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// Copyright 2025-2026 肖其顿 (XIAO QI DUN)
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//
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// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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// You may obtain a copy of the License at
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//
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// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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//
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// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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// limitations under the License.
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package threed
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import (
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"cmp"
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"fmt"
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"math"
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"slices"
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)
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// u3dAnimationState 保存一次绘制中动画求值的节点变换、骨骼姿态及对应权重
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type u3dAnimationState struct {
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matrix u3dMatrix
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bones []U3DBoneState
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weights *U3DBoneWeights
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}
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// u3dPlaybackKey 标识一条轨道在指定动作时间的采样，不包含节点绑定
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type u3dPlaybackKey struct {
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track *U3DMotionTrack
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time float64
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}
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// u3dPlaybackCache 在一次动画求值中共享轨道时间范围和采样结果
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type u3dPlaybackCache struct {
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render *Renderer
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bounds map[*U3DMotionTrack][2]float64
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samples map[u3dPlaybackKey]U3DKeyFrame
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bytes uint64
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}
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// limits 校验轨道时间并缓存范围，避免共享动作按节点数量重复扫描全部帧
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// 入参: track 动作轨道
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// 返回: [2]float64 首末时间, error 空轨道、数值、预算或取消错误
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func (c *u3dPlaybackCache) limits(track *U3DMotionTrack) ([2]float64, error) {
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if err := c.render.ctx.Err(); err != nil {
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return [2]float64{}, err
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}
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if bounds, exists := c.bounds[track]; exists {
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return bounds, nil
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}
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if len(track.Frames) == 0 {
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return [2]float64{}, fmt.Errorf("empty U3D animation track")
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}
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bounds := [2]float64{math.Inf(1), math.Inf(-1)}
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for i, frame := range track.Frames {
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if i%256 == 0 {
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if err := c.render.ctx.Err(); err != nil {
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return bounds, err
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}
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}
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if !finite(float64(frame.Time)) {
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return bounds, fmt.Errorf("invalid U3D animation key frame time")
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}
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bounds[0], bounds[1] = min(bounds[0], float64(frame.Time)), max(bounds[1], float64(frame.Time))
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}
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if c.bounds == nil {
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if err := c.render.Reserve(1, 1024); err != nil {
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return bounds, err
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}
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c.bytes += 1024
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c.bounds = make(map[*U3DMotionTrack][2]float64)
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}
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if err := c.render.Reserve(1, 96); err != nil {
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return bounds, err
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}
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c.bytes += 96
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c.bounds[track] = bounds
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return bounds, nil
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}
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// sample 复用相同轨道和时间的姿态，缓存只在本次求值期间有效
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// 入参: track 动作轨道, time 已换算的动作时间
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// 返回: U3DKeyFrame 采样姿态, error 轨道、预算或取消错误
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func (c *u3dPlaybackCache) sample(track *U3DMotionTrack, time float64) (U3DKeyFrame, error) {
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if err := c.render.ctx.Err(); err != nil {
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return U3DKeyFrame{}, err
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}
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key := u3dPlaybackKey{track, time}
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if frame, exists := c.samples[key]; exists {
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return frame, nil
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}
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frame, err := track.Sample(c.render.ctx, time, false)
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if err != nil {
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return frame, err
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}
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if c.samples == nil {
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if err := c.render.Reserve(1, 1024); err != nil {
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return frame, err
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}
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c.bytes += 1024
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c.samples = make(map[u3dPlaybackKey]U3DKeyFrame)
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}
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if err := c.render.Reserve(1, 128); err != nil {
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return frame, err
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}
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c.bytes += 128
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c.samples[key] = frame
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return frame, nil
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}
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// prepareAnimations 按资源链、节点链顺序求值，不保存上一帧状态或推进实际时钟
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// 入参: time 从初始时刻起算的秒数
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// 返回: error 动作、骨架、修饰顺序、预算或取消错误
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func (r *Renderer) prepareAnimations(time float64) error {
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cache := u3dPlaybackCache{render: r}
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defer func() { r.remaining += cache.bytes }()
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for i := range r.model.Nodes {
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if err := r.ctx.Err(); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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if r.connected != nil && !r.connected[i] {
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continue
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}
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node := &r.model.Nodes[i]
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mesh := r.nodeMesh(node)
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groups := [2][]U3DAnimation{nil, node.Animations}
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if node.Kind == "Model" && mesh != nil {
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groups[0] = mesh.Animations
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}
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state := u3dAnimationState{matrix: u3dIdentity()}
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used := false
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for chain, group := range groups {
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ordered := group
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if len(group) > 1 {
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if err := r.Reserve(uint64(len(group)), 48); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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ordered = slices.Clone(group)
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slices.SortFunc(ordered, func(a, b U3DAnimation) int { return cmp.Compare(a.Index, b.Index) })
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}
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for index, animation := range ordered {
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if err := r.ctx.Err(); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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if index != 0 && animation.Index == ordered[index-1].Index {
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return fmt.Errorf("duplicate U3D animation chain index")
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}
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if len(animation.Motions) == 0 || animation.Motions[0].Name == "" {
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continue
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}
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motion := &r.model.Motions[r.motionIndex[animation.Motions[0].Name]]
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if len(motion.Tracks) == 0 {
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continue
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}
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used = true
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if err := r.sampleAnimation(&state, node, mesh, &animation, motion, chain, time, &cache); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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}
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if len(group) > 1 {
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r.remaining += uint64(len(group)) * 48
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}
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}
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if used {
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if r.animated == nil {
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if err := r.Reserve(1, 1024); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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r.animated = make(map[string]u3dAnimationState)
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}
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if err := r.Reserve(1, 384); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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r.animated[node.Name] = state
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}
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}
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return r.ctx.Err()
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}
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// animationTime 将毫秒偏移和两级时间倍率换算为动作时间，已绑定轨道共用循环区间
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// 入参: animation 动画修饰器, tracks 动作轨道, bindings 骨骼绑定，空值表示全部轨道, time 从初始时刻起算的秒数, cache 本次采样缓存
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// 返回: float64 动作采样时间, error 时间数值或取消错误
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func (r *Renderer) animationTime(animation *U3DAnimation, tracks []U3DMotionTrack, bindings map[string]int, time float64, cache *u3dPlaybackCache) (float64, error) {
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reference := animation.Motions[0]
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if animation.Attributes&1 == 0 {
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time = 0
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}
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time = time*float64(animation.TimeScale)*float64(reference.TimeScale) - float64(reference.TimeOffset)/1000
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if !finite(time) {
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return 0, fmt.Errorf("invalid U3D animation time")
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}
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minimum, maximum := math.Inf(1), math.Inf(-1)
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for i, track := range tracks {
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if err := r.ctx.Err(); err != nil {
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return 0, err
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}
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if bindings != nil {
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if index, exists := bindings[track.Name]; !exists || index != i {
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continue
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}
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}
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bounds, err := cache.limits(&tracks[i])
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if err != nil {
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return 0, err
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}
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minimum, maximum = min(minimum, bounds[0]), max(maximum, bounds[1])
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}
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if math.IsInf(minimum, 1) {
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return 0, fmt.Errorf("empty U3D animation tracks")
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}
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if reference.Attributes&1 != 0 && maximum > minimum {
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time = math.Mod(time-minimum, maximum-minimum)
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if time < 0 {
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time += maximum - minimum
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}
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time += minimum
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}
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return max(minimum, min(time, maximum)), r.ctx.Err()
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}
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// sampleAnimation 求值单个动作的节点或骨骼姿态，锁定根骨骼时保留其初始变换
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// 入参: state 本节点累计状态, node 节点, mesh 模型几何, animation 修饰器, motion 动作, chain 链类别, time 时间, cache 本次采样缓存
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// 返回: error 轨道、修饰顺序、预算或取消错误
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func (r *Renderer) sampleAnimation(state *u3dAnimationState, node *U3DNode, mesh *U3DMesh, animation *U3DAnimation, motion *U3DMotion, chain int, time float64, cache *u3dPlaybackCache) error {
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if animation.Attributes&4 != 0 {
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if chain == 0 {
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return fmt.Errorf("unsupported U3D resource single-track animation")
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}
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time, err := r.animationTime(animation, motion.Tracks[:1], nil, time, cache)
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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frame, err := cache.sample(&motion.Tracks[0], time)
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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matrix, err := frame.Matrix()
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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if animation.Attributes&2 == 0 {
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state.matrix = state.matrix.multiply(u3dMatrix(matrix))
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if !state.matrix.valid() {
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return fmt.Errorf("invalid U3D animated node transform")
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}
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}
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return nil
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}
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if node.Kind != "Model" || mesh == nil || len(mesh.Bones) == 0 {
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return fmt.Errorf("missing U3D animation skeleton")
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}
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if state.weights != nil {
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return fmt.Errorf("unsupported U3D successive skeletal animations")
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}
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if err := r.Reserve(uint64(len(mesh.Bones)), 96); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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defer func() { r.remaining += uint64(len(mesh.Bones)) * 96 }()
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tracks := make(map[string]int, len(mesh.Bones))
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for i, bone := range mesh.Bones {
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if i%256 == 0 {
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if err := r.ctx.Err(); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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}
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if _, exists := tracks[bone.Name]; exists {
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return fmt.Errorf("duplicate U3D bone %q", bone.Name)
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}
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tracks[bone.Name] = -1
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}
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bound := 0
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for i, track := range motion.Tracks {
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if i%256 == 0 {
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if err := r.ctx.Err(); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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}
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if index, exists := tracks[track.Name]; exists {
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if index >= 0 {
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return fmt.Errorf("ambiguous U3D animation track %q", track.Name)
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}
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tracks[track.Name] = i
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bound++
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}
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}
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if bound == 0 {
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return nil
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}
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time, err := r.animationTime(animation, motion.Tracks, tracks, time, cache)
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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if err := r.Reserve(uint64(len(mesh.Bones)), 64); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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state.bones = make([]U3DBoneState, 0, len(mesh.Bones))
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for i, bone := range mesh.Bones {
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if i%256 == 0 {
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if err := r.ctx.Err(); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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}
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if i == 0 && animation.Attributes&2 != 0 {
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continue
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}
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if index := tracks[bone.Name]; index >= 0 {
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frame, err := cache.sample(&motion.Tracks[index], time)
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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state.bones = append(state.bones, U3DBoneState{Name: bone.Name, Frame: frame})
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}
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}
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if len(state.bones) == 0 {
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r.remaining += uint64(cap(state.bones)) * 64
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state.bones = nil
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return nil
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}
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resourceEnd, nodeEnd := uint64(animation.Index), uint64(0)
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if chain != 0 {
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resourceEnd, nodeEnd = math.MaxUint64, uint64(animation.Index)
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}
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state.weights, err = r.skinWeightSet(mesh, node.BoneWeights, resourceEnd, nodeEnd)
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return err
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}
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