 @@ func outlineLinks(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
 	return linkResults(links)
 }
 
+// changeStructure 提交标引操作，XML、目标校验及历史维护均由库完成
+// 入参: args JSON操作参数
+// 返回: any 编辑状态, error 参数、校验或提交错误
+func changeStructure(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
+	if len(args) != 1 || args[0].Type() != js.TypeString {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid structure arguments")
+	}
+	var request struct {
+		Action     string                     `json:"action"`
+		Index      int                        `json:"index"`
+		Path       []int                      `json:"path"`
+		TypeID     string                     `json:"typeId"`
+		Node       ofdgo.StructureNode        `json:"node"`
+		References []ofdgo.StructureReference `json:"references"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(args[0].String()), &request); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return changeObjects(func() error {
+		switch request.Action {
+		case "create":
+			_, err := currentEditor.AddStructure(ofdgo.CustomTag{TypeID: request.TypeID, NameSpace: request.Node.Namespace}, request.Node)
+			return err
+		case "add":
+			_, err := currentEditor.AddStructureNode(request.Index, request.Path, request.Node)
+			return err
+		case "update":
+			return currentEditor.UpdateStructureNode(request.Index, request.Path, request.Node)
+		case "delete":
+			if len(request.Path) == 0 {
+				return currentEditor.DeleteStructure(request.Index)
+			}
+			return currentEditor.DeleteStructureNode(request.Index, request.Path)
+		case "bind":
+			return currentEditor.SetStructureReferences(request.Index, request.Path, request.References)
+		default:
+			return fmt.Errorf("unsupported structure action %q", request.Action)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// structureObjects 获取当前编辑文档的绑定候选，不允许阅读模式调用编辑入口
+// 入参: args 从0开始的页面索引
+// 返回: any 图元标识和原文, error 参数或读取错误
+func structureObjects(args []js.Value) (any, error) {
+	if currentEditor == nil || currentSession == nil || len(args) != 1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no document is being edited")
+	}
+	return currentSession.Renderer.StructureObjects(args[0].Int())
+}
+
 // structureTargets 查询当前文档标引节点的原文与定位范围
 // 入参: args 标引清单索引和节点路径
 // 返回: any 标引目标, error 参数或解析错误
diff --git a/ofdgo_editor_structure_content.go b/ofdgo_editor_structure_content.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3083010
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_editor_structure_content.go
@@ -0,0 +1,431 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/xml"
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Structure 获取当前编辑状态的标引，包括页面和图元删除后的引用调整
+// 返回: []Structure 标引结构, error 快照或解析错误
+func (e *Editor) Structure() ([]Structure, error) {
+	r, err := e.Reader()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer r.Close()
+	return r.Structure()
+}
+
+// AddStructure 添加独立标引及根节点，FileLoc由库分配，不接收外部内容路径
+// SchemaLoc仅允许引用包内已有文件，不访问网络或验证业务Schema
+// 入参: tag 类型、命名空间及可选Schema位置, root 根节点
+// 返回: int 从0开始的标引索引, error 校验或提交错误
+func (e *Editor) AddStructure(tag CustomTag, root StructureNode) (int, error) {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(tag.TypeID) == "" || tag.FileLoc != "" {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("custom tag requires TypeID and an automatically assigned FileLoc")
+	}
+	if !structureXMLText(tag.TypeID) || !structureXMLText(tag.NameSpace) || !structureXMLText(tag.SchemaLoc) {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("invalid custom tag metadata")
+	}
+	data, err := encodeStructureNode(root)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	tree, err := parseStructure(context.Background(), data, tag)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	if err := e.validateStructureReferences(tree, tag); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	base := e.source
+	if base == nil {
+		base, err = e.importBase()
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+	}
+	if tag.SchemaLoc != "" {
+		name := base.reader.ResPath(tag.SchemaLoc)
+		if _, err := base.reader.readFile(name); err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		tag.SchemaLoc = "/" + name
+	}
+	name, index, container, entries, err := editorStructureIndex(base)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	tag.FileLoc = "/" + e.packageName("Tags/Tag.xml")
+	var attrs ofdAttrs
+	attrs.add("TypeID", tag.TypeID)
+	attrs.add("NameSpace", tag.NameSpace)
+	var content []byte
+	if tag.SchemaLoc != "" {
+		content = append(content, container.textXML("SchemaLoc", tag.SchemaLoc)...)
+	}
+	content = append(content, container.textXML("FileLoc", tag.FileLoc)...)
+	entry, err := container.containerXML("CustomTag", attrs, content)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	parts := map[string][]byte{strings.TrimPrefix(tag.FileLoc, "/"): data}
+	if container.open != container.end {
+		entry = append(bytes.Clone(index[container.open:container.close]), entry...)
+	}
+	parts[name] = editorPatchXML(index, []editorXMLPatch{editorXMLContent(index, container, entry)})
+	if base.document.CustomTags.Path == "" && name != base.reader.documentRoot {
+		docName := base.reader.documentRoot
+		docData, err := base.reader.readFile(docName)
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		doc, err := parseEditorXML(docData)
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		parts[docName], err = editorXMLSetText(docData, doc, [][2]string{{"CustomTags", "/" + name}})
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+	}
+	return len(entries), e.commitAnnotationParts(base, parts)
+}
+
+// DeleteStructure 删除标引入口，不删除正文或其他入口共享的资源
+// 入参: index 从0开始的标引索引
+// 返回: error 索引或提交错误
+func (e *Editor) DeleteStructure(index int) error {
+	if e.source == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("custom tag structure not found: %d", index)
+	}
+	name, data, _, entries, err := editorStructureIndex(e.source)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(entries) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("custom tag structure not found: %d", index)
+	}
+	node := entries[index]
+	return e.commitAnnotationParts(e.source, map[string][]byte{name: editorPatchXML(data, []editorXMLPatch{{node.start, node.end, nil}})})
+}
+
+// AddStructureNode 在指定父节点末尾添加子树，空路径表示根节点
+// 入参: index 标引索引, parent 从0开始的节点路径, node 新节点及子树
+// 返回: []int 新节点路径, error 校验或提交错误
+func (e *Editor) AddStructureNode(index int, parent []int, node StructureNode) ([]int, error) {
+	encoded, err := encodeStructureNode(node)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var result []int
+	err = e.editStructure(index, func(data []byte, root *editorXML, tag CustomTag) ([]byte, error) {
+		target, err := editorStructureNode(root, parent)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if structureOfficial(tag, root.name.Space) && target.name.Space == root.name.Space && target.name.Local == "ObjectRef" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("ObjectRef cannot contain child nodes")
+		}
+		content := bytes.Clone(encoded)
+		if target.open != target.end {
+			content = append(bytes.Clone(data[target.open:target.close]), content...)
+		}
+		result = append(slices.Clone(parent), len(target.children))
+		return editorPatchXML(data, []editorXMLPatch{editorXMLContent(data, target, content)}), nil
+	})
+	return result, err
+}
+
+// UpdateStructureNode 修改节点名称、命名空间、属性和直接文本，保留子节点、注释及处理指令
+// node的Children和References必须为空，图元关联通过SetStructureReferences维护
+// 入参: index 标引索引, path 从0开始的节点路径, node 节点字段
+// 返回: error 校验或提交错误
+func (e *Editor) UpdateStructureNode(index int, path []int, node StructureNode) error {
+	if len(node.Children) != 0 || len(node.References) != 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("use node operations to edit children or references")
+	}
+	return e.editStructure(index, func(data []byte, root *editorXML, _ CustomTag) ([]byte, error) {
+		target, err := editorStructureNode(root, path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		updated, err := updateStructureNodeXML(data, target, node)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return editorPatchXML(data, []editorXMLPatch{{target.start, target.end, updated}}), nil
+	})
+}
+
+// DeleteStructureNode 删除节点及其子树，根节点须通过DeleteStructure删除
+// 入参: index 标引索引, path 从0开始的非空节点路径
+// 返回: error 路径或提交错误
+func (e *Editor) DeleteStructureNode(index int, path []int) error {
+	if len(path) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("delete the structure entry to remove its root")
+	}
+	return e.editStructure(index, func(data []byte, root *editorXML, _ CustomTag) ([]byte, error) {
+		node, err := editorStructureNode(root, path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return editorPatchXML(data, []editorXMLPatch{{node.start, node.end, nil}}), nil
+	})
+}
+
+// SetStructureReferences 替换公文节点的直接ObjectRef，保留其他子节点和原文
+// 按输入顺序绑定图元，允许跨页和重复引用；空列表解除绑定，不修改版式内容
+// 入参: index 标引索引, path 节点路径, references 页面标识和有序图元标识
+// 返回: error 类型、目标校验或提交错误
+func (e *Editor) SetStructureReferences(index int, path []int, references []StructureReference) error {
+	return e.editStructure(index, func(data []byte, root *editorXML, tag CustomTag) ([]byte, error) {
+		node, err := editorStructureNode(root, path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if !structureOfficial(tag, root.name.Space) || node.name.Local == "ObjectRef" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("custom tag does not support ObjectRef binding")
+		}
+		for parent := node; parent != nil; parent = parent.parent {
+			if parent.name.Space != root.name.Space {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot bind objects inside an extension namespace")
+			}
+		}
+		var added []byte
+		for _, ref := range references {
+			if editorResourceID(ref.PageID) == "" || len(ref.ObjectIDs) == 0 {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("ObjectRef requires a page and object identifiers")
+			}
+			for _, id := range ref.ObjectIDs {
+				if editorResourceID(id) == "" {
+					return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid custom tag object identifier: %s", id)
+				}
+			}
+			encoded, err := encodeStructureNode(StructureNode{Name: "ObjectRef", Namespace: root.name.Space, Attributes: []StructureAttribute{{Name: "PageRef", Value: ref.PageID}}, Text: strings.Join(ref.ObjectIDs, ",")})
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			added = append(added, encoded...)
+		}
+		var content []byte
+		if node.open != node.end {
+			var patches []editorXMLPatch
+			for _, child := range node.children {
+				if child.name.Space == root.name.Space && child.name.Local == "ObjectRef" {
+					patches = append(patches, editorXMLPatch{child.start - node.open, child.end - node.open, nil})
+				}
+			}
+			content = editorPatchXML(data[node.open:node.close], patches)
+		}
+		content = append(content, added...)
+		return editorPatchXML(data, []editorXMLPatch{editorXMLContent(data, node, content)}), nil
+	})
+}
+
+// editorStructureIndex 读取或准备当前文档的标引索引，保留内联入口和未知扩展
+// 入参: base 编辑包快照
+// 返回: string 索引文件路径, []byte 原文, *editorXML 容器, []*editorXML 标引入口, error 读取错误
+func editorStructureIndex(base *editorSource) (string, []byte, *editorXML, []*editorXML, error) {
+	name := base.reader.documentRoot
+	if base.document.CustomTags.Path != "" {
+		name = base.reader.ResPath(base.document.CustomTags.Path)
+	}
+	data, err := base.reader.readFile(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, nil, nil, err
+	}
+	root, err := parseEditorXML(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, nil, nil, err
+	}
+	if base.document.CustomTags.Path == "" {
+		container := root.child("CustomTags")
+		if container == nil || len(container.children) == 0 {
+			name = packageAvailableName(base.reader, nil, base.reader.RootDir+"/CustomTags.xml")
+			data, err = root.containerXML("CustomTags", nil, nil)
+			if err == nil {
+				root, err = parseEditorXML(data)
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				return "", nil, nil, nil, err
+			}
+		} else {
+			root = container
+		}
+	}
+	var entries []*editorXML
+	for _, child := range root.children {
+		if child.matchesOFD("CustomTag") {
+			entries = append(entries, child)
+		}
+	}
+	return name, data, root, entries, nil
+}
+
+// editorStructureNode 按完整XML子节点索引定位，与Reader.Structure的路径一致
+// 入参: root 根节点, path 从0开始的路径
+// 返回: *editorXML 节点, error 路径错误
+func editorStructureNode(root *editorXML, path []int) (*editorXML, error) {
+	for _, index := range path {
+		if index < 0 || index >= len(root.children) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("custom tag node not found")
+		}
+		root = root.children[index]
+	}
+	return root, nil
+}
+
+// editStructure 验证完整标引后原子提交，隔离共享入口并保留未修改的XML
+// 入参: index 标引索引, edit 内容变换
+// 返回: error 校验、解析或提交错误
+func (e *Editor) editStructure(index int, edit func([]byte, *editorXML, CustomTag) ([]byte, error)) error {
+	if e.source == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("custom tag structure not found: %d", index)
+	}
+	tags, err := e.source.reader.CustomTags()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(tags) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("custom tag structure not found: %d", index)
+	}
+	tag := tags[index]
+	name := e.source.reader.ResPath(tag.FileLoc)
+	snapshot, err := e.Reader()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer snapshot.Close()
+	current, err := snapshot.CustomTags()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if index >= len(current) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("custom tag structure not found: %d", index)
+	}
+	data, err := snapshot.readFile(snapshot.ResPath(current[index].FileLoc))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, err := parseStructure(context.Background(), data, tag); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	root, err := parseEditorXML(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	updated, err := edit(data, root, tag)
+	if err != nil || bytes.Equal(data, updated) {
+		return err
+	}
+	tree, err := parseStructure(context.Background(), updated, tag)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := e.validateStructureReferences(tree, tag); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	parts := make(map[string][]byte)
+	for i, other := range tags {
+		if i != index && e.source.reader.ResPath(other.FileLoc) == name {
+			indexName, indexData, _, entries, err := editorStructureIndex(e.source)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			name = e.packageName("Tags/Tag.xml")
+			loc := entries[index].child("FileLoc")
+			if loc == nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("custom tag requires FileLoc")
+			}
+			var value bytes.Buffer
+			_ = xml.EscapeText(&value, []byte("/"+name))
+			parts[indexName] = editorPatchXML(indexData, []editorXMLPatch{editorXMLContent(indexData, loc, value.Bytes())})
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	parts[name] = updated
+	return e.commitAnnotationParts(e.source, parts)
+}
+
+// validateStructureReferences 检查标引目标是否位于当前文档和版本，不依赖字体或图像解码
+// 入参: root 待提交标引树, tag 标引入口
+// 返回: error 页面或图元缺失错误
+func (e *Editor) validateStructureReferences(root *StructureNode, tag CustomTag) error {
+	var refs []StructureReference
+	var collect func(*StructureNode, bool) error
+	collect = func(node *StructureNode, official bool) error {
+		official = official && node.Namespace == root.Namespace
+		if official && node.Name == "ObjectRef" && len(node.Children) != 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("ObjectRef cannot contain child nodes")
+		}
+		refs = append(refs, node.References...)
+		for i := range node.Children {
+			if err := collect(&node.Children[i], official); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	if err := collect(root, structureOfficial(tag, root.Namespace)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(refs) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	r, err := e.Reader()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer r.Close()
+	doc, err := r.Doc()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	renderer := e.newRenderer(r)
+	pages := signaturePageNumbers(doc)
+	checked := make(map[int]map[string]bool)
+	for _, ref := range refs {
+		page, _ := resourceValue(pages, ref.PageID)
+		if page == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("custom tag page not found: %s", ref.PageID)
+		}
+		objects := checked[page]
+		if objects == nil {
+			content, err := r.PageContentByIndex(page - 1)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			visitor := &structureObjectVisitor{objects: make(map[string]bool)}
+			if err := renderer.WalkPage(content, visitor); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			objects = visitor.objects
+			checked[page] = objects
+		}
+		for _, id := range ref.ObjectIDs {
+			if !objects[editorResourceID(id)] {
+				return fmt.Errorf("custom tag object not found: %s/%s", ref.PageID, id)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/ofdgo_editor_xml.go b/ofdgo_editor_xml.go
index f2c9fee..21756bb 100644
--- a/ofdgo_editor_xml.go
+++ b/ofdgo_editor_xml.go
@@ -252,6 +252,15 @@ func editorXMLTextValue(data []byte, node *editorXML, before, after string) ([]b
 		content.Reset()
 		content.Write(escaped)
 	}
+	return editorXMLDirectText(data, node, content.Bytes())
+}
+
+// editorXMLDirectText 替换直接文本，保留子节点、注释和处理指令
+// 入参: data 原XML, node 目标节点, text 已转义的文本
+// 返回: []byte 节点片段, error XML解析错误
+func editorXMLDirectText(data []byte, node *editorXML, text []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	var content bytes.Buffer
+	content.Write(text)
 	if node.open < node.close {
 		inner := data[node.open:node.close]
 		decoder := xml.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(inner))
diff --git a/ofdgo_structure.go b/ofdgo_structure.go
index 1352937..4036d5b 100644
--- a/ofdgo_structure.go
+++ b/ofdgo_structure.go
@@ -30,10 +30,12 @@ const structureTypeOfficial = "od"
 const structureNamespaceEGov2013 = "http://www.nits.org.cn/eGovDoc/2013"
 
 // Structure 保存自定义标引入口及结构树，单个文件解析失败时通过Error报告，不影响其他标引
+// CanBind表示已识别公文引用语义，具体节点和目标仍由绑定接口校验
 type Structure struct {
 	TypeID    string         `json:"typeId,omitempty"`
 	Namespace string         `json:"namespace,omitempty"`
 	FileLoc   string         `json:"fileLoc"`
+	CanBind   bool           `json:"canBind,omitempty"`
 	Root      *StructureNode `json:"root,omitempty"`
 	Error     string         `json:"error,omitempty"`
 }
@@ -97,6 +99,9 @@ func (r *Reader) StructureContext(ctx context.Context) ([]Structure, error) {
 		data, err := r.readFileViewContext(ctx, r.ResPath(tag.FileLoc))
 		if err == nil {
 			item.Root, err = parseStructure(ctx, data, tag)
+			if err == nil {
+				item.CanBind = structureOfficial(tag, item.Root.Namespace)
+			}
 		}
 		if ctx.Err() != nil {
 			return nil, ctx.Err()
diff --git a/ofdgo_structure_object.go b/ofdgo_structure_object.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1416c4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_structure_object.go
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+// structureObjectVisitor 收集页面及复合图元标识，绑定校验不解码字体、图片或裁剪
+type structureObjectVisitor struct {
+	objects map[string]bool
+	targets []StructureTarget
+}
+
+// StructureObjects 列出指定页可绑定的图元及原文，包含模板、隐藏内容和复合图元成员
+// 不解码字体和图片，返回顺序遵循页面遍历顺序，同一标识仅列出一次
+// 入参: page 从0开始的页面索引
+// 返回: []StructureTarget 候选图元，不计算Bounds, error 页面或遍历错误
+func (r *Renderer) StructureObjects(page int) ([]StructureTarget, error) {
+	content, err := r.Reader.PageContentByIndex(page)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	visitor := &structureObjectVisitor{objects: make(map[string]bool)}
+	if err := r.WalkPage(content, visitor); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	for i := range visitor.targets {
+		visitor.targets[i].Page, visitor.targets[i].PageID = page+1, content.ID
+	}
+	return visitor.targets, nil
+}
+
+// BeginObject 登记图元标识，不创建分组状态
+// 入参: object 页面图元
+// 返回: bool 始终为false
+func (v *structureObjectVisitor) BeginObject(object *GraphicObject) bool {
+	id := editorResourceID(editorObjectID(*object))
+	if id != "" && !v.objects[id] {
+		v.objects[id] = true
+		target := StructureTarget{ID: id}
+		if object.Type == "TextObject" {
+			target.Text = object.TextObject.Text()
+		}
+		v.targets = append(v.targets, target)
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// EndObject 满足分组访问接口，不维护分组栈
+func (v *structureObjectVisitor) EndObject() {}
+
+// BeginAnnotation 不为注解容器分配正文图元标识
+// 入参: id 注解标识
+// 返回: bool 始终为false
+func (v *structureObjectVisitor) BeginAnnotation(id string) bool { return false }
+
+// SkipObjects 不依赖图元序号
+// 入参: count 跳过数量
+func (v *structureObjectVisitor) SkipObjects(count int) {}
+
+// IncludeHidden 允许绑定隐藏图元
+// 返回: bool 始终为true
+func (v *structureObjectVisitor) IncludeHidden() bool { return true }
+
+// SkipClips 绑定校验不需要裁剪轮廓
+// 返回: bool 始终为true
+func (v *structureObjectVisitor) SkipClips() bool { return true }
+
+// DrawObject 不绘制图元，标识已由BeginObject登记
+// 入参: object 页面图元, state 继承状态
+// 返回: error 始终为nil
+func (v *structureObjectVisitor) DrawObject(object *GraphicObject, state RenderState) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// DrawStamp 不将签章外观作为正文绑定目标
+// 入参: stamp 签章外观
+// 返回: error 始终为nil
+func (v *structureObjectVisitor) DrawStamp(stamp Stamp) error { return nil }
diff --git a/ofdgo_structure_xml.go b/ofdgo_structure_xml.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f6de43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ofdgo_structure_xml.go
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package ofdgo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/xml"
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+)
+
+// encodeStructureNode 编码有界标引子树，引用由ObjectRef节点表达，不重复编码派生References字段
+// 入参: node 根节点
+// 返回: []byte XML片段, error 名称、属性或编码错误
+func encodeStructureNode(node StructureNode) ([]byte, error) {
+	var output bytes.Buffer
+	encoder := xml.NewEncoder(&output)
+	count := 0
+	var write func(StructureNode, int) error
+	write = func(node StructureNode, depth int) error {
+		count++
+		if depth > 128 || count > 100000 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("custom tag structure limit exceeded")
+		}
+		if err := validateStructureNode(node); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		start := xml.StartElement{Name: xml.Name{Space: node.Namespace, Local: node.Name}}
+		if node.Namespace == "" {
+			start.Attr = append(start.Attr, xml.Attr{Name: xml.Name{Local: "xmlns"}, Value: ""})
+		}
+		for _, attr := range node.Attributes {
+			start.Attr = append(start.Attr, xml.Attr{Name: xml.Name{Space: attr.Namespace, Local: attr.Name}, Value: attr.Value})
+		}
+		if err := encoder.EncodeToken(start); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := encoder.EncodeToken(xml.CharData(node.Text)); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		for _, child := range node.Children {
+			if err := write(child, depth+1); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		return encoder.EncodeToken(start.End())
+	}
+	if err := write(node, 1); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := encoder.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return output.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
+// validateStructureNode 校验XML名称和文本，禁止重复属性及伪造命名空间声明
+// 入参: node 节点字段
+// 返回: error 字段校验错误
+func validateStructureNode(node StructureNode) error {
+	if !ofdXMLIDValid(node.Name) || node.Name == "xmlns" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid custom tag node name: %s", node.Name)
+	}
+	if !structureXMLText(node.Text) || !structureXMLText(node.Namespace) || node.Namespace == "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid custom tag text or namespace")
+	}
+	seen := make(map[xml.Name]bool)
+	for _, attr := range node.Attributes {
+		name := xml.Name{Space: attr.Namespace, Local: attr.Name}
+		if !ofdXMLIDValid(attr.Name) || attr.Name == "xmlns" || attr.Namespace == "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/" || !structureXMLText(attr.Namespace) || !structureXMLText(attr.Value) || seen[name] {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid or duplicate custom tag attribute: %s", attr.Name)
+		}
+		seen[name] = true
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// structureXMLText 检查XML 1.0允许的字符，不以替换字符掩盖无效输入
+// 入参: value 文本
+// 返回: bool 是否可无损编码
+func structureXMLText(value string) bool {
+	if !utf8.ValidString(value) {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, r := range value {
+		if r != '\t' && r != '\n' && r != '\r' && (r < 0x20 || r == 0xfffe || r == 0xffff) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// updateStructureNodeXML 替换节点字段，保留子树继承的命名空间和非文本XML内容
+// 入参: data 原XML, source 原节点, node 新字段
+// 返回: []byte 独立节点片段, error 校验或编码错误
+func updateStructureNodeXML(data []byte, source *editorXML, node StructureNode) ([]byte, error) {
+	if err := validateStructureNode(node); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	fragment, err := editorXMLStandalone(data[source.start:source.end], source)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	before, err := parseStructure(context.Background(), fragment, CustomTag{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if node.Name == before.Name && node.Namespace == before.Namespace && node.Text == before.Text && slices.Equal(node.Attributes, before.Attributes) {
+		return data[source.start:source.end], nil
+	}
+	root, err := parseEditorXML(fragment)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if before.Text != node.Text {
+		var text bytes.Buffer
+		if err := xml.EscapeText(&text, []byte(node.Text)); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		fragment, err = editorXMLDirectText(fragment, root, text.Bytes())
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	root, err = parseEditorXML(fragment)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var attrs []xml.Attr
+	used := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, attr := range root.attrs {
+		if attr.Name.Space == "xmlns" {
+			attrs = append(attrs, xml.Attr{Name: xml.Name{Local: "xmlns:" + attr.Name.Local}, Value: attr.Value})
+			used[attr.Name.Local] = true
+		} else if attr.Name.Space == "" && attr.Name.Local == "xmlns" {
+			attrs = append(attrs, attr)
+		}
+	}
+	qualify := func(name, namespace string) string {
+		if namespace == "" {
+			return name
+		}
+		if namespace == "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" {
+			return "xml:" + name
+		}
+		for _, attr := range attrs {
+			if strings.HasPrefix(attr.Name.Local, "xmlns:") && attr.Value == namespace {
+				return strings.TrimPrefix(attr.Name.Local, "xmlns:") + ":" + name
+			}
+		}
+		prefix := "tag"
+		for i := 1; used[prefix]; i++ {
+			prefix = "tag" + strconv.Itoa(i)
+		}
+		used[prefix] = true
+		attrs = append(attrs, xml.Attr{Name: xml.Name{Local: "xmlns:" + prefix}, Value: namespace})
+		return prefix + ":" + name
+	}
+	name := qualify(node.Name, node.Namespace)
+	if node.Namespace == "" {
+		for i := range attrs {
+			if attrs[i].Name.Local == "xmlns" {
+				attrs[i].Value = ""
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	for _, attr := range node.Attributes {
+		key := qualify(attr.Name, attr.Namespace)
+		attrs = append(attrs, xml.Attr{Name: xml.Name{Local: key}, Value: attr.Value})
+	}
+	var output bytes.Buffer
+	encoder := xml.NewEncoder(&output)
+	start := xml.StartElement{Name: xml.Name{Local: name}, Attr: attrs}
+	if err := encoder.EncodeToken(start); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := encoder.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if root.open != root.end {
+		if node.Namespace == "" && before.Namespace != "" {
+			var patches []editorXMLPatch
+			for _, child := range root.children {
+				standalone, err := editorXMLStandalone(fragment[child.start:child.end], child)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				patches = append(patches, editorXMLPatch{child.start - root.open, child.end - root.open, standalone})
+			}
+			output.Write(editorPatchXML(fragment[root.open:root.close], patches))
+		} else {
+			output.Write(fragment[root.open:root.close])
+		}
+	}
+	if err := encoder.EncodeToken(start.End()); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := encoder.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return output.Bytes(), nil
+}